Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Role of Yoga and Meditation In The Empowerment of Women ; an Ethical Perspective
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Dr. Rekha Ojha
Page No.	::	01-05
	::	10.9790/3021-03410105
		0.4/3021-03410105
		3021-0304-0105

Role of Yoga and Meditation in the Empowerment of Women Today, many people are taking up Yoga techniques for physical exercise, and most don‟t know the history of yoga. They believe there is nothing wrong with implementing this form of exercise into their daily regiment to promote a more healthy body. However, the practice of yoga is much more then a system of physical exercise to health. Yoga is more a path of spiritual growth. The focus of this paper will be highlight power of meditation which can empower women, it will also bring up the issue of how we perceive our sexuality and our gender characteristics, and how their does and does not affect our true spiritual ideality. The paper will give more insight into the gender biases prevent in the society and also focus on the power of meditation in empowering women.

 

Keywords: Gender, women, sexuality, spirituality, meditation, empowerment. Role of yoga in the empowerment of women: An ethical perspective

[1]. "Yogini the Enlightent Women" (http://www.vedanet com/Indes. PhP? Option = can – content a task = view id = 55 d itemid = 2 http://www.vedant.com/indes php?
[2]. Gates, Janice, Yogini : The power of women, 2006, Mandala Publishing, P-3.
[3]. Dr. Swami Shankardevanda Sarawati. The importance of Shakti, Yoga Magazine, May 1999, London England.
[4]. K.Gill, Hindu women‟s property in India, New Delhi; Deep and Deep publications 1986) P 17.
[5]. As quoted by A.S Altekar, The position of women in Hindu Civlilzation (Delhi Motilal Banarasidass 2nd edn 1983) P.316

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Design of Low Cost Interactive Multi-Touch Table With Rfid Technology for Hotels
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Rajat Verma
Page No.	::	06-16
	::	10.9790/3021-03410616
		0.4/3021-03410616
		3021-0304-0116

With the introduction of multi-touch, a new form of human computer interaction is introduced. Due to recent innovations multi-touch technology has become affordable. Unlike interaction on a desktop computer multi-touch allows multiple users to interact with the same device at the same time. To demonstrate the vast possibilities of multi-touch technologies an "interactive RFID-based Multi-touch Device' can be constructed which can be utilised in a hotel. The objective of the project is to enhance the customer‟s dining experience and to provide an enjoyable and user friendly interface thereby reducing human effort and time. The multi-touch table constructed is a camera based multi-touch device which is designed using front-side illumination technique. Card associated with a RFID tag will be used, priced to a specific amount which is issued to the customer at the reception desk. Each order table at the restaurant will have a multi-touch device along with the RFID reader. Customer can now interact with the multi-touch device by showing his RFID card and place an order by selecting from the menu displayed on the order table. This project proposes the methodology of designing an interactive system along with applications to verify the effectiveness of the same.

 

Keywords: multi-touch, RFID, interactive, front-side illumination

[1]. Han, J.: Low-cost multi-touch sensing through frustrated total internal reflection. In: UIST ‟05: Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology, New York, ACM Press (2005) 115–118.
[2]. RFID :A Technical Overview and its application to the enterprise by Ron Weinstein.
[3]. Jefferson Y.Han Multi-touch Interaction wall In Siggraph ‟06:ACM Siggraph 2006 Emerging technologies.
[4]. Jazz Mutant .Lemur Input Device.2006
[5]. Didier Brun .Mouse Gesture Recognition 2007 URL http://www.bytearray.org/?p=91

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Simulation Aspects of Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator in Power System
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Kusum Arora ||, S.K. Agarwal ||, Narendra kumar ||, Dharam Vir
Page No.	::	17-26
	::	10.9790/3021-03411726
		0.4/3021-03411726
		3021-0304-0124

The Thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) is one of the important members of FACTS family that is increasingly applied with long transmission lines by the utilities in modern power systems. It can have various roles in the operation and control of power systems, such as scheduling power flow; decreasing unsymmetrical components; reducing net loss; providing voltage support; limiting short-circuit currents; mitigating sub synchronous resonance; damping the power oscillation and enhancing transient stability control of power systems, systems and procedures are used to compensate dynamically the detrimental effect of nonlinear loads. The compensation process should be carried out without important alteration of the signal quality along with some benefits like reduction of losses in distribution lines, harmonic content minimization and power factor improvement. The dynamic behavior of industrial load requires the use of that compensator which can be adapted to the load changes. Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) is an important FACTS device which has been used in power system transmission networks; these few aspects of the TCSC operation which we are simulating in ORCAD and MATLAB (i) To calculate the various resonance points in the impedance characteristics of the TCSC w.r.t. various firing angle. (ii) Contribution of the TCSC to power system operation and control system and study by implementing the TCSC in small power model of power system using ORCAD and MATLAB.

 

Keywords: FACTS, Series Compensator, TCSC, Thyristor, MATLAB.

[1]. Y.H. Song, "Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS)", the Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, 1999.
[2]. H.F. Wang, F.J. Swift, "A unified model of FACTS devices in damping power system oscillations part-1": single-machine infinite-bus power systems, IEEE.
[3]. Sidhartha Panda, N.P. Padhy, Comparison of particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm for FACTS-based controller design, Appl. Soft Computing.
[4]. N.G. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi "Understanding FACTS Concept and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems",IEEE Press.
[5]. N.Christl, R.Heddin, K.Sadek, Plutzelbergger (Siemens AG) – Germany & P.E. Krause, S.M.McKenna, A.H.Montoya , D.Torgerson (United States) – United States "Advanced Series Compensation(ASC) with Thyristor Controlled Impedance", CIGRE 3.5 Rue De Metz 75010 Paris – 14/37/38-05.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Simultaneous Attainment of Low Fuel Consumption, High Output Power and Low Exhaust Emissions in a Preheated Fuel Of 350cc Si Engine
Country	::	India
Authors	::	A.N.Basavaraju ||, Dr.Joseph Gonsalvis ||, Dr.B.Yogesh
Page No.	::	27-34
	::	10.9790/3021-03412734
		0.4/3021-03412734
		3021-0304-0134

This paper describes simultaneous attainment in improving fuel consumption, output and reducing HC and CO Emissions with a preheated direct injection SI engine. In the present work, many modifications were made for the developed direct fuel injection system. The performance of the 350 cc Bullet engine under all modification is compared with an objective to achieve better power and emission characteristics with the latter. The complete atomization of fuel is necessary to achieve proper mixing that is, the mixture can be homogenous. To achieve this the atomization of fuel is done by using preheating the fuel before it is ignited by the nozzle thus the fuel preheated atomizes well compared to cooler fuel. The present work gives way for improvement of performance of the engine. For motorcycle application, a central injection, spray guided DI combustion may offer the characteristics required to meet many of challenges of this difficult application. To demonstrate the potential of such an application, a 350cc engine has been developed using an air-assist DI spray guided significant fuel economy improvements when compared to the baseline carbureted engine, as well as potential to meet current and future emission legislations with a variety of system configurations.

 

Key words: petrol injection, heat exchanger, carburetion, preheater, fuel injector, fuel pump

[1] Dr. N.K. Giri, Automobile Mechanics, Khanna publications 8th edition.
[2] Kirpal Singh, Automobile Engineering, Standard publishers & Distributors,
[3] K. Mahadevan& k. Balaveera Reddy, Design Data Hand Book for Mechanical Engineers, 3rd edition.
[4] M.L.Mathur and R.P. Sharma, Internal Combustion Engine, DhanpathRai& Sons 8th edition.
[5] www.howstuffworks.com

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Trusted Securtiy Model In Wireless Sensor Network Using Tarf
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Selvi.K ||,Ms.S.Vidhushavarshini
Page No.	::	35-42
	::	10.9790/3021-03413542
		0.4/3021-03413542
		3021-0304-0142

