Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Human Mobile Interaction based OTC Medicine (HMI for mHealth)
Country	::	Sarajevo
Authors	::	Abdurazzag A Aburas ||, Müjgan Ayran || Haris Memic
Page No.	::	01-05
	::	10.9790/3021-03610105
		0.4/3021-03610105
		3021-0306-0105

Smart phone becomes main part of our daily life. New design interface is introduced for mobile. The main interface design issue for mobile is simplicity. The Graphic User Interface must be easy and simple. Human Mobile Interaction – HMI is the most advanced research area at present time. This research work is introducing new HMI for On Table Counter – OTC. OTC is the medicine that can be sold directly to a consumer without a prescription from a healthcare professional. An OTC medicine (drugs) allows manufacturers freedom to formulate ingredients, or combinations of ingredients, into proprietary mixtures. This research paper is introduced and creates new mHealth system for users to select (diagnose) the best of free prescription medicine using mobile devices platform. Johnson &Johnson (J&J) Medicine Company has been chosen to be used for testing and quality assurance. It has one of the biggest OTC database medicine companies worldwide. The database is used for developing the proposed mHealth system. The research work is consists of two parts. First part is the designing smart and simple three levels interface for the Mobile device. The second part is a well-structured OTC database is designed and created. The OTC database size for mobile memory was 400KB. Both two parts of the proposed research work has been completed and new advanced HMI based mHealth application has been introduced.

 

Keywords: HMI, OTC, mHealth, J&J, Mobile

[1]. Abdurazzag Aburas, "The E-Medical Doctor System", IIUM, CBE-Conference, 26-27th June 2006.
[2]. Rosalind Keene: "What is Distance Education?" http://www.learningcircuits.org/ ,2001.
[3]. Verduin, J.R. & Clark,T.A.: "Distance Education: The foundations of effective practice", 1991, USA,CA, Jossey-Bass Publishers.
[4]. Leslie Painter: "Learning Styles and Online Education", 2001.
[5]. Mulhauser, Max, "Teaching and Computers" Cooperative Computer- Aided Authoring and Learning. Boston. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Pp. 15-23. 1995.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Performance of a Hydrocyclone for Separation of Hulls from Cotyledons of Some Grain Legumes
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Ologunagba, F.O ||, Imoukhuede, K.A || Ibrahim, A.A
Page No.	::	06-08
	::	10.9790/3021-03610608
		0.4/3021-03610608
		3021-0306-0108

Hydrocyclone separators are favourable for various number of applications in the process industry due to its low investment cost, simplicity in design, compactness and low operation and maintenance cost. A hydrocyclone separator developed based on Rietman's optimum design for classification was evaluated for separation of hulls from the cotyledons of some dehulled legume seeds at 10, 20 and 30mm under flow orifice diameters. Test results showed that the separator gave its best work performance at 20mm underflow orifice diameter with separation efficiencies of 67.01, 65.80, 38.63 and 64.92% for common bean, cowpea, locust bean and soybean respectively. The use of the hydrocyclone for separation of hulls from cotyledons of dehulled grain legumes is therefore feasible. However, replaceable nozzles and mechanically adjustable orifices are necessary for improved performance.

 

Keywords: Efficiency, hydrocyclone, legume, separation, underflow orifice

[1]. Copeland, L. O. and McDonald, M. B. Principle of seed science and technology (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell Massachusetts, 2001).
[2]. Ghadge, P. N., Shewalkar, S. V. and Wankhede, D. B. Effect of Processing Methods on Qualities of Instant Whole Legume.Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan L.), Agricultural Engineering International – The CIGR E Journal. Manuscript FP 08004. Vol. X, 2008.
[3]. Ihekoronye, A. I. and Ngoddy, P. O. Integrated food science and technology for the tropics (Macmillian Publishers Ltd., London, 1985).
[4]. Ehiwe, A. O. F. and Reichert, R. D. Variability in Dehulling Quality of Cowpea, Pigeon Pea and Mug Bean Cultivars Determined with the Tangential Abrasive Dehulling Device, Cereal Chem. 64(2) 1986, 86-90.
[5]. Adewumi, B. A. and Igbeka, J. C. Performance Evaluation of a Burr Type Dehuller for Locust bean. Ondo State Polytechnic, Owo Research and Technical Journal, 5(1), 1996, 1-8.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	A Simulation Study of Developing (BREERA) Using Energy Threshold
Country	::	Iraq
Authors	::	Prof. Dr. Saad Talib Hasson || Alyaa .A. Al-monaa || em Al-najar
Page No.	::	09-13
	::	10.9790/3021-03610913
		0.4/3021-03610913
		3021-0306-0113

