Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Experimental And Numerical Study On Softening And Pinching Effects Of Reinforced Concrete Frame
Country	::	Malaysia
Authors	::	Mariyana A. Ab-Kadir ||, J.Zhang ||, N.Mashros ||, Abdul Hassan ||, N.Z Mohd Yunus ||, NA Aziz
Page No.	::	01-05
	::	10.9790/3021-04520105
	::	0.4/3021-04520105
		3021-0405-0205

The response analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to strong earthquake motions requires material models that are able to simulate cyclic deformation and damage realistically. This paper presents the results of a study of pinching and softening behaviour in an RC frame subjected to cyclic loading. The experiment was conducted on a full-scale RC frame at Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee in India. The hysteretic curve representing the response of the frame was generated. Finite element analyses were performed to predict the response of the frame under cyclic loading both before and after the test using different computer codes, ABAQUS and OpenSees. Although the experiment was conducted using load control, the finite element simulations were performed using displacement control. The result from both models are compared to the experiment and to each other and a detailed discussion is provided on the modelling capabilities of the two software in capturing the pinching and softening behaviour observed in the test.

 

Keywords: - Finite element models, Hysteretic behaviour, Pinching, Softening

[1] ABAQUS, ABAQUS 6.8 (2008) Dassault Systemes Simulia Corp: Providence
[2] EN1992-1-2: Eurocode 2 (2004) Design of concrete structures
[3] Filip C.F, and Issa A. (1988) Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frames Under Cyclic load Reversals. Report No. UCB/EERC-88/12, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California Berkeley
[4] Lee, J., and G. L. Fenves (1998) Plastic-Damage Model for Cyclic Loading of Concrete Structures, Journal of Engineering Mechanics,124: 892-900
[5] http://nisee.berkeley.edu/elibrary/Text/1288878

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Improving Wear Resistance of Cutting Tool by coating
Country	::	Ethiopia.
Authors	::	M.Narasimha ||, D.Tewodros ||, R.Rejikumar
Page No.	::	06-14
	::	10.9790/3021-04520614
	::	0.4/3021-04520614
		3021-0405-0214

As we know the cutting tool is an important basic tool required in metal removal operations for producing the components. It not only produces component but also maintains the dimensional accuracies, geometrical tolerances and desired surface finish of the machined part. Machining is important in metal manufacturing process to achieve near-net shape, also for the aesthetic requirements. The latest machining process and using the CNC machine tools the cutting tool play a vital role. The manufacturers of these components expect to improve their productivity, quality of the components and longer life of the cutting tools. The longer life of the cutting tool depends on various factors like machine tools used for the machining operation, cutting conditions, work piece material hardness and tool wear etc. In order to meet all these tasks the cutting tool manufacturers in the process of producing quality tools to withstand for higher cutting forces, thermal resistivity with more wear resistance. Many reputed cutting tool manufacturing organisations globally with their rich experience of research and development, invented different ways of enhancing the life of cutting tool in order to optimize the rate of production and to reduce the cost of production, which is highly accepted by the manufacturing industry. The continuous inventions in developing cutting tool materials and coatings on these materials in improving the wear resistance of the cutting tool is in progress day by day. One of the main pre-requisites for successful industrial production is the use of quality coated cutting tools with defined mechanical and technological properties. Therefore, for the development and introduction of new coated cutting tool (new combination of cutting material and hard coatings), it is necessary to carry out a number of studies with the purpose to optimize the coatings composition and processing procedures, and also to test new tools in working conditions.The requirement from the manufacturing industry is produce faster, better, safety and more ecologically, force us to develop new effective tools and innovative technologies. This provides a technological challenge to the scientists and engineers and increases the importance of knowing several scientific disciplines In this paper the analysis is made for the performance of various coated carbide cutting tools in machining the steel AISI 1018. In this review, the machining performance of coated tungsten based cemented carbides, were investigated during finish turning of AISI 1018 steel under dry conditions.

