"Web-based intelligent system is an intelligent decision system will develop as a means ofproviding
automated decision analysis assistance in crop management practices [6]. The implementation of intelligent
systems technology will provide decision analysis the guidance to the farmer and to deliver domain knowledge.
The proposed intelligent system offers crop cultivation and management techniques, pest and disease control
technology, intelligent database technology, multimedia and network technology. The system has the functions
of browse, enquiry, identification, diagnosis, consultation, water management problems and other functions for
crop management by farmers desiring..............

[1]. Liu Chuanju, Cai Ken,, "Design and Implement of web based Intelligent Decision support system for prevention and control of
Fruit tree diseases and pest, Proceeding of 2009 4tnh International conference on computer science and education.
[2]. M.S.Prasad Babu et al. A web based tomato crop expert information system based on artificial intelligence and machine learning
algorithms, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 1 (1) , 2010, 6-15.
[3]. Hui Li, Ronghua J, Jianhua Zhang1, Xue Yuan1, Kaiqun Hu1, and Lijun Q," WEB-Based Intelligent Diagnosis System for
CottonDiseases Control" , Pages from International Federation for Information Processing 2011, IFIP AICT 346, pp. 483–490,
2011.
[4]. Reza Ghaffari; Fu Zhang; Daciana Iliescu, Ever Hines; Mark Leeson, Richard Napier and John Clarkson, "Early Detection of
Diseases in Tomato Crops: An Electronic Nose and Intelligent Systems Approach", IEEE Journal Page, This project is co-funded by
the European Commission, Directorate General for Research, within the 7th Framework Programme of RTD, Theme 2 –
Biotechnology, Agriculture & Food

A microstrip fed rectangular patch antenna with dual band operation is proposed for Wi-MAX and WLAN application. Structure of our proposed antenna consist of a rectangular patch (radiating element), ground plane and microstrip line (50ohm). A model of antenna is fabricated using a FR4 dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.02. To check the performance of proposed antenna, return loss, radiation pattern (E and H plane) and current distribution results are obtained on the CADFEKO software. From simulated (-10dB) return loss, it is obtained that lower frequency band has frequency range from 3.3-3.6GHz (Wi-MAX). Higher frequency band has frequency range from 5.1-5.8GHz (WLAN).

Keywords: microstrip fed, rectangular patch, Wi-MAX, WLAN, dual band operation,FR4 substrate

[1]. G. A. Deschamps, "Microstrip microwave antennas", 3rd USAF Symp. on Antennas,1953.
[2]. Gutton and G. Baissinot, "Flat aerial for ultra-high frequencies", French Patent No. 703113,1955.
[3]. E. V. Byron, "A new flush-mounted antenna element for phased array application",Proc. Phased-Array Antenna Symp., 1970.
[4]. R. E. Munson, "Single slot cavity antennas assembly", U.S. Patent No. 3713 162, Jan. 23, 1973.
[5]. J. Q. Howell, "Microstrip antennas", Int. Symp. Antennas Propagates. SOC.,Williamsburg, VA, Dec., pp.177-180, 1972.

This Project actual Flexible to control means monitor system embedded microcontroller with internet protocol connectivity for an access the device from a long distance, such system not used dedicated PC with respect to similar system and given us marvels communication protocol to control and monitor instead of manual switching where its functionality control fully wireless

Keywords: PC, IoT, Valves/Actuators, Raspberry pi

[1]. E.Rammohana Reddy1, K.Sankara2 "Internet of Things Based Home Automation Control System Using Raspberry Pi"Copyright 2018 Vol 3 Issue 4 ISSN2456-3307
[2]. Kapil Bhusari1, Shekhar Borulkar2, Tejas Patil3, Badrinath Danave4."Smart Agro System"International Journal of Research in Advent Technology (E-ISSN: 2321-9637) Special IssueNational Conference "NCPCI-2016", 19 March 2016
[3]. Dr.N.Suma,2 Sandra Rhea Samson,3 S.Saranya, 4 G.Shanmugapriya,5 R.Subhashri."IOT Based Smart Agriculture Monitoring System"International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169 Volume: 5 Issue: 2
[4]. Yichuan Zhang, Anguo Qi and XinzhengLi,"Construction Scheme Study of Smart Agricultural Demonstration Park",International Journal of Smart Home Vol. 9, No. 6 (2015), pp. 107-112