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of several sensor nodes that connected together by wireless channels. Sensor nodes have limited battery power and in most applications it is not possible to replace the battery so, many researchers defined different routing algorithms to save energy for each sensor and then for whole network. This paper modified the Based Random Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithm (BREERA) of WSNs due to their major drawbacks in this routing algorithm. One important drawback is the loosing of the more active sensing nodes. We suggested the process of using energy threshold to increase the sensor node lifetime. The Net Logo simulator was used to design WSN with routing algorithm BREERA. Net Logo is multi agent programming language to simulate different phenomena. We chose Net Logo to design our system because it can assisted the process of building the required model, in addition to its other useful features such as: possibility to perform the ready-made model by any user, many interface options, possibility to make control on any agent individually, possibility to make control on the speed of running any model by speed slider and many more other features. This paper will make comparison between the performance of BREERA before and after modification under many terms: average received messages, average lost messages, average PDF, average LBF, average throughput, average dead nodes and average total energy.

 

Keywords— WSNs, PDF, LBF.

[1]. Muhammad Tabassum Tahir, " Performance Evaluation of Biased Clustering Technique and Random Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks ", A dissertation submitted to the school engineering – Liverpool John Moors University in fulfillment of MSC project, 2011 .
[2]. Amhmed. A. Bhih, "Performance Evaluation of Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks WSNs ", A dissertation submitted to school engineering –Liverpool John Moors University in Fulfillment of MSC project, 2011.
[3]. Jing Wu, Guo-chang Gu, and Guo-zhao Hou, " A clustering Considering on a Hierarchical Topology's tability for Ad Hoc Networks ", First International Workshop on Education Technology and Computer sscience, 2009.
[4]. Sucec.J. and Marsic.I, "Clustering overhead for hierarchical routing in mobile ad hoc networks",IEEE proceeding, 2002.
[5]. Toh.c.k and Chai K Toh , " Ad hoc Mobile Wireless Networks protocols and Systems ", New Jersey :Prentice Hall PTR, 2002 .

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Performance Analysis of Energy Efficient and Charge Recovery Adiabatic Techniques for Low Power Design
Country	::	India
Authors	::	B.Yasoda || S.Kaleem basha
Page No.	::	14-21
	::	10.9790/3021-03611421
		0.4/3021-03611421
		3021-0306-0121

The power consumption of the electronic devices can be reduced by adopting different design styles. Adiabatic logic style is said to be an attractive solution for such low power electronic applications. By using Adiabatic techniques energy dissipation in PMOS network can be minimized and some of energy stored at load capacitance can be recycled instead of dissipated as heat. In analysis, two logic families, ECRL(Efficient Charge Recovery Logic) and PFAL (Positive Feedback Adiabatic Logic) are compared with conventional CMOS logic for inverter and 2:1 multiplexer circuits. The proposed technique has less power dissipation when compared to the conventional CMOS design style.

 

Key Words- Adiabatic, dissipation, Logic families, low power, recycled.

[1]. Arsalan, M. Shams, M.,"Charge-recovery power clock generators for adiabatic logic circuits", 18th International Conference onVLSI Design, pp. 171- 174, 3-7 January 2005
[2]. Vojin G.Oklobd Zija , Dragan Maksimovi‟ c,"Pass-Transistor Adiabatic Logic Using Single Power-Clock Supply", IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, Vol. 44, No. 10,October 1997.
[3]. T. Indermauer, M. Horowitz,"Evaluation of Charge Recovery Circuits and Adiabatic Switching for Low Power Design",Technical Digest IEEE Sym. Low Power Electronics, San Diego, pp. 102-103, Oct. 2002.
[4]. Atul Kumar Maurya, Ganesh Kumar,"Adiabatic Logic:Energy Efficient Technique for VLSI Applications",International Conference on Computer& Communication Technology (ICCCT)-2011.
[5]. P. Chandrakasan, S. Sheng, R. W. Brodersen,"Low power CMOS digital design,‟‟ IEEE J. Solid-State Circ., Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 473-484, Apr. 1992.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Optimal modulation and coding for spatial multiplexing under flat fading channel.
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Monika Jain, || Sandeep Singh || Megha Gupta
Page No.	::	22-25
	::	10.9790/3021-03612225
		0.4/3021-03612225
		3021-0306-0125

In spatial multiplexing i.e., multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO-OFDM) system, coding schemes can be employed in link adaptation algorithms to improve data rates, effective use of allocated frequency spectrum and further to mitigate the effect of dynamic nature of the channel are used. Coding schemes can be used in link adaptation algorithms [1]. These loading algorithms adapt the system parameters according to the channel state information (CSI). It also improves the bit error rate (BER) performance and minimizes the total power input at the transmitter while maintaining a defined data-rate constraint. Ultimately, these algorithms gives better performance in the flat fading channel which will also be confirmed by simulation results.