The multi-hop routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) offers little protection against identity deception through replaying routing information. An adversary can exploit this defect to launch various harmful or even devastating attacks against the routing protocols, including sinkhole attacks, wormhole attacks and Sybil attacks. The situation is further aggravated by mobile and harsh network conditions. Traditional cryptographic techniques or efforts at developing trust-aware routing protocols do not effectively address this severe problem. To secure the WSNs against adversaries misdirecting the multi-hop routing, that has been designed and implemented TARF, a robust trust-aware routing framework for dynamic WSNs. Without tight time synchronization or known geographic information, This project provides trustworthy, time efficient and energy-efficient route. Most importantly, TARF proves effective against those harmful attacks developed out of identity deception; the resilience of TARF is verified through extensive evaluation with both implementation and empirical experiments on large-scale WSNs under various scenarios including mobile and RF-shielding network conditions.

 

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs), Trusted Aware Routing Framework (TARF) TinyOS.

[1]. Guoxing Zhan, Weisong Shi, "Design and Implementation of TARF: Trust-Aware Routing Framework for WSNs" IEEE Transactions On Dependable And Secure Computing, vol. 9, no. 2, March/April 2012
[2]. G. Zhan, W. Shi, and J. Deng, "Tarf: A Trust-Aware Routing Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks," Proc. Seventh European Conf. Wireless Sensor Networks (EWSN '10), 2010.
[3]. A. Wood and J. Stankovic, "Denial of Service in Sensor Networks," Computer, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 54-62, Oct. 2002.
[4]. I. Krontiris, T. Giannetsos, and T. Dimitriou, "Launching a Sinkhole Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks; The Intruder Side," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Comm. (WIMOB '08), pp. 526-531, 2008.
[5]. L. Zhang, Q. Wang, and X. Shu, "A Mobile-Agent-Based Middleware for Wireless Sensor Networks Data Fusion,"

Paper Type	::	Review Paper
Title	::	Face Databases for 2D and 3D Facial Recognition: A Survey
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Jatav R.Senthilkumar ||, Dr.R.K.Gnanamurthy
Page No.	::	43-48
	::	10.9790/3021-03414348
		0.4/3021-03414348
		3021-0304-0148

This paper presents a detailed case study of different face databases frequently used for face recognition and object recognition. The simple face database developed at AT & T lab contains 40 subjects each with 10 images. The database was collected by AT & T lab and it has the subjects of different pose and facial expressions. The yale database contains 15 subjects each with 11 images. The facial recognition technology database contain more than 4,000 both gray scale and colour images. Different 2D face recognition algorithms used this database for their performance comparison. The cmu pie and multi-pie databases were developed for testing the performance of different video and still face recognition algorithms. The photometric stereo (PS) is a method to rapidly estimate the three-dimensional geometry of a face (or any other Lambertian-like object) using several images with an identical viewpoint but varied illumination directions. This paper work help to select appropriate face databases for both video face and still face recognition and also it gives an idea about selection of databases for 2D and 3D face recognition algorithms.

 

Keywords: Face database, face recognition, feret, labeled faces, multi-pie, photometric stereo, yale database.

[1]. L. Wolf, T. Hassner, and Y. Taigman,Similarity scores based on background samples, in Proc. Asian Conf. Comp. Vis. (ACCV), Sept. 2009.
[2]. R.Gross, I.Matthews, J.Cohn, T.Kanade, & S.Baker, CMU multi-pie Face Database, in Proc.Intl.Conf. Aut. Face Gest. Recg, vol. 28, no.5, pp: 807–813, May.2010.
[3]. R.Gross, I.Matthews, J.Cohn, T.Kanade, & S.Baker, Multi-pie, Image Vis. Comput., vol.28, pp.807-813, 2010.
[4]. P. J. Phillips, H. Moon, P. J. Rauss, and S. Rizvi, The FERET evaluation methodology for face recognition algorithms, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 22, No. 10, October 2000.
[5]. L.Wolf, T.Hassner, and Y.Taigman, Effective unconstrained face recognition by combining multiple descriptors and learned background statistics, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol.33,no.10,pp. 1-16, Oct.2011.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Research of Tire Rolling Radius Based On the Finite Vibration Unit Model
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Wang Liqiang ||, Han Zongqi ||, Liu Quanyou ||, Xu Yunxiao ||, Bao Qianqian
Page No.	::	49-53
	::	10.9790/3021-03414953
		0.4/3021-03414953
		3021-0304-0153

