Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	A Solution of Boussinesq's equation for infiltration phenomenon in unsaturated porous media by Homotopy Analysis Method
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Kajal K. Patel ||, M. N. Mehta ||, Twinkle R. Singh
Page No.	::	01-08
	::	10.9790/3021-04230108
	::	0.4/3021-04230108
		3021-0402-0308

The nonlinear Boussinesq's equation for infiltration phenomenon in unsaturated porous media is nonlinear partial differential equation and it has been solved by using Homotopy analysis method. the solution gives height of free surface of infiltrated water mound in unsaturated porous media by using appropriate initial guess value of the solution. The solution is physically interpreted and it is concluded that the height of free surface of infiltrated water in unsaturated porous media is decreasing and graph of the solution is given by using Maple coding.

 

Keywords: - Boussinesq's equation, Unsaturated porous media, Homotopy analysi Method, Infiltration

[1] Bear J. and Bachmat Y., Introduction to Modeling of Transport Phenomena in Porous Media, Kluwer,
Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1990.
[2] Bear J., Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media, American Elsevier, New York, 1972.
[3] Boussinesq J., Comptes RendusAcad. science Journal, Math. Pures Appl., 10, 5-78, 1903.
[4] Darcy H., Les Fontaines publiques de loville de Dijon, Dalmont, Paris, 1856.
[5] Desai N. B. and Mehta M. N., A Solution of Seepage of ground water in soil: Homotopy Perturbation
method. Int. J. of Appl. Math and Mech. 6 (2): 85-92, 2010.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	GIS Application for Climatic Change Prediction Using Stepwise Regression
Country	::	India
Authors	::	P.Balamurugan ||, Dr.A.Ilanthirayan ||, M.S.Kaviraj ||, S.Boobathiraja
Page No.	::	09-17
	::	10.9790/3021-04230917
	::	0.4/3021-04230917
		3021-0402-0317

Climate change refers to any significant change in the measure of climate lasting for an extended period of time. In other words, climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or wind patterns, among other effects, that occur over several decades or longer. Climate is the average weather in a given place, usually over a period of more than 30 years. The Earth's climate depends on the balance between the amount of energy received from the sun and the amount of energy that is absorbed or radiated back into space. Natural influences can alter how much heat is reflected or absorbed by the Earth's surface, including changes in the sun's intensity, volcanic eruptions, and multi-year climate cycles such as El Niño. Human activities such as deforestation and the production of greenhouse gases also affect this balance. These alterations, in turn, affect climate on local, regional, and global scales.

[1]. Abduwasit Ghulam, PhD. (2010), ‗ Calculating surface temperature using Landsat thermal imagery', Student handout-Center for Environmental Sciences Saint Louis University Thesis nr29.

[2]. Andrew Farina (2012), ‗Exploring the relationship between land surface temperature and vegetation abundance for urban heat island mitigation in Seville, Spain' , LUMA-GIS Thesis nr 15.

[3]. Artis, D.A., and Carnahan, W.H., (1982) ‗Survey of Emissivity Variability in Thermography of Urban Areas'. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol No 12, pp313-329.

[4]. Arun Kumar and Th.Nixon Singh 2012, ‗Predicting future changes in climate of micro watershed from statistical relationships among climatic variable Indian society of geomatics', Journal of Geomatics, Vol 6 No.1 April 2012

[5]. Bard.B(1994), ‗Bio sphere aspects of the Hydrological cycle (BAHC) focus 4', the weather generator project. HABC report no4, 2-12

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Problems of organization and search the knowledge base in the CRM-systems
Country	::	Moscow
Authors	::	Ostroukh Andrey Vladimirovich ||, Belousova Angelina Igorevna ||, Pavlov Dmitriy Alekseevich ||, Yurchik Petr Francevich
Page No.	::	18-23
	::	10.9790/3021-04231823
	::	0.4/3021-04231823
		3021-0402-0323

The main aims of work is to study the problems of the knowledge organization in the field of information technology. Problems of the organization of knowledge and analysis of the process of the search for them in the «Customer Support» are considered in this article. Work also aimed to show the importance of knowledge organization in the enterprise. An approach to the development of intelligent system handling of knowledge, which will reduce the time of finding relevant information, will increase the accuracy of the information, provide the ability to analyze the information at different levels of decision-making, ensure efficiency and accessibility of information.