 

Keywords:- BER, Gray code, MISO, M-PSK, SISO, SNR, TCM

[1]. Guoting Lai Junxun Yin Fan Lin Huawen Yu, "Performance of Adaptive Bit and Power Allocation MIMO-OFDM System Based on Greedy Algorithm", IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, vol. 1 , 2005 pp, 44-49.
[2]. Liu Jiancai Yang Wanwan Zheng Weili Wang Yafu Ye Zhihui Xu Jiakai and Ning Xinbao "Adaptive bit and power loading algorithm with low complexity in MIMO-OFDM systems", IEEE international conference, 2009,
[3]. J. Campello: "Optimal discrete bit loading for multicarrier modulation systems", Proc. of the IEEE Int. Symp. On Information Theory, p. 193, Cambrige, MA, USA, Aug. 1998.
[4]. Yu Qing and Wang Yi " Improved Chow Algorithm Used in Adaptive OFDM system" DOI 10.1109/ CMC .2010.212©2010 IEEE.
[5]. H. B•olcskei and A. J. Paulraj, "Space-frequency coded broadband OFDM systems," in Proc.IEEE WCNC-2000, Chicago, IL, Sept. 2000, pp. 1-6.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Education for Women's Equality
Country	::	India
Authors	::	MRS.BABITA JHARIA
Page No.	::	26-33
	::	10.9790/3021-03612633
		0.4/3021-03612633
		3021-0306-0133

[1]. GOOGLE SEARCH.
[2]. THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA EDUCATION BY J.P.NAIK.
[3]. CONSTITUTION OF INDIA BY D.D.BASU.
[4]. WOMEN'S EDUCATION IN INDIA-INFORMATIVE AND RESEARCH ARTICLE ON WOMEN'S EDUCATION IN INDIA.
[5]. ASHA: CARE FOR EDUCATION.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Macro-Micro Scale Observation of Cyclic Hardening-Softening and Precipitates Zone of C460
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Aezeden Mohamed
Page No.	::	34-39
	::	10.9790/3021-03613439
		0.4/3021-03613439
		3021-0306-0139

Three sets of age hardened aluminum-lithium alloy C460 specimens were produced by oil quenching, air cooling, and furnace cooling and subjected to cyclical, symmetric tension- compression testing. On examination of microstructures with the aid of scanning electron microscopy, precipitates free zones were identified adjacent to grain boundaries. It was also found that the specimens with the smallest precipitates free zones exhibited the highest fatigue strengths. Keywords: - Air, cooling, cyclic, furnace, oil, precipitates, quenched.

[1] K. Welpmann, M. Peters, and T.H. Sanders, Aluminum-lithium alloys, Aluminum, 60(10), 1984, 641-646.
[2] J.B. Wert, and J.B. Lumsden, Intergranular fracture in an Al–Li–Cu–Mg–Zr alloy, Spectra Metallurgical 19, 1985, 205–209.
[3] A.R.C., Westwood, New materials for aerospace industry, Material Science and Technology, 6, 1990, 958–961.
[4] T.H. Sanders, and E.A. Starke, The effect of slip distribution on the monotonic and cyclic ductility of Al–Li binary alloys, Acta Metallurgical, 30, 1982, 927–939.
[5] D. Webster, The effect of low melting point impurities on the properties of Al–Li alloys. Metallurgical Transaction, A18,1987, 2187–2193.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Data variation analysis of QOS in mobile Adhoc network
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Vindheyswari Prasad Tiwari || Ashish Xavier Das || Prof. A.K Jaiswal
Page No.	::	40-42
	::	10.9790/3021-03614042
		0.4/3021-03614042
		3021-0306-0142

The proposed analysis is used to design a network according to the applications of mobile ad hoc network with different workloads. Network Services are considered end-to-end, this means from a Terminal Equipment (TE) to another TE. An End-to-End Service may have a certain Quality of Service (QoS) which is provided for the user of a network service. It is the user that decides whether he is satisfied with the provided QoS or not. This paper shows the variations of any parameter may affect the performance of ad hoc network. There are some metric for Quality of service ,Average end-to-end delay, Throughput and Average jitter, which are evaluated in this paper and analysis is also performed to show the effect of data variation.