 

Keyword: - Coated carbide insert, coating Materials and Steel AISI 1018.

[1] M.C. Shaw, Metal Cutting Principles – Second Edition, Oxford Series on Advanced Manufacturing, Oxford University Press 2005, 15-38.

[2] G. Boothroyd, W.A. Knight, Fundamentals of Machining and Machine Tools, Marcel Dekker, (1989), 73-108.

[3] "ASM Metals Handbook – Machining‟, Volume 16, p.p. 874-878 – Machining of Uranium, 9th Edition, 1989, ASM International, ISBN0-87170-007-7.

[4] Wallbank, J., Development in tool materials, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Behaviour of Materials in Machining, York, UK, November 14-15, 1991.

[5] Smith, G. T., Advanced Machining: The Handbook of Cutting Technology, IFS Publications, 1989.

Paper Type	::	Review Paper
Title	::	Major MCDM Techniques and their application-A Review
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Aarushi Singh ||, Sanjay Kumar Malik
Page No.	::	15-25
	::	10.9790/3021-04521525
	::	0.4/3021-04521525
		3021-0405-0225

As the real world problems are so tangled, so the task of decision making associated with them is equally complex. Therefore, some efficient techniques are required which limelight the best solution. For the choice of the optimal selection with respect to the given criteria, this paper has summarized three major and useful techniques of Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), namely, WSM (Weighted Sum Method), AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and TOPSIS (Technique for Ordered Preference By Similarity to Ideal Solution). The paper highlights the basic steps involved in each of the techniques for choosing the most suitable alternative from among the varied options under consideration.

 

Keywords: - MCDM, WSM, AHP, TOPSIS.

[1] Mohamad Ashari Alias, Siti Zaiton Mohd Hashim and Supiah Samsudin, "Multi Crteria Decision Making And Its Applications: A Literature Review", Asia-Pacific Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, Jurnal Teknologi Maklumat, Vol 20, No. 2, 2008.
[2] Xiaoqian Sun and Yongchang Li, "An Intelligent Multi-Criteria Decision Support System for Systems Design" 10th AIAA, Aviation Technology, Integration & Operation Conference, Chapter: 10.2514/6, 2010.
[3] A.E. Dooley, G.W. Sheath and D. Smeaton, "Multiple Criteria Decision Making: Method Selection And Application To Three Contrasting Agricultural Case Studies", NZARES Conference, 2005.
[4] Athanasios C. Karmperis, Konstantinos Aravossis, Ilias P. Tatsiopoulos and Anastasios Sotirchos, "Decision support models for solid waste management: Review and game-theoretic approaches", Waste Management, ELSEVIER, 2013
[5] Milan Janic and Aura Reggiani, "An Application of the Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Analysis to the Selection of a New Hub Airport", European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research, Vol 2, pp. 113 – 142, 2002.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Overcurrent Relay Setting Model for Effective Substation Relay Coordination
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Uma U.Uma ||, I.K.Onwuka
Page No.	::	26-31
	::	10.9790/3021-04522631
	::	0.4/3021-04522631
		3021-0405-0231

Relay protection setting of substation plays a very vital role for power system safe operation. But in the recent years power demand has increase substantially while the expansion of the system has been severely limited due to abnormalities of Isolation of faulty areas by the protection system as a result of lack of effective coordination of the relay operation. The main objective of this paper is to design a computer based model using different characteristics equation of overcurrent relay (Standard Inverse, Very Inverse and Extremely Inverse) for determination of different relay parameters. This paper also present the relay setting and coordination of a 132/33kV typical substation with expected short circuit of 2044.5A and 800A at the respective busbars. Graphic user interphase (GUI) a subprogram of MATLAB is used. The results of the actual operating time and time multipiler setting (TMS) of different relay are determined.