 

Keywords: - management, modeling, information environment, automated control systems, decision support, information technology, business processes, Customer Relationship Management (CRM).

[1] Belousova A.I., Ostroukh A. V., Krasnyansky M.N., Varlamov O. O. Formation of multi-level model of multi-agent system using mivar. Prospects of science. 2011. No 5(20). pp. 57 - 61.
[2] Pavlov D.A. Decision support system for improving the allocative efficiency of applications between employees and for reducing the time required to resolve incidents in the systems service desk. – Мoscow. 2011. pp. 4-7.
[3] Pospelov D.A. About the "human" reasoning in intelligent systems. The logic and its simulation. The Scientific Council on the Complex Problem "Cybernetics" of the Presidium of the USSR Academy.– Мoscow, 1983. pp. 5–37.
[4] P. Winston Artificial intelligence. – М.: Mir, 1980. – 519 p.
[5] Ostroukh A.V., Solntcev A.A., Soldatov N.V., Novitsky K.A., Yakunin P.S., Initial period of the simulation study on the accuracy of the average integral evaluation of simulation models. Vestnik MADI. 2010. Issue 2(21). pp. 61-65.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Investigation of geometric height effects on the performance of Room Acoustic for Studios
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Okafor P.U. ||, Eneh I.I.
Page No.	::	24-29
	::	10.9790/3021-04232429
	::	0.4/3021-04232429
		3021-0402-0329

Audio studios are designed to have necessary acoustic properties that will guarantee dynamic audio quality with precision and accuracy that is void of distortion but, with improved decay rate. Apparently the decay rate of a room is a function of the absorptive materials used in the room design and construction, the geometric measurement, and the frequency of the sound. Two broadcasting studios were investigated to ascertain the acoustic performance at different geometric heights. Issues to be considered are the reverberation time and the height at which decay rates were even.

 

Keywords: - Reverberation time, Decay rate, Acoustic.

[1] Joyce, W.B. (1985): "Power series for the reverberation time". Pp.5 – 6
[2] Waterhouse, R.Y. (2001): "Theory of howlback in reverberating rooms". Pp. 65 – 58
[3] Davis, Don and Patronic, Eugene Jr.(1984): "Sound System Engineering" Third Edition. Pp. 81 – 83
[4] Snow, W.B. (2001): "Application of acoustical Engineering Principles to home music rooms". Pp. 23 – 28
[5] Onoh, Greg N. (2008): "Principles of Telecommunications". Pp.33 – 37

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Applying Encryption Algorithm Practically On M-commerce Background: Observing Security and Crucial Performance
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Trivedi Jaydipkumar H || Patel Jagdishkumar M || Trivedi Harakh J || Kuldip Dhirajbhai Pipaliya
Page No.	::	30-37
	::	10.9790/3021-04233037
	::	0.4/3021-04233037
		3021-0402-0337

The encryption algorithm is applying on M-commerce background and consequently observing security and performance. The work is observing website based performance as well as wireless toolkit 2.5, emulator based performance. The customers are establishing their m-commerce transaction on broadcasting agents based m-commerce background. For achieving system side as well as customer side security both the participant need encryption algorithm. The work shows the curtail role of the performance of the encryption algorithm practically on M-commerce background. The system is using customer credit conformation system. And if the customer found authentic he will be allowed for doing transaction. The work also indicates and explains how the algorithm is functioning.

 

Keywords: - M-Commerce.

[1] Trivedi J H, Trivedi P H, Thakker S T, Makwana M N , Automatic and Semi Automatic Transaction of roadcasting and It's Receiving Agent Based M- commerce Business Model

[2] Trivedi J H, Trivedi P H, Darji J H, Patel H D, Designing and prototyping encryption algorithms: Working as secure M-commerce transaction of broadcasting and its receiving agent based m-commerce model, IOSRJEN,Vol.3,Issue 8, pp.25-33 (2013) ISSN: 2250- 3021

[3] Pavan Soni, M-Payment Between Banks Using SMS,2010 IEEE Vol.98,No.6, June 2010

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Evaluation of Inventory Management Systems of the Nigeria Production Industries
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Buliaminu Kareem
Page No.	::	38-45
	::	10.9790/3021-04233845
	::	0.4/3021-04233845
		3021-0402-0345

