Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Security issues of Power line Communications
Country	::	Sudan
Authors	::	Abdelraheem Mohamed Elkhalifa ||, Dr. abdelrasoul jabar alzubaidi
Page No.	::	01-06
	::	10.9790/3021-031230106
	::	0.4/3021-031230106
		3021-0312-0306

This paper provides discussion of security issues for power line communications (PLC) networks and we put forth several security requirements needed for that network. Security is a major issue for the deployment of local area networks in companies, where the development of IP telephony applications is sustained. In such a background, it is essential to have reliable security mechanisms to avoid unauthorized listening to communications. This power line communications represents an exceptionally promising alternative for high-speed Internet access and data networking. The communications medium has been well studies and standardization of the technologies are undergoing. The home network based on power line communication has been used widely however security of PLC has not been discussed sufficiently and not well studies and there is an urgent need for that. Though PLC uses power line as medium it has similar characterizes with wireless communications in the view of security. The authentication and cryptographic scheme used in PLC standard are discussed. Also the usage of Intrusion Detection system (IDS) for PLC is discussed.

 

Keywords: - Security, Authentication, authorizations, server, Intrusion Detection, modem, Power line communi cation.

[1] Homeplug Alliance, Http://.homeplug.org.
[2] HD-PLC whitepaper, http://www.hd-plc.org

[3] Xavier Carcelle, Power Line Communications in Practice [3] J. Anatory University of Dodoma, Tanzania& N. Theethayi Bombardier Transportation, Sweden

[4] Broadband Power-line Communication Systems THEORY & APPLICATIONS

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Secured remote switching dc motors
Country	::	Sudan
Authors	::	Elsanosy Mohamed Elamin ||, Abdirasoul Jabar Alzubaidi
Page No.	::	07-10
	::	10.9790/3021-031230710
	::	0.4/3021-031230710
		3021-0312-0310

The notion of this work is to make use of GSM network to provide users mobility facility to support them while moving. The system is structured into three main parts: GSM network, controlling software, and boost circuits. The GSM network acts as low cost tool to aid in developing the system to cope with the upgrading requirements. The switching of motors is only performed by an authorized users. So that a controlling software used to strengthen the security feature to assist in preventing the system against unauthorized users. Besides, the controlling signal that transmitted by a distant user up to the controlling software is of TTL level nature. Therefore, different levels of boost circuits employed to assist in enhancing the signal level to be adequate to drive the motors.

 

Keywords: - dc motor, DTMF, GSM network, mobile station.

[1] CM888 datasheet, California micro devices corp., 2000
[2] Jukka Lempiäinen, Matti Manninen, Radio interface system planning for GSM/GPRS/UMTS, (New York, 2002).
[3] Renesas Technology Corp., HD74LS373 Octal D-Type Transparent latches, (Rev.2.11, 2005).
[4] L293D quadrature half h-drivers, (Texas instruments inc. 2004).
[5] Praphul C, Bulletproof wireless security, ( Elsevier Inc. 2005).

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Framework for Collaborative Application in Mobile Ad-hoc Network
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Mr. Hardik S. Mehta ||, Dr. Dhaval R. Kathiriya
Page No.	::	11-13
	::	10.9790/3021-031231113
	::	0.4/3021-031231113
		3021-0312-0313

With increase usage of mobile devices, there is a need to connect them together in meaningful way. Specifically, there a demand of application that enables collaboration among these mobile devices and their users. The users have different need and different way to collaborate using collaborative application while carrying the mobile devices. If developing time for a new application is too long then, it will most probably out of date by the time is will finished. This paper opens up with research motivations and questions, analyses the existing state of research in the field with their problem, and describes the approach in designing the proposed framework.