Mobile Ad-hoc networks are main thrust area of research. The analysis of performance of MANET in different propagation characteristics is key issue of concern. In this paper the analysis of MANET routing protocols for different propagation models is carried out. Some important Ad-hoc routing protocols are: DSR (Dynamic Source Routing, Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV), (AODV) Ad-hoc on demand Distance Vector, Ad-hoc on demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) are investigated and compared. The MANET network is simulated using network simulator 2.34 and its associated tools for different routing protocols. The analysis of above routing protocols is carried out for parameters like signal strength, end to end delay, packet delivery ratio, energy consumption.

[1]. Henri Dubois Ferriere Matthias Grossglauser Martin Vetterli"Ef£cient Route Discovery in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Encounter Ages", MobiHoc'03, June 1–3, 2003, Annapolis, Maryland, USA.
[2]. M.K. Jeya kumar and R.S. Rajesh were presented ""Performance analysis of MANET Routing Protocols in Different Mobility Models" IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network, VOL.9 No.2, pp. 22-29, February 2009.
[3]. Tony Larsson, Nicklas Hedman, "Routing Protocols in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks -A Simulation Study", Master's thesis in Computer Science and Engineering, year 1998.
[4]. G.Jayakumar, G. Gopinath, "Performance Comparison of MANET Protocol Based on Manhattan Grid Model", Journal of Mobile Communications, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 18-26, 2008.
[5]. Yashar Ganjali "Load Balancing in Ad Hoc Networks: Single-path Routing vs. Multi-path Routing", Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford, 0-7803-8356-7/04/$20.00 (C) 2004 IEEE.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used in many applications to gather sensitive information which is then forwarded to an analysis centre. Resource limitations have to be taken into account when designing a WSN infrastructure. Unbalanced energy consumption is an inherent problem in WSNs, characterized by multihop routing and a many-to-one traffic pattern. This uneven energy dissipation can significantly reduce network lifetime. This thesis proposed a new routing method for WSNs to extend network lifetime using a combination of a fuzzy approach and an A-star algorithm. The proposal is to determine an optimal routing path from the source to the destination by favoring the highest remaining battery power, minimum number of hops, and minimum traffic loads. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of balancing energy consumption and maximization of network lifetime, we compare our approach with the A-star search algorithm and fuzzy approach using the same routing criteria in two different topographical areas. Simulation results demonstrate that the network lifetime achieved by the proposed method could be increased to some extent than that obtained by the A-star algorithm and by the fuzzy approach..

[1]. K. Akkaya and M. Younis, "A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks," AdHoc Networks, vol. 3, pp. 325–349, 2005.
[2]. J.N. Al-Karaki and A.E. Kamal, "Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a Survey,"IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 11, pp. 6–28, 2004.
[3]. F. Aurenhammer and R. Klein, "Voronoi diagrams," in J. Sack and G. Urrutia, editors,Handbook of Computational Geometry, Elsevier Science Publishing, 2000.
[4]. F. Aurenhammer, "Voronoi diagrams: A survey of a fundamental geometric data structure," ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 23, pp. 345– 405, 1991.National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (AdultTreatment Panel III) Third report of the national cholesterol educationprogram (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of highblood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III) finalreport. Circulation. 2002;106(25, article 3143).

This paper gives a brief scenario regarding "Implementation Of Smart College Using Embedded System ". As we know that the demand of current era is "DIGITISATION" so we focused on technical basis in a innovative way of making campus digitized. The major aim of project is to ease the hectic schedule of student, faculty and administration department by using iot system. The basic idea is to have three systems namely account section, library section & attendance section. A Digital Campus system will allow student to automate all work student want to do on regular basis using one card.with the help of IoT, we develop Smartphone application on android phone to monitor and record all the data.