Many inventory problems in the previous studies were addressed theoretically. In this study practical evaluation of the inventory performance in the Nigerian industries was carried out. First, the identified industries were grouped into three categories-small-, medium- and large-scale to determine their response to the practice of inventory management based on the capital outlay. Second, the effects of the capital outlay on inventorying the salient production factors including manpower, raw material and finished goods were determined. Third, other inventorying sub-factors such as order time, lot size, cost of order, number of order, demand and production rate were also assessed. Lastly, descriptive statistical analysis was utilized in analyzing the surveyed data. The results of the study practically indicated that the inventory management (of the production staffers, raw material and finished products) was affected by the sizes of industry; small-, medium-, and large- scale. The finding has advised individual industry to develop its inventory system based on its funding capability.

 

Keywords: - Funding, Inventory, Management, Industries, performance

[1] E.S. Buffa, Operations management ( USA: John Wiley and Sons Inc., 1972)
[2] W.H. Ford, Storage and stock control (USA: M.H publishing company, 1995)
[3] L.B. John, Marketing and purchasing (England: Paddington, 1979)
[4] O.D. Levis, Scientific inventory control (USA: Heinemann, 1976)
[5] W.P. George, Production and inventory control principles and techniques (India: Prentice- Hall International, 1985)

Paper Type	::	Review Paper
Title	::	Ultrasonic Spectacles & Waist- Belt for Visually Impaired & Blind Person
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Sushant Mahalle ||, Himanshu lokhande
Page No.	::	46-49
	::	10.9790/3021-04234649
	::	0.4/3021-04234649
		3021-0402-0349

This paper presents an electronic navigation system for visually impaired and blind people. This system understands obstacles around it and in front, left and right direction using a network of ultrasonic sensors. It effectively calculates distance of the detected object from the subject and prepares navigation path accordingly avoiding obstacles. It uses speech feedback to aware the subject about the detected obstacle and its distance. This proposed system uses AT89S52/LPC2148 microcontroller based embedded system to process real time data collected using ultrasonic sensor network. Based on direction and distance of detected obstacle, relevant pre-recorded speech message stored in Voice and play back circuit. Such speech messages are conveyed to the subject using speaker on voice and playback circuit.

 

Keywords: - Blind people, Ultrasonic sensors, AT89S52 microcontroller, Detected obstacle, Speech message, Voice playback & circuit

[1] The 8051 micro controller and embedded systems by Mazidi.
[2] Datasheets and the user manuals of 8052 and sensors.
[3] WWW.KEIL.COM
[4] WWW.8052.COM

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Geotechnical Characteristics of the Sediments in the near Shore Sector off Andhra Pradesh and Pondicherry, East Coast of India
Country	::	India
Authors	::	P.S.N.Murty ||, Ch. Jayant Kumar ||, A. Anil Kumar
Page No.	::	50-60
	::	10.9790/3021-04235060
	::	0.4/3021-04235060
		3021-0402-0360