 

Index Terms: - Collaborative Application; Framework Designing; Functional Requirements; Mobile Ad-hoc Network;

[1] Brinck, Tom's CSCW and Groupware Page, http://www.infres.enst.fr/~vercken/multicast/cscw.html
[2] [Baecker93] Baecker, R., "Readings in Groupware and Computer Supported Cooperative Work", Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo CA, ISBN 1-55860-241-0, 1993
[3] [Duchamp92] Duchamp, D., "Issues in Wireless Mobile Computing", Proc. Third Workshop on Workstation Operating Systems, Key Biscayne, Florida, U.S.A., pp 2-10, 1992
[4] http://www.cs.rit.edu/~anhinga/
[5] http://www.iks.inf.ethz.ch/projects/Jadabs

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Comarison and Analysis of Simulators for Ad hoc Wireless Networks
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Mr. Nirav Bhatt ||, Dr. Dhaval Kathiriya
Page No.	::	14-22
	::	10.9790/3021-031231422
	::	0.4/3021-031231422
		3021-0312-0322

Wireless networks are one of the best field for research unlike wired networks. In ad hoc wireless networks to evaluate the performance and behavior of various routing strategies & protocols, simulators are very good compromises between cost and complexities as well as accuracy of the results. Since there are many simulators available for ad hoc wireless networks, it is often difficult to decide which simulator to choose. The paper contains survey about simulators supporting in ad hoc wires networks. It aims to find a simulator which would help the researchers to develop and analyze various strategies and models in a reliable and easier way. We do not focus on the correlation of the individual simulation results, but try to compare the simulators from feature and usability point of view unlike other simulator comparison.

 

Index Terms: - Ad hoc wireless networks, Simulations, OPNET Modeler, NS-2, J-Sim, OMNET++.

[1] S. Mehta, Niamat Ullah, Md. Humaun Kabir. A Case Study of Networks Simulation Tools for Wireless Networks. Third Asia International Conference on Modeling & Simulation in 2009.

[2] J. Lessmann, P. Janacik, L. Lachev. Comparative Study of Wireless Network Simulators. The Seventh International Conference on Networking, 2008.

[3] S. V. Mallapur, S.R. Patil, Survey on Simulation Tools for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. International Journal of Computer Networks and Wireless Communications (IJCNWC), 2012.

[4] E. Egea-Lopez, J. Vales-Alonso, A. Martinez Sala. Simulation Scalability Issues in Wireless Sensor Networks. IEEE Communications Magazine. July 2006.

[5] S. Duflos, G. L. Grand, A. A. Diallo, C. Chaudet. List of Available and Suitable Simulation Components. Technical report, Ecole Nationale Supieure des Tommunications (ENST), September – 2006

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	The Homotopy Perturbation Method for Solving the Kuramoto –Sivashinsky Equation
Country	::	Iraq
Authors	::	Fadhil H. Easif ||, Saad A. Manaa ||, Majeed A. Yousif
Page No.	::	23-27
	::	10.9790/3021-031232327
	::	0.4/3021-031232327
		3021-0312-0327

The approximate solutions for the Kuramoto –Sivashinsky Equation are obtained by using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The numerical example show that the approximate solution comparing with the exact solution is accurate and effective and suitable for this kind of problem.

 

Keywords: - Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM); Kuramoto –Sivashinsky Equation .

[1] J.H. He, Homotopy perturbation technique, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 178, 1999,257-262 [2] J.H. He, Homotopy perturbation method: a new nonlinear analytical technique, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 135, 2003,73-79

[3] J.H. He,Homotopy perturbation method for solving boundary value problems, Physics Letters A, 30(12), 2003,87-88.

[4] J.H. He, The homotopy perturbation method for nonlinear oscillators with discontinuities, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 151(1) ,2004, 287-292.

[5] J.H. He, A coupling method of a homotopy technique and a perturbation technique for non-linear problems, International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, 35(1), 2000, 37-43.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Successive Approximation Method for Nonlinear Diffusion Equation with Convection
Country	::	Iraq
Authors	::	Saad A. Manaa ||, Fadhil H. Easif ||, Bewar A. Mahmood
Page No.	::	28-31
	::	10.9790/3021-031232831
	::	0.4/3021-031232831
		3021-0312-0331

Non liner diffusion equation with convection solved numerically using successive approximation method. Numerical example showed that (SAM) can solve this kind of models also comparing with the exact solution showed that SAM accurate and efficient method as shown in table (1) and figures (1-2)..

 

Keywords: - Diffusion equation with convection term, Successive approximation method.

[1] F. Brauer and J. A Nohel, Ordinary Differential Equations,( a First Course, 2nd edition, W. A. Benjamin, INC. London, 1973). [2] L.Debnath, Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and Engineers, (Birkhauser, Boston, ,1997).

[3] A. J., Jerri, Introduction To Integral Equations With Applications, (Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York and Basel,1985) .

