Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Affect of Process Electrokinetics Against Minerals and Molecules of Expansive Clay
Country	::	Indonesia
Authors	::	Nahesson Hotmarama Panjaitan ||, Ahmad Rifa'i ||, Agus Darmawan Adi ||, P. Sumardi
Page No.	::	01-09
	::	10.9790/3021-04830109
	::	0.4/3021-04830109
		3021-0408-0309

This journal is a series of research expansive clay stabilization with lime and using electrokinetics process. Some research results have been achieved in this study such of phenomena of electrophoresis, phenomena of electrochemical, phenomena of electroosmosis, and behaviors spread of lime on clay particles using electrokinetics process, has been published on the topic of another discussion. The method of research is an experimental study using an open box made of glass, and the use of electricity (DC) with a capacity of 25V, 2A. The research using 2 types of expansive clay soil, taken from the region of Central Java. The results of this paper discusses research on the influence of electrokinetics process on expansive clay minerals, so that the results achieved in this research can be used for the development of electrokinetics process as an alternative to the process of stabilization of expansive clay. Behavioral changes of kind of minerals and morphology molecular of clay identified by using XRD and testing SEM. The test results on the types of minerals clay by XRD, indicating that electrokinetics process does not result in changes in the types of clay minerals. SEM testing in clay soils, showed that the results of the deployment of lime solution using electrokinetics process, succeeded in putting lime attach to molecules of clay. The results of this study indicate that the electrokinetics potential to be developed as an alternative to expansive clay stabilization.

 

Keywords: Electrokinetics process, expansive clay, stabilization, lime, cation exchange.

[1] Mitchell. J.K, Fundamentals of Soil Behavior, 2nd Ed. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1992).
[2] Van Olphen. H, 1977, Clay Colloid Chemistry, Second Edition, (John Wiley & Sons, United State of America, 1977).
[3] Low. P.F, Fundamental Mechanisms Involved in Expansion of Clays as Particularly Related to Clay Mineralogy, Proceedings of Workshop on Expansive Clays and Shales in Highway Design and Construction, 1973, Vol.I.
[4] Sparks, Donald L., 2003, Environmental Soil Chemistry , (Academic Press, Elsevier Science, USA, Hardback, 2003), 352 pp., ISBN 0-12-656446-9, Author: Smernik R.1.
[5] Gray. D.H, Schlocker. J, Electrochemical Alteration of Clay Soils, Clays and Clay Minerals, (Pergamon Press, 1969), Vol. 17, pp. 309-322.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Experimental Analysis Of Tribological Properties Of Various Lubricating Oils Without And With Using Extreme Pressure Additives By Using Four Ball Extreme Pressure Oil Testing Machine
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Prof.Dr. A. D. Dongare, ||, Prof. A. J. Gite
Page No.	::	10-27
	::	10.9790/3021-04831027
	::	0.4/3021-04831027
		3021-0408-0327

This study examined the tribological properties of various lubricating oils (i.e.SAE20, SAE30, SAE40, SAE68, SAE90, SAE120, & SAE140) which are used for various purposes like lubrication of Bearings, I.C.Engine Parts, Machine Parts, Cutting oils in manufacturing processes and specially Gear boxes lubrication oils etc., without and with using different antiwear & extreme pressure additives (i.e. MOLYVAN A & VANLUBE 73). By using Four Ball Extreme Pressure Oil Testing Machine (F.B.E.P.O.T.M) which plays an important role in oil industry while selecting such oils as a lubricating media for testing various types of E.P. lubricating oils. The test was carried out as per the American Society for Testing of Materials (ASTM) ASTM-D2783-3 [The Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure (EP) Properties or an evaluation of tribological properties of lubricating oils by Four-Ball Method] & IP–239 [Determination of Extreme Pressure and Anti-wear Properties of Lubricants - Four Ball Machine Method] to determine the weld load.

[1] J.Halling, Principles of Tribology, 1981.
[2] Carleton N. Rowe, Lubricated Wear- Hand Book pf Lubrication (Theory and Practice Tribology), Vol.2, 209-223. (Copyright © 1983 CRC Press LLC).
[3] Donald H. Buckley, William R. Jones, Jr., Harold E. Sliney, Erwin V. Zaretsky, Dennis P. Townsend and Stuart H. Loewenthal (Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio) NASA Technical Memorandum 101430, Tribology: The Story Of Lubrication and Wear, Prepared for Seminar F–107 at the 1985 International Trade Fair Cleveland, Ohio, October 18, 1985.
[4] Lubricating Oils, Greases, Specialty Lubricants, and Lubrication Systems- Lubrication Fundamentals (Naval Ships' Technical Manual Chapter 262 This Chapter Supersedes Chapter 262 Dated 1 June 1993 Distribution Statement C: Distribution Authorized To U.S. Government Agencies and Their Contractors; Administrative and Operational Use (31 January 1992). Other Requests For This Document Will Be Referred To the Naval Sea Systems Command (Sses622))
[5] M.F.Spotts, ―Design of Machine Elements.‖ Tata McGraw Hill Publication New Delhi. (1996)147-161, 184-187, 290-298, 423-440.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	UPS Supported By Fuel Cell and Micro Turbine Energy System Based On Buck-Boost Converter for Telecom Industry
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Mr. R.Madhan Mohan ||, Mr. K.Harinath Reddy ||, S.Suresh Babu
Page No.	::	28-38
	::	10.9790/3021-04832838
	::	0.4/3021-04832838
		3021-0408-0338