 

Keyword: - Manets, DYMO, QOS, AODV

1. [1] Johnson D. and Maltz D., Dynamic Source Routing in Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks. In Mobile Computing,
2. [2] Levis P. and Culler D. (2002). Mat´e: A Tiny Virtual Machine for Sensor Networks. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS-X).
3. [3] Ma M. and Yang Y., (2007). “SenCar: an energy-efficient data gathering mechanism for large-scale multihop sensor networks,” IEEE Trans. on Parallel and Distributed Syst, 18(10), 1476-1488.
4. [4] He L., Zhuang Y., Pan J. and Xu J., (2010). “Evaluating on-demand data collection with mobile elements in wireless sensor networks,” in Proc. IEEE VTC’10-FALL.
5. [5] He L., Yang Z., Pan J. and Cai L., (2012) “Evaluating service disciplines for mobile elements in wireless ad hoc sensor networks,” in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM’12,.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Finite Element Analysis of One Dimensional Bio-Heat Transfer in Human Tissue
Country	::	Bangladesh ‎
Authors	::	Mst. Nasima Bagum ||, Anup Shaha ||, Mohsiu Ahmed ||, Choudhury Abul Anam Rashed
Page No.	::	43-49
	::	10.9790/3021-03614349
		0.4/3021-03614349
		3021-0306-0149

Different therapeutic treatment requires precise monitoring of bio-heat transfer of human tissue for preserving the healthy tissues near the skin surface, from burning or freezing during therapeutic application. Bio-heat transfer analysis of thermal medical problems usually has to simultaneously face the transient or spatial heating both on skin surface and in interior of the biological bodies. It is difficult to perform heat transfer analysis on complex shape of biological body by analytical solution. In this research Finite Element Method was used to analyze 1D bio-heat transfer in human tissue. Based upon the Finite Element Method a generalized computer program was developed. Solution obtained by using Finite Element Analysis was compared with analytical solution. Here it was shown that computer based approximate solution is best option to perform heat transfer analysis of complex shape.

Index Terms: - Analytical Solution, Bio-heat Transfer, Numerical Solution, Pennes Equation.

[1] Website: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioheat_transfer (last modified on 9 April 2011 at 03:33, Retrieved: July,24,2011)
[2] F. Florin, B. I. Andrei, C. M. Iulia, "Computer-aided analysis of the heat transfer in skin tissue", 3rd WSEAS Int. Conference on finite differences - finite elements - finite volumes - boundary elements, Vol. 53, pp.53-59.
[3] J. Liu, L.X. Xu, ""Boundary Information Based Diagnostics on the Thermal States of Biological Bodies,‟‟ Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 43, pp. 2827–2839, 2000.
[4] N.L. Markee, K.L. Hatch, H.I. Maibach, R.L. Barker, P. Radhakrishnaiah, S.S. Woo, ""In Vivo Cutaneous and Perceived Comfort Response to Fabric. Part IV. Perceived Sensations to Three Experimental Garments Worn by Subjects Exercising in a Hot, Humid Environment,‟‟ Textile Research Journal, Vol.60, pp. 561–568, 1990.
[5] S.D. Burch, S. Ramadhyani, J.T. Pearson,""Analysis of Passenger Thermal Comfort in an Automobile under Severe Winter Conditions,‟‟ ASHRAE Trans., pt. 1, ASHRAE Winter Meeting, Atlanta, pp. 247–257, 1991.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Performance Comparison of Routing protocols for MANETs.
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Anshu Bajaj ||, Tripti Malhotra
Page No.	::	50-58
	::	10.9790/3021-03615058
		0.4/3021-03615058
		3021-0306-0158

Mobile ad hoc network is an autonomous system, where nodes/stations are connected with each other through wireless links. There is no restriction on the nodes to join or leave the network, therefore the nodes join or leave freely. Mobile ad hoc network topology is dynamic that can change rapidly because the nodes move freely and can organize themselves randomly. This property of the nodes makes the mobile ad hoc networks unpredictable from the point of view of scalability and topology. This paper highlights routing protocols in MANETs (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks). In general, routing protocols for MANETs are designed based on the assumption that all participating nodes are fully cooperative. However, due to the open structure and scarcely available battery-based energy, node misbehaviors may exist. In this paper AODV and DSR routing protocols are to be discussed and measure the performance in the end to end delay, PDF, throughput with constant mobility. For the implementation purpose we have used network simulator-2 (NS-2)

 

Keywords: - Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), routing misbehavior, Ad Hoc On Demand Routing Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR).

[1] L. Rajaj et.al, "Glo Mo Sim: A Scalable Network Simulation Environment, "Proceedings of MILCOM'99, November 1999.
[2] S.D. Khatawar, Sunil maakar ,R K Rathy, "Traffic pattern based performance comparison of AODV, DSDV and OLSR MANET routing protocols using freeway mobility model", International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 2 (4) , 2012.
[3] Rashmi Rohankar, Ram Murthy and B.S.Manoj, ″Ad Hoc Wireless Networks,Architectures and Protocols" Prentice Hall,2012.
[4] Nilesh P.Bobadel ,Behrouz A, Forouzan, "Data Communication and Networking", second edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2012.
[5] Thouraya Bouabana, J.Boleng, V. Davies, "A Survey of Mobility Models for Ad Hoc Network Research" on Wireless Communication & Mobile Computing (WCMC): Special issue on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking: Research, Trends and Applications, pp. 483-502, 2011.