[4] R. Cherniha and M. Servo, Lie and non-lie symmetries of nonlinear diffusion equations with convection term, Symmetry in Nonlinear Mathematical Physics, 2,1997, 444-449.

[5] R. K., Saeed, Computational methods for solving system of linear Volterra and integro-differential equations, Ph.D. Thesis, Salahaddin University/Erbil, Iraq, 2006.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Third Order Current-Mode Filter Realization using CMOS Current-Mirror
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Manveen S. Chadha ||, Ashish Gupta ||, Amendra Bhandari ||, Agha A. Husain
Page No.	::	32-39
	::	10.9790/3021-031233239
	::	0.4/3021-031233239
		3021-0312-0339

In this paper, we have presented an approach to realize third order current-mode filters using CMOS current-mirrors with two different techniques. This paper presents the realization of third-order low-pass (LP) active current-mode filters using cascade technique of lossy and lossless integrators. Another important technique is the active realization of third-order low-pass filter that has been derived from the passive ladder-RLC Leapfrog filter structure. Interest in current-mode (CM) filters has been growing due to the fact that current-mode devices have wider dynamic range, improved linearity, and extended bandwidth as compared to their voltage-mode counterparts. In the sub-micron era of semi-conductor technology, the minute structure of devices causes a high electric field and thus the power supply voltage is limited to a certain low value to protect the device from destruction. Current-mode signal processing is quite attractive for operation at high frequencies and low power supply voltage operation from the viewpoint of sub-micron era. The realized filters do not contain any resistors, therefore simplifying the pattern of integrated circuits and thus reducing the chip area and the cost. The proposed circuits presented in the paper were tested in SPICE using 0.5μm CMOS process parameters provided by MOSIS (AGILENT) and the results thus obtained were in accordance with the theoretical values.

 

Keywords: – Continuous-time current-mode filters, Current Adders and Integrators, CMOS Current-Mirrors, Third Order Filters, Cascade realization, Leapfrog filter.

[1] R. J. Angulo, and E. S. Sinencio, Active compensation of operational transconductance amplifier using partial positive feedback, IEEE J. of Solid-state Circuits, 25, 1990, 1024-1028.

[2] J. C. Ahn, and N. Fujii, Current-mode continuous-time filters using complementary current mirror pairs, IEICE Trans Fundamentals, E79-A(2), 1996, 168-175.

[3] R. J. Angulo, M. Robinson, and E. S. Sinencio, Current-mode continuous-time filters: two design approaches, IEEE Tran. On Circuits and Systems, 39(5), 1992, 337-341.

[4] S. S. Lee, R. H. Zele, D. J. Allstot, and G. Liang, A continuous-time current-mode integrator, IEEE Trans. On Circuits and Systems, 39, 1991, 1236-1238.

[5] S. S. Lee, R. H. Zele, D. J. Allstot, and G. Liang, CMOS continuous-time current-mode filters for high frequency applications, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, 28(3), 1993, 323-329

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Automatic Construction of Finite Automata for Online Recognition of User Activities in Smart Environments
Country	::	India
Authors	::	H. Karamath Ali ||,, Dr. D. I. George Amalarethinam
Page No.	::	40-45
	::	10.9790/3021-031234045
	::	0.4/3021-031234045
		3021-0312-0345

Recognizing user activities unobtrusively is very important for offering context aware services in pervasive computing environments. Because of their ability to classify given inputs in a simple and efficient manner, Finite State Machine (FSM)s have good potential to be used for recognizing user activities. However, the manual construction of FSMs in the existing methods require a domain expert with enough insight to dissect the activity of interest into an FSM. Obviously, this requirement imposes huge burden on the experts when constructing FSMs for recognizing activities that are not so repetitive in nature. In this paper, we propose a method for automatic construction of an FSM that can be used to recognize user activities in real time. The proposed method gives promising results when tested with publicly available smart home datasets.

 

Keywords: - Activity Recognition, Activities of Daily Living, Finite Automata, Online recognition, Pervasive Computing.

[1] Liming Chen and Ismail Khalil, Activity Recognition : Approaches, Practices and Trends, Chapter 1, Activity Recognition in Pervasive Intelligent Environments, (Atlantis Press, 2011), pp. 1-29,.