[1]. Developers guide designing and optimizing system software byAndrew n, Dominic sloss& Chris Wright
[2]. ARM System Embedded system Design by Peter Marvedel
[3]. KFYUPM smart campus & the role of RFID in academia: M. Wasim Rood
[4]. Advanced embedded system assisted GSM & RFID based school management system: V. Sivasankaran, S. Muruganand, AzhaPeriasamy
[5]. Web-Server based Student Attendance System using RFID Technology: Abdul Aziz Mohammed, JyothiKameswari UInternational Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue5- May 2013

Detection of color and separation of flower from background is important step toward detection of flower and it done with a fully automated system. Capturing of image and detection of flowers is done in single frame. After detection in the frame co-ordinate of every flower will be calculated. After detection of all flowers each flower is labeled on the bases of their centroid value. The co-ordinates of every flower are given to the robotic arm and the motors of the arm make the required movement for reaching to the flower. After that jaw hold and cut the stem of the flower and dropped it in the collection box.

[1]. PradeepkumarChoudhary, Rahul Khandekar, AakashBorkar, PunitChotaliya, "Image Processing Algorithm for Fruit Detection", International Rsearch Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2017, vol.4, issue:3, pp2741-2743.
[2]. AlirezaKhoshroo, ArmanArefi, Jalal Khodaei, "Detection of Red Tomato on Plants Using Image Processing Techniques", Agricultural Communications, ERAM PARS Scientific Publications, 2014, vol.2, issue:4, pp 9-11.
[3]. NeetikaBairwa, Navneet Kumar Agarwal, "Counting of Flower Using Image Processing", International Journal of Engineering research and Technology 2014, vol. 3, issue:9, pp 775-779.
[4]. Xiao Changyi, ZhengLihua, Li Minzan, Chen yuan, Mai Chunyan, "Apple Detection from Apple Tree Image Based on BP Neural Network and Hough Transform", Int J Agric&BiolEng, 2015, vol.8, no.6, pp 46-48.
[5]. SaifaliTamakuwala, JenishLavji, Rachna Patel, "Quality Identification of Tomato Using Image Processing Techniques", International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Data Communication, 2018, vol.6, issue:5, pp 67-68.

Internet of Things (IoT) is the internetworking of physical devices like vehicles, buildings, electronic devices, sensors, actuators etc. that are capable of communicating among themselves while as Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science in which a machine is equipped with the ability to mimic cognitive functions of a human or any being that is capable of cognitive thinking that can make decisions based on its past experiences. There is a clear intersection between the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). IoT is about connecting machines and making use of the data generated from those machines. AI is about simulating intelligent behavior in machines of all kinds. Clearly an overlap. As IoT devices will generate vast amounts of data, then...........

[1]. Patel KK, Patel SM (2016) Internet of Things-IoT: Definition, characteristics, architecture, enabling technologies, applications, and future challenges. International J of Engineering Science and Computing 6(5): 6122-6131.
[2]. Atzori L, Iera A, Morabito G (2010) The internet of things: A survey. Computer Networks 54(15): 2787-2805.
[3]. Sarma S, Brock D, Aston K (2000) The networked physical world. Proposals for engineering the next generation of computing, commerce and automatic identification. White Paper of the MIT Auto-ID Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
[4]. Ashton K (2009) That "Internet of Things‟ thing.
[5]. ITU: The Internet Executive Summary (2005) ITU Internet Reports

In modern world communication has becomes very easy because the integration of communication technologies with internet. But the deaf and dump people find difficult to useful this technology because 2.78%of the people in our country are not able to speak. The deaf &dumb people struggle in expressing their thoughts & feeling to the normal people. They are facing the various challenges to expressing their feeling to other people, so the Hand sign interpreter play a major role in the daily activities of human life which are helpful for deaf & dumb people to express their thoughts.

Keywords- hand sign interpreter, Impaired people, Gesture.