 

Keywords: - Relay Coordination, NEPLAN, MATLAB

[1] Javad Sadeh, '' Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent Relay in An Interconnected Power System,'' 15𝑡ℎ PSCC Liege Paper 1, August 2005.
[2] Aniket C.,Ritu B.,and Dhruvi S. ''Mathematical and Simulink Analysis of Relay Coordination,'' IJOER Vol.1.,Issue.4.,2013
[3] Reza mohammadi et.al. '' Optimal Relays Coordination Efficient method in Interconnected Power System,''JEE. Vol.61. no2, pp. 75-83, 2010
[4] A.Akbar,M.Birjandi and M. Pourfallah, ''Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent and Distance Relays by a New Particle Swarm Optimization Method,''IJEAT. Vol.1.pp 93-98,December 2011.
[5] NEPA, ''Basic Protection Course P1''Training and development program. June 2007

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Computer Based Model for Design Selection of Lightning Arrester for 132/33kV Substation
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Uma U.Uma ||, I.K.Onwuka
Page No.	::	32-36
	::	10.9790/3021-04523236
	::	0.4/3021-04523236
		3021-0405-0236

Protection of equipment insulation against lightning over voltages and selection of lightning arrester that will discharge at lower voltage level than the voltage required to breakdown the electrical equipment insulation is examined. The objectives of this paper is to design a computer based model using standard equations for the selection of appropriate lightning arrester with the lowest rated surge arrester that will provide adequate protection of equipment insulation and equally have a satisfactory service life when connected to a specified line voltage in power system network. The effectiveness and non-effectiveness of earthing system of substation determines arrester properties. MATLAB program with GUI (graphic user interphase) its subprogram is used in the development of model for the determination of required parameters like voltage rating, impulse spark over voltage, power frequency spark over voltage, discharge current, current rating and protection level of lightning arrester of a specified voltage level of a particular line.

 

Keywords: - Lightning Arrester, GUIs, MatLab program.

[1] Nay,K.H.(2008): Analysis and Design Selection of Lightning Arrester for Distribution Substation. World Academy of Science, Engineering And Technology Vol.48, pp174-178,2008.
[2] Jude, H.(2005): Lightning Arrester,A Guide to Selection and Application.- GE Publication No.FETA-100A
[3] Xi Jin,Wei Lu and Shouju, C. (2004): New Type Lightning Protection Scheme of Substation Incoming Lines and Their Simulations. International Conference on power system Technology, Singapore, 21-24 Nov. 2004.
[4] larry, P.,(2010):The application and selection of Lightning Arrester. G.E publication

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Relationship between Stepper Motor Step-angle and Satellite Dish Antenna Diameter and Beam-Width
Country	::	Sudan
Authors	::	Emad A. Gabbar Moh. Alhassan ||, Dr. abdelrasoul jabar alzubaidi
Page No.	::	37-42
	::	10.9790/3021-04523742
	::	0.4/3021-04523742
		3021-0405-0242

This study is a part of a research of designing a Satellite Dish Antenna Positioning System using stepper motors for adjusting azimuth, elevation and polarization angles. This paper aims to find a general relationship between the step-angle of the stepper motor and the satellite dish antenna diameter and beam-width. This relationship insures that the dish antenna directed within the HPBW when it position to any satellite within the range.

 

Keywords: - HPBW Half-Power Beam-Width, Stepper motor Step-angle, antenna step-angle

[1] Michael O. Kolawole / "Satellite Communication Engineering", 1st ed / Marcel Dekker, Inc/ 2002.
[2] Stepper Motor and Its Driver/ http://pegasus.cc.ucf.edu/~cham/eas5407/project/Intro_stepper.pdf /28. August. 2013.
[3] Dennis Roddy/ "Satellite Communications", 3rd ed/ McGraw-Hill/ 2001.
[4] Constantine A. Balanis /Antenna Theory Analysis and Design / 3rd ed /John Wiley & Sons, Inc/ 2005.
[5] Stepper Motor Technology / http://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/cse466/02au/Labs/motor.pdf / 24. August. 2013.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	The Supercharging Effect on the Performance and Emission of Diesel Engine Fueled with Tyre Pyrolysis Oil and Diesel Blend
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Mukesh N Damor ||, Yuvrajsinh Raol ||, Tushar M Patel ||, and Gaurav P Rathod
Page No.	::	43-50
	::	10.9790/3021-04524350
	::	0.4/3021-04524350
		3021-0405-0250