[2] Oscar D Lara and Miguel A Labrador, A Survey of Human Activity Recognition using wearable sensors, IEEE Communications Survey and Tutorials, Volume 15, Issue 3, November, 2012.

[3] H. Karamath Ali and D.I. George Amalarethinam, Activity Recognition with Multi tape Fuzzy Finite Automata, International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science, pp 60-67, June 2013.

[4] Tim van Kasteren, AthanasiosNoulas, Gwenn Englebienne and Ben Kr¨ose, Accurate Activity Recognition in a Home Setting, Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Ubiquitous computing, pp 1-9, 2008.

[5] Sanchez, D.; Tentori, M.; Favela, J., Activity Recognition for the Smart Hospital, IEEE Intelligent Systems, Volume: 23, Issue: 2, pp. 50 – 57, March-April 2008.

Paper Type	::	Review Paper
Title	::	A Review on Mutual Coupling in Antenna Arrays and Decoupling Methods in MRI Antenna Arrays
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Lakshmi.C.R
Page No.	::	46-49
	::	10.9790/3021-031234649
	::	0.4/3021-031234649
		3021-0312-0349

Antenna arrays plays an important role in improving various characteristics of antenna arrays.The mutual coupling between antenna arrays is an undesirable effect which degrades the performance of many array signal processing algorithm. Many compensation techniques have been proposed to overcome such effects. The effectiveness of various methods largely depends on applications in which arrays were implemented. This paper mainly focus on a review on various papers involving mutual coupling and decoupling methods in MRI antenna arrays. This review will help in providing a comparison between various decoupling methods and does provide some help for future research in order to provide various problems existing in these areas.

 

Keywords: - Antenna arrays, decoupling, mutual coupling method, magnetic resonance imaging, mutual impedence, phased antenna arrays,

[1]. A. C. Ludwig, "Mutual coupling, gain, and directivity of an array of two identical antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 837–841, 1976.
[2]. I. J. Gupta and A. A. Ksienski, "Effect of mutual coupling on the performance of adaptive arrays," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 785–791, 1983.

[3]. J. A. G. Malherbe, "Analysis of a linear antenna array including the effects of mutual coupling," IEEE Transactionson Education, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 29–34, 1989.
[4]. C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory-Analysis and Design, JohnWiley& Sons, New York, NY, USA, 3rd edition, 2005.
[5]. S. Stein, "On cross coupling in multiple-beam antennas," IRE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 10, no. 5, pp.548–557, 1962.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Implementation Of The Health And Safety Document In Buliding Construction Work In The South West Geo-Political Region Of Nigeria
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Dr I. H .Mshelgaru ||, Esan M.T ||, Adeleke J.S ||, Buari T.A
Page No.	::	50-58
	::	10.9790/3021-031235058
	::	0.4/3021-031235058
		3021-0312-0358

In both developed and developing countries, the construction industry is considered to be one of the most significant industries in terms of its impact on Health and Safety of the working population. The construction industry is both economically and socially important. However, the construction industry is recognized to be the most hazardous. The objective of this research is to investigate the level of implementation of Health and Safety document in construction work in the south-west region of Nigeria. Data were collected from Building construction firms using questionnaires. A total of 60 questionnaires were distributed to respondents, with a response rate of 95%. The results show that the level of awareness of construction firms in the region is very high yet accidents still occur on daily basis on the construction sites due to certain constraints such as cost of employing trained personnel, lack of proper supervision by enforcement officer, non compliance with safety rules and lack of law put in place to sanction workers that are not compliant with the documents. The study recommends that the owners should ensure that he educate his employee on safety training on how the Health and Safety document is expected to be used on site. Health and Safety document should be promoted among the construction professionals by incorporating it as part of the conditions for approval of construction work. Government at all levels should ensure that there are proper monitoring and supervision by enforcement officer with strong terms of punishment for those who make safety violations.