[1] Ajinkya Raut, Vineeta Singh, Vikrant Rajput, Ruchika Mahale, "Hand Sign Interpreter," IJES, Volume1, Issues2, ISSN: 2319 – 1813, Nov.2012, PP 19-25.
[2] Hanine El Hayek and Jessica Nacouzi, Abdallah Kassem, Mustapha Hamad and Sami El-Murr "Sign to letter trans letter system using hand glove," IEEE Sens. Journal, ISBN: 978-1-4799-3166-8, April.2014, pp 146-150.
[3] Io Mean Foong, Tan Jung Low, and Satrio Wibowo, "Hand Gesture Recognition Sign to Voice," Research gate., July.2014, pp26-30.
[4] V.Padmanabhan, M. Sornalatha, "Hand Gesture recognition and voice conversion system for dumb people," IJSER, Volume 5, Issue 5, May-2014, PP 427-431.
[5] Anagha J. Jadhav, Mandar P. Joshi, "Hand Gesture Recognition for speech impaired people," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Volume 3, Issues 7, July.2016, PP 1171–1175.

This paper gets a handle on medical image fusion (MIF) problems. These problems are simply known as image fusion problems. We can use RPCNN(Reduced Pulse coupled neural network)to provide better performance. The RPCNN linking dependents on fuzzy membership values. This value serves their significance in the analogous source image. The RPCNN has less complex structure key advantage of such structure is that RPCNN require a smaller number of parameters. The less complex structure and less parameter improve computational efficiency. This computational efficiency is important requirement of point-of-care (POC) health care technologies. The proposed scheme is free from the trivial defalcation of the modernization of MIF techniques: contrast reduction, loss of image fine details and unwanted image degradations etc.

Keywords: Artificial neural network, fuzzy logic, image analysis,image fusion (IF), medical imaging (MI).

[1]. B. Solaiman, R. Debon, F. Pipelier, J. M. Cauvin, and C. Roux, "Informationfusion: Application to data and model fusion for ultrasound image segmentation," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1171–1175, Oct. 1999.
[2]. V.Barra and J. Y.Boire, "Ageneral framework for the fusion of anatomicaland functional medical images," NeuroImage, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 410–424,2001.
[3]. S. Das andM. K. Kundu, "NSCT-based multimodal medical image fusion using pulse-coupled neural network and modified spatial frequency," Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., vol. 50, no. 10, pp. 1105–1114, 2012.
[4]. Z.Wang and Y. Ma, "Medical image fusion using m-PCNN," Inf. Fusion, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 176–185, Apr. 2008.
[5]. R. Eckhorn, H. J. Reitboeck, M. Arndt, and P. Dicke, "Feature linking via synchronization among distributed assemblies: Simulations of results from cat visual cortex," Neural Comput., vol. 2, pp. 293–307, 1990.

Now a days ,we see in manufacturing companies the requirement of zero defect PCB are increasing in the market. So that to meet such finished goods, industry has required adopting the automation because decision made by human manual inspection often involves subjective judgement. In this project we are using image processing in MATLAB to detect fault on bare PCB in real time and results are shown on a GUI using MATLAB program.

Keyword: Image processing, PCB, MATLAB, Defect Detection

[1]. Ibrahim et al., (2011).International Journal of Innovative Management, Information & Production ISME Internationalⓒ2011 ISSN 2185- 5439 Volume 3, Number 1, March 2011
[2]. Ismail Ibrahim, Syed Abdul Rahman, Syed Abu Bakar (2012), Printed circuit board inspection system with defect classification capability, International Journal of Innovative Management, Information & Production(2012)
[3]. Barbara Zitova and Jan Flusser,Image registration methods: a survey, Elsevier
[4]. H. Rau and C.H. Wu (2005), Automatic optical inspection for detecting defects on printed circuit board inner layers, Internat ional Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol.25, no.9-10, and pp.940-946.
[5]. S. Periaswamy and H. Farid (2006), Medical image registration with partial data, Medical Image AnalysisJournal, vol.10, no.3, pp.452- 464.