The price was going up day to day and there will be no more conventional fuel in the future and also increasing the environmental pollution by the use of crude oil. Therefore, research has focused on finding new alternative fuel and utilizes them for the automotive application. We were taking Pyrolysis oil from waste tyre and blended with diesel fuel. In the initial stage we were performing this test will conduct on a single cylinder, four- stroke, constant speed water cooled, diesel engine by using only diesel and results are observed for 1 to 9 load condition. In experiment were being carried out on the same engine with same operation parameter with using the tyre pyrolysis oil blended with diesel in different proportion such as TP10, TP20, TP30 at supercharging pressure 1.5 bar and result will be compared.

 

Keywords: - Diesel engine, pyrolysis oil, supercharging, Engine Emission

[1] Sk.Mohammad Younus, "Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Diesel Engine Fueled With Tyre Pyrolysis Oil &Diesel Blends with Additives." International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, Volume 2 ,issue 5/may/2013/pp.32-37
[2] S. Murugan , M.C. Ramaswamy and G. Nagarajan "The use of tyre pyrolysis oil in diesel engines" waste management volume 29 issue 12 December 2008 page 2743-2749

[3] Sivalingam MURUGAN, M. R. Chandrasekaran RAMASWAMY, and Govindan NAGARAJAN "influence of distillation on performance, emission, and combustion of a DI diesel engine, using tyre" Thermal science volume 12(2008)/pp.157-167
[4] M. Mani, "Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine using waste plastic oil" Applied Thermal science, Volume 29, issue 2009/pp.2738-2744.
[5] G.V.N KUMAR, "Experimental Investigations on Diesel Engine Fueled with Tyre Pyrolysis Oil and Diesel Blend." International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development,Volume.1(January 2013) Issue 3/ January/ 2013/pp-2249-6149

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Heat Transfer and Thermal Stress Analysis of Circular Plate Due to Radiation Using FEM
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Shubha Verma ||, and V. S. Kulkarni
Page No.	::	51-59
	::	10.9790/3021-04525159
	::	0.4/3021-04525159
		3021-0405-0259

The present paper deals with determination of transient heat transfer and thermal stresses analysis in a circular plate due to radiation. The radiation effect has been calculated by using Steffan's Boltmann law. The upper surface of circular plate is subjected to radiation, whereas lower surface is at constant temperature 𝑇𝑜 and circular surface is thermally insulated. The initial temperature of circular plate is kept at 𝑇𝑖. The governing 2-D heat conduction equation has been solved by using finite element method. The results for temperature distribution, displacement and thermal stresses have been computed numerically, illustrated graphically and interpreted technically.

 

Keywords: - Heat transfer analysis, Finite element method, Finite difference method, Thermal stresses analysis.

[1] Cook Robert D., Malkus David S. and Plesha Michael E., "Concept and Application of Finite Element Analysis", John Wiley and Sons, New York, third edition, 2000.
[2] Darabseh Tariq T., "Transient Thermal Stresses of Functionally Graded Thick Hollow Cylinder under the Green-Lindsay Model", World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 59, pp. 2314-2318, 2011.
[3] Dechaumphai Pramote and Lim Wiroj, "Finite Element Thermal-Structural Analysis of Heated products", Chulalongkorn University Press, Bangkok, 1996.
[4] Hutton David, "Fundamentals of Finite Element Analysis", Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New York, second edition, 2006.
[5] Rao S. Singiresu, "The Finite Element Method in Engineering", Elsevier publication, U. K., fourth edition, 2008.