This paper established the finite vibration unit model and solved the response of each unit system. And it analyzed the unit vibration. Based on the model it introduced the calculation method of rolling radius. Next this paper simulated rolling radius and the relationships between the rolling radius and the vehicle speed, the tire pressure, and the load using MATLAB software. And the relationships were modified according to the real vehicle test. Finally, the tire rolling radius calculation method was discovered at high speed.

 

Key Words: The finite vibration unit model; rolling radius; simulation; the real vehicle test

[1] Wang Yupeng, Zhao Longqing. Typical tire models and its development trend. Agricultural equipment and vehicle engineering, 2006,185(12):3-5.
[2] Pang Jian, Zhan Gang, He Hua. Vehicle noise and vibration. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology press, 2006:324-328.
[3] Yu Z.X., Tan H.F., Du X.W., and others.A Simple Analysis Method for Contact Defor- mation of Rolling Tire. Vehicle System Dynamics,2001,36(6):435-443.
[4] J.Rcho,K.W.Kim, H. S .Jeong. Numerical Investigation of Tire Standing Wave using 3-D Patterned Tire Model. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2007,(305):795-807.
[5] Li Huibin. Vibration theory and engineering application. Beijing. Beijing Institute of Technology press, 2006:30-37.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Design and Analysis of MEMS-Based Piezoresistive Accelerometer with Low Cross-Axis Sensitivity
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Tapas Kumar Mohanty || V.S. Krushnasamy
Page No.	::	54-59
	::	10.9790/3021-03415459
		0.4/3021-03415459
		3021-0304-0159

This paper presents a design and development of a high-performance silicon piezoresistive MEMS accelerometer, with a finite element analysis (FEA) and low cross-axis sensitivity. Finite element analysis is used to simulate electro statically actuated piezoresistive accelerometer operating under dc conditions .The designs presented in this paper consist of a square shaped proof mass with flexures supporting it. Due to of the opposite nature of stress at two ends, these piezoresistors can be connected to form a Wheatstone bridge so that the cross-axis responses are practically reduced .The piezoresistors are placed near the proof mass and frame ends on the flexure. The simulations show the von Misses stress, displacement, Eigen frequency plot, voltage distribution and temperature change in the piezoresistors using COMSOL 4.3 Multiphysics.

 

Keywords: Single Silicon piezoresistive accelerometer, MEMS, Wheatstone bridge

[1]. L.C. Spangler and C.J. Kemp, "Integrated silicon automotive accelerometer," Sens. Actuators, A54, pp. 523–529, 1996.
[2]. T. Velten, P. Krause, and E. Obermeier, "Two-axis micromachined accelerometer for Gesture Recognition," MME, 1996, pp. 247–250.
[3]. Garcia-Valenzuela and M. Tabib-Azar, "Comparative study of piezoelectric, piezoresistive, electrostatic, magnetic, and optical sensors," Proc. SPIE, 1994, pp. 125–142.
[4]. A.Chaehoi, L. Latorre, P. Nouet, and S. Baglio, "Piezoresistive CMOS Beams for Inertial Sensing," Proceedings of IEEE Sensors, Toronto, pp. 451, 2003.
[5]. N. Yazadi, K. Najafi, A.S. Salian, A. High-Sensitivity, accelerometer with a folded-electrode structure, J. Microelectromech. Syst. 12 (2003) 479–486.