The paperelaborates the design implementation and experiments of Agrobot. The objective of projectis to create an agricultural robot whichwillperform all the basic farmingactivitieslikesowing, ploughing, and sprinkling. Farmingis a verytedious job to do. So, to make the activityeasierwe have developed an
Agricultural Robot whichwillperform all theseactivitieswithoutanyhumaninvolvement. Throughthiswe are aiming to achieve a highpercision and reliability in farmingactivities. Agro technologyis a process of applying the technology, innovation occuring in daily life and usingthat in agricultural sectorwhichimproves the efficiency and productivity of cropsproduced. It alsodevelops a bettermechanical machine to help agricultural fieldwhichreduces the amount of time of workspent on one crop

[1]. XueJinlin, Xu Liming, "Autonomous Agriculture Robot and its row guidance", International Conference on Measuring Technology, 2010.
[2]. Yan Li, Chunlei Xia, Jangmyung Lee, "Vision based pest detection and automatic spray in green house plant", International Symposium references, pp. 920-925.
[3]. A. Gollakota, AgribotSrinivas, "A Multipurpose agricultural robot", INDICON, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 16-18, 2011
[4]. Martin Holm Pedersen, Jens Lund Jensen "Autonomous agricultural robot" June 2011
[5]. Satish Kumar KN, SudeepCS,"Robots for Precision Agriculture (National Conference on Mechanisms and Machines-2007)"
[6]. Ankit Singh, Abhishek Gupta ,"Agrobot (International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering- 2015)"

Rapid advances in high voltage products are redefining the transmission system. Switchgear is a most important part of every substation and various advances has been taken for the efficient power transmission. This paper gives brief idea about the new technologies coming up into the market for the high voltage switchgear products in terms of their insulation mediums used and their operating mechanisms. This paper also discusses the current transmission capacity of India as per their regions and overlook in the transmission capacity after 5 years. By taking reference from various single line diagrams of different substations, paper gives idea about the number of switchgear products used according to the particular transformation capacity of substations and this may help to the manufacturers of high voltage switchgear products to estimate future demands for their products.

[1]. Wenxia Liu, Yicong Liu, ShuyaNiu and Zongqi Liu "Assessment Method for Substation Capacity Credit of Generalized Power Source Considering Grid Structure" Sustainability 2017, 9, 928; doi:10.3390/su9060928 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
[2]. S.K.Gayathiri, "Recent Trends in Power System", International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2017 ISSN 2250-3153
[3]. Raymond Lings, "Overview of Transmission Line Above 700KV", Inaugural IEEE PES 2005 Conference and Exposition in Africa Durban, South Africa, 11-15 July 2005
[4]. http://www.cea.nic.in/monthlyinstalledcapacity.html
[5]. Central Electricity Authority, National Transmission Plan 20 Year Transmission Perspective Transmission Plan Report

Increased demands for grains and agriculturalproducts have expedited the commercialization of agriculture in India. To support commercialization it is necessary to develop supporting advance technology for agricultural. More than 50 countries in the World are fully using green house technology for cultivation of crops on commercial scale. Monitor and control the green house different controller based system have been developed, to handle the system complexity, interfacing of number of sensors and networking with low power consumption it is necessary to develop advance processor based green house controller system.............

Key Words: ARM Controller, ZIGBEE Protocol, Isolationfor relay driver, Signal Conditioning

[1]. ‖Networked Embedded Greenhouse Monitoring and Control‖, DarkoStipanièev, Member, IEEE, MajaÈiæ and Jadranka Marasoviæ, Member, IEEE
[2]. Wireless Monitoring of the Green House System Using Embedded Controllers‖ Prof. V.M. Umale, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 2, February-2012.
[3]. Digitally Greenhouse Monitoring and Controlling of System based on Embedded System.‖ ,KiranSahu, Mrs. SusmitaGhoshMazumdar, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 1, January-2012.
[4]. A water –level controller for greenhouse sump tank‖, NingAn; Yu An, IEEE 15-17 July 2011.