Integrated offshore investigations along selected segments off East Coast of India for port and harbors developmental activities have provided detailed information on the sea floor morphology and sediment characteristics. The data permits comparative evaluation of the region from northern parts to southern parts. The eastern continental margin of India is flanked by a narrow zone of onshore, offshore sedimentary basins with a sediment fill ranging from Early to Late Holocene. There are variations in sediment nature and geotechnical characteristics along the near shore sector of the east coast. An attempt is made to compare the geotechnical characteristics of the sediments in the near shore sector of the east coast along Andhra Pradesh and Pondicherry coasts. Detailed studies at port areas have been carried out by the East Coast Operations, Marine Wing, GSI, Visakhapatnam at selected sectors along the Andhra Pradesh and Pondicherry coasts for their development and also on case specific studies for single buoy mooring etc. The domains are grouped under three categories 1) Open sea domain 2) Deltaic domain and 3) minor rivers / stream mouth domain. The sediments off Gangavaram and Mautyalmmapalem can be classified as open sea sediments; the sediments off Kakinada, Machilipatnam, Nizampatnam and Vadarevu as deltaic; and the sediments off those of Kottapatnam, Bavanapadu, Kalingapatanm, Bheemunipatnam, Krishnapatnam and Pondicherry can be grouped under the category of minor rivers / streams. The difference in the geotechnical characteristics and its relation with the sediment nature, in different domains, are discussed briefly hereunder. The wet bulk density is high in the open sea as well as in the minor river / stream domains, when compared to the deltaic domain, because of presence of low percent of finer fraction. The specific gravity is also high in the open sea and in the minor river / stream domains in view of presence of heavies with in the sand fraction. The liquid limit and the plastic limit values are high in the deltaic domain, when compared to other two domains, due to presence of higher percent of finer material. The sediments are inorganic clays of low to medium plasticity in the open sea and minor river / stream domains, as sediment types are of either sandy clay or silty clay, in general; and inorganic clays of high plasticity in the deltaic domain. The sediments are normal to active type in the open sea and minor river / stream domains, as salinity is relatively high, and inactive to normal type in the deltaic domain. The marine sediments in the near shore zone invariably have their natural moisture content at around or even more than their liquid limit values except in a few sediment samples indicating very soft consistency of the sediments. There is a wide variation in the geotechnical properties of the sediments off the major deltas of Godavari and Krishna than those away, which in turn, are related to texture of the sediment. The wet bulk density and specific gravity values of the marine sediments off Kakinada, Machilipatnam and Nizampatnam are relatively low (wet bulk density 1.29 to 1.96 Mg/m3; Gs-2.00 to 2.67) to those at Kottapatnam, Bavanapadu, Gangavaram and Krishnapatnam (wet bulk density 1.65 to 2.17 Mg/m3; Gs-2.53 to 2.77). The deltaic sediments off Kakinada, Machilipatnam and Nizampatnam areas show an increase in their liquid and plastic limits (LL 23 – 99 % and PL 21 – 48 %) respectively than those at non-deltaic areas off Bavanapadu, Gangavaram, Mutyalammapalem and Krishnapatnam (LL 16-45 %, PL 10 – 24 %). The relatively higher values in the deltaic sediments can be explained due to their higher percent of fine size material (Clay size fraction), which has significant influence on the Atterberg limits. The un-drained shear strength of deltaic clays at Kakinada, Machilipatnam and Nizampatnam are relatively high (2.75 to 15.30 kpa). The remolded shear strength values are naturally low due to mixing of the sediments, high water content etc. Sensitivity values vary from about 1.0 for over consolidated clays to 2.80 for the quick clays.
As per plasticity chart, the sediments of Kakinada, Machilipatnam, Nizampatnam and majority from Krishnapatnam area are in the CH region (inorganic clays of high- plasticity); the sediments from Nuvvalarevu (Bavanapadu), Kalingapatnam and Pondicherry area fall in the category of CL region (inorganic clays of lowplasticity); and from Nagavalli River Mouth, Bheemunipatnam and Mutyalammapalem are in the CI range
(inorganic clays of medium- plasticity).
The plotting indicates that the clay, in order of abundance, falls in the region of Illite to Kaolinite type in Nuvvalarevu (Bavanapadu) and Bheemunipatnam; Kaolinite to Illite type in Nagavalli River Mouth and Krishnapatnam; Kaolinite type in Mutyalammapalem, Kakinada, Machilipatnam and Nizampatnam; Illite to Kaolinite and with a few amount of Montmorillonite in Kalingapatnam; and Illite and small amount of Montmorillonite in Pondicherry. The sediments Off Machilipatnam was subjected to consolidation test, the pre- consolidation pressure (ppr) was found to be higher (0.92 Kg/ cm 2) than the present over burden pressure (0.085Kg/ cm2) which indicates that the sediment is pre-consolidated or over consolidated.

 

Keywords: - Geotechnical properties, East coast of India, Wet bulk density, plasticity chart, consolidation test

 

[1]. Casagrande, Classification and identification of soils, Amer. Soc. of Civil Engg. Trans., vol, 113, pp. 901-931, 1948.
[2]. Ingram, R.L. Sieve analysis In: Carver (edit.), "Procedures in Sedimentary petrology, Wiley Int. Sci., New York, pp 1-68, 1971.
[3]. Folk , R.L. and Ward , W.C. , Brazos river bar – a study in the significance of grain size parameters, Jour. Sed. Petrol, vol. 27, pp 3-26, 1957.
[4]. Shephard, F.P. Nomenclature based on sand-silt-clay ratios, Jour. Sed. Petrol., vol.39, pp 1074-1106, 1954.

[5]. Murty, P.S.N. and Rao, K.S.R. Textural characteristics of the of Visakhapatnam shelf sediments, Geol. Soc. India. vol. 33, pp 38 – 47, 1989.