 

Keywords: - Implementation, Health and Safety Document, Building Project

[1] Akinsola,(2009) Identifying Root Causes of Construction Accidents. Journal of Construction Management. 128(3); 52-60
[2] Benjamin (2001) Linking Construction fatalities to the Design for Construction Safety Science 43 (8): 589-611.
[3] Bokini, S.K (1999) Give the art of Safety awareness, accident prevention a newlook (unpublished) pp 1,3,9.
[4] Clugh (1979) Effect of Creative Thinking on OHS Committees. Journal of Occupation Health and Safety.
[5] Fryer et all (2004) The practice of Construction Management, Second edition BPS Professional books. A division of Blackwell Scientific Publications Limited.
[6] Fellows, R. and Liu, A. (1997) Research Methods for Construction Black Science Ltd United
Kingdom.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Analysis and Simulation of Contact Stresses of Convex Punch
Country	::	Jordan
Authors	::	Sayel M. Fayyad
Page No.	::	59-67
	::	10.9790/3021-031235967
	::	0.4/3021-031235967
		3021-0312-0367

This paper presents a modeling and simulation of calculating contact stresses using fractal geometry and solidworks utilities. The problem is treated in two approaches: in the first approach, the problem taking into account the existence of friction between the convex punch and the flat surface while the other by neglecting the effects of friction between the two contact surfaces with presence of heat effects. It is found that the deformation with friction is higher than the deformation without friction from numerical simulation.

 

Keywords:- contact stresses, convex punch, solidworks, simulation, friction, deformation.

[1]. Abuzeid, O. M 2002. Fractal Model of a Linear Thermoelastic Contact Between Flat Rough Surfaces Based on Cantor Structure. Sixth International conference on production & design for development- PEDD6, Cairo.
[2]. Abuzeid, O. M. 1997. Theoretical Analysis and Numerical Applications of the Contact Between Two Elastic Bodies Under Compression. Ph.D. Thesis, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
[3]. Abuzeid, O. M. 2002. A linear Thermo-Visco-Elastic Creep Model for the Contact of Nominal Surfaces Based on Fractal Geometry :Kelvin-Voigt Medium. In t.J. Solides Structure, 25(1): 25-30.
[4]. Abuzeid, O. M. 2003. Linear Visco-Elastic Creep Model for the Contact of the Nominal Surfaces Based on Fractal Geometry: Maxwell type medium. Dirasat, Engineering Sciences, 30(1): 30-35.
[5]. Arthur, P. B. and Omar, M. S. Advance Mechanics of Materials, 4th edition. Plenum press, New York, USA

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Extrusion Diagonal Loaded of Centered Hole Sheet Metal Simulation and Analysis
Country	::	Jordan
Authors	::	Sayel M. Fayyad ||, Ibrahim Edwan ||, Waleed Momani ||, Suleiman Abu-Ein
Page No.	::	68-71
	::	10.9790/3021-031236871
	::	0.4/3021-031236871
		3021-0312-0371

This paper presents a simulation and analysis to diagonal load affects on aluminum centered hole sheet metal stress and strain distributions and also deformations are distinguished. Many applications of metal forming included diagonal loading of such case. In many manufacturing processes this case is applied. Solidworks is used here to analyze such loads and their effects. It is found that the stress and the strain have maximum values at the fixed edge while the displacement has maximum values at the free end of the plate.

 

Keywords: - centered-hole metal sheet, deformation, diagonal loads, simulation strain, stress.

[1]. P.F. Zheng, L.C. Chan, T.C. Lee, 2005, Numerical analysis of the sheet metal extrusion process, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 42 (2005) 189–207

[2]. J. R. RICE, 1968, A Path Independent Integral and the Approximate Analysis of Strain Concentration by Notches and Cracks, Journal of Applied Mechanics, vol. 35, pp. 379-386, 1968.

[3]. Jawad Ahmed Jadoon1 and Irfan A. Manarvi (2011), Wrinkling in Aluminum Sheet under Bi-Axial Loading using Finite Element Analysis, International Journal Of Multidisciplinary Sciences And Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 5, August 2011.

[4]. Phung Ngoc Dung, André Plumier, Behaviour of Expanded Metal Sheets under Shear Loading, Department of Construction, Hanoi Architectural University, Viet Nam KM N°10, Nguyen Trai Street, Ha Noi, Viet Nam, Email : Dung.PhungNgoc@student.ulg.ac.be, A.Plumier@ulg.ac.be

[5]. J.W. Hancock, A.C. Mackenzie, On the mechanisms of ductile failure in high-strength steels subjected to multi-axial stress-states, J. Mech. Phys. Solids 24 (1976) 147–169