The study aims at providing a comparative evaluation of the sealing and blocking efficiency of a novel LCM (Refined – Sawdust) and a conventional LCM (Calcium Carbonate), used by the oil and gas industry to combat loss of circulation problems in drilling operations. Refined – Sawdust was used as an LCM in water -based mud, in comparison with the loss control capability of other LCM (CaCO3). Results showed that there is no much difference between the plastic viscosity, funnel viscosity, yield point, gel strength and filter cake thickness exhibited by the conventional LCM and that exhibited by the refined – sawdust LCM. Also, the ability of the LCMs to seal off fractures in time and reduce fluid losses was influenced by the particle size of the LCMs. The results showed that the mud samples formulated with the composite LCM yielded the better results when compared with other mud samples prepared with a specific particle size of the same LCM........

Keywords: Drilling fluids, Mud, Drilling operations, Loss Circulation Materials LCM, Rheology, Permeable formation, Refined – Sawdust, Calcium Carbonate, Water – Based Mud, Filter Cake, Filtrate, fluid loss.

[1]. Agwu, O.E., Apkabio, J. U., and Archibong, G.W., (2019). Rice Husk and Sawdust as Filter Control Agents for Water – Based Mud". Heliyon, vol. 5, no. 7, p. e02059, Jul. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02059.
[2]. Ajiri, O., Ayuba, S., Obe, A., Alade, B. O., Ibrahim, K.S., and Gimba, A. (2024). "Use of Saw Dust and Coconut Fiber as Fluid Loss Control Additive for Water - Based Mud". Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, Volume 2, Issue 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/NJEAS.195229.
[3]. Akpabio, J., Oluwatoni, A.A. and Sarah, A.A., (2014) "Use of Crassotrea Virginica as Lost Circulation Material in Water Based Drilling Mud", International Journal of Engineering And TECHNOLOGY, VOLUME 4, NO.2 February.
[4]. Ali, I., Ahmad, M., and Ganat, T.A. (2022). "Experimental Study on Water- Based Mud: Investigate Rheology and Filtration Properties Using Cupressus cones Powder". J Pet Explor Prod Technol. 12(10): 2699-709.
[5]. Alsaba, M., and Nygard, R., (2014) "Lost Circulation Materials Compatibility of Sealing Wide Fractures", SPE-170285-MS, SPE Drilling Conference, Galveston, Texas, 10-11September.

Vessel blowdown is common in industrial processes and can take place under a variety of operating conditions. Basically, it consists of the discharge of a pressurized tank or circuit, containing gas (or vapor), liquid or both. It is of interest the characterization of the transient leading to the complete (or, at least, partial) discharge of the content. This paper considers a tank partially filled with a liquid, which is discharged by suitable pressurization of the gas on the top. A simple model is developed to describe a slow discharge (quasi-steady approximation). The equations are formulated in dimensionless form to identify and discuss the influence of the major parameters affecting physics and dictating the engineering design of the process. The discharge of a gas- pressurized vessel is simulated, and the effect of the relevant parameters is represented graphically. Besides, the effect of the liquid on the gas temperature is taken into consideration. Eventually, the generalization of the proposed model to non-ideal operating conditions, involving e.g. friction, lack of equilibrium, etc., is discussed.

Keywords: Blowdown; Pressurized Vessel; Liquid Drainage; Tank Discharge.

[1] J.D. Moore, Pressure vessel priming analysis for a regulated liquid propulsion system, Propulsion and Power Research, 9(2), 2020, 101-115.
[2] G. Harrell, Boiler blowdown energy recovery, Energy Engineering, 101(5), 2015, 32-42.
[3] G.P. Sutton, and O. Biblarz, Rocket propulsion elements (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2001).
[4] U. Shafiq, A.M. Shariff, M. Babar, Abulhassan A., and M. A. Bustam, A review on modeling and simulation of blowdown from pressurized vessels and pipelines, Process Safety and Environmental protection, 133, 2020, 104-123.
[5] D.A. Crowl, Liquid discharge from process and storage vessels, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 5(2), 1992, 73-80.

Effective production forecasting is essential for optimizing operations and aligning production with market demand. This study investigates the application of artificial intelligence, specifically artificial neural networks (ANN), to enhance production forecasting accuracy. The research focuses on the El-Waha factory, analyzing data from 2022 to 2023. By employing ANN, the study achieved a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.67% and an index of agreement (d) of 1.00, reflecting highly accurate forecasting performance. These results underscore the potential of artificial intelligence in improving production planning and decision-making processes, demonstrating that ANN can significantly enhance forecasting precision and operational efficiency.

Keywords: Production Forecasting, Production Management, Artificial Intelligence, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Mean Absolute Percentage Error, index agreement.

[1]. Dileep R. S "Production planning and industrial scheduling" second edition 2008.
[2]. J. Scott Armstrong "PRINCIPLES OF FORECASTING: A Handbook for Researchers and Practitioners" first edition 2001.
[3]. Development of ANN Models for Demand Forecasting"Arvind Jayant" December 2017.
[4]. MISHRA P.*, SAHU P.K., PADMANABAN K., VISHWAJITH K.P. AND DHEKALE B.S."STUDY OF INSTABILITY AND FORECASTING OF FOOD GRAIN PRODUCTION IN INDIA" June 18, 2015.
[5]. P. Mishra1, P.K. Sahu2, Monika Devi3, Chellai Fatih4 and A.J. Williams5 Forecasting of Rice Production using the Meteorological Factor in Major States in India and its Role in Food Security/ Paper No. 881/ Revised: 27-02-2021/ Accepted: 13-03-2021/ IJAEB: 14, March 2021.

This paper explores the brachistochrone problem for several curves. Throughout the paper, we find the time taken by an object of any mass to travel from the initial position (1, 0) to the final position (0, 1) through any curve. Finding a generalized integral time formula applicable to all curves of the form y = f (x), we further apply the formula to a line and the following conic sections - parabola of form y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + by + c, , circle of the form (x − a)2 + (y − b) = r2 , ellipse with x and y as major axes, and hyperbola with x and y as major axis. The parabola with equation x = ay2 + by + c was found to be the curve of fastest descent among all the conic sections.

[1]. Mohammed Lufti, H. E. "The Effect of Gravitational Field on Brachistochrone Problem". Phys: Conf. Ser. 1028 012060
[2]. Kurilin, Alexander"Brachistochrone and Sliding with Friction". Reseach Gate: 10.48550/arXiv.2305.18345
[3]. Esam H. Abdul-Hafidh "A new approach to solve the Brachistochrone problem by constructing a lattice unit cell" Heliyon, Volume 8, Issue 12, 2022, e11994, ISSN 2405-8440
[4]. "Brachistochrone curve", Wikipedia, 23 June 2024
[5]. Desmos, Amherst, 2011