Typically, telecom power systems are connected to grid and diesel generator. This paper represents a new telecom power system using local micro-sources (fuel cell and micro-turbine). Some benefits of this system are effectively eliminating batteries, diesel generator and automatic transfer switch. In this paper, a new multiple input buck-boost converter is utilized as an interface between the micro-sources and the DC bus. Peak current mode control is used to control the current of fuel cell while voltage mode control is used to regulate the output voltage. A model for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEM FC) and Micro-Turbine (MT) along with their subcomponents and internal controls are presented. Furthermore, the parallel operation of FC and MT using the proposed multiple input DC/DC converter is investigated. In addition, the dynamic response of the system to the dynamic behavior of the load is analyzed.

 

Keywords: - Telecom power system, multiple input converters, power system architecture, fuel cell model, micro-turbine model.

[1] M. Fraisse and L. Buchsbaum, "Environment friendly high quality, high availability telecom power plant architecture," International Telecommunication Energy Conference, 2002, pp. 463-469.
[2] W. Allen and S. Natale, "Achieving ultra-high system availability in a battery-less -48Vdc power plant," International Telecommunication Energy Conference, 2002, pp. 287-294.
[3] B. Maher, "High reliability backup for telecommunications using ultracapacitors," International Telecommunication Energy Conference, 2004, pp. 623-625.
[4] M. Perry and S. Kotso, "A back-up power solution with no batteries," International Telecommunication Energy Conf., 2004, pp. 210-217.
[5] A. Kwasinski and P. Krein, "A microgrid-based telecom power system using modular multiple-input dc-dc converters," International Telecommunication Energy Conference, 2005, pp. 515-520.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Reservoir Characteristics researching in Gulong oilfield Putaohua reservoir
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Yuechao Teng ||, Haifeng Chen ||, Haiqiang Hou
Page No.	::	39-45
	::	10.9790/3021-04833945
	::	0.4/3021-04833945
		3021-0408-0345

The reservoir characteristics such as petrological and physical property characteristics of reservoir is the basic attribution of oil reservoirs, it directly controls the reservoir space, which influences the flow of oil and gas in reservoir thus reserve volume and production of oil, is one of the foundations of oil development. By counting and analyzing of diaphragm observing and physical properties data, the petrological and physical property characteristics of reservoir can be defined, and defining the stage of diagenic metamorphism by studying the transform of clay minerals, and then summarize and analyze the controlling factors of physical properties of the reservoir.

 

Key words: - Gulong oilfield; Putaohua reservoir; Controlling factors; Reservoir characteristics

[1] Yang Yufeng. Formation and distribution of lithologic pools in Songliao basin [J]. Oil&Gas Geology.2004, 25(4):393-399.
[2] Gao Ruiqi，Cai Xiyuan. Formation conditions and distribution law of Songliao Basin oil and gas fields [M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1997:50-52.
[3] Chan Jingfu,Ji Youliang. Controlling factors for the heterogeneity of the Putaohua oil reservoirs in the Daqing Oil Field [J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2006,26(4):95-99.
[4] Fan Xu, Xu Yunting, Dong Zhonglin et al. General reservoir beds features of Putaohua oil reservoir in Songfangtun oilfield,Songliao basin [J]. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1999,23(3):70-73.
[5] Wang Yachun,Shi Rong,Ma Chengdou et al. Reservoir classification of Putaohua oil layer in the south of Aobaota Oilfield[J]. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2007,31(4):10-12.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Controlling a Cold Store Temperature Through a Mobile Phone
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Abdelrasoul Jabar Alzubaidi ||, Isam muhydeen
Page No.	::	46-49
	::	10.9790/3021-04834649
	::	0.4/3021-04834649
		3021-0408-0349

Mobile phone has become familiar and necessary to everyone, and so become the remote control. Therefore, it would be wonderful to join these small devices in one function i.e. to use the mobile phone as a remote control. Here, a mobile phone is used to serve as a remote control for a co1d-store. The remote control system consists of two mobile phones, a dual tone multiple frequency decoder (DTMF) , a personal computer (PC) , a cold store, and a designed circuit. One mobile phone serves as a remote control, while the other is used to receive calls from the first one. When a call is received the tone is decoded by a DTMF decoder. The decoded signal is used to control the operations in the cold store . This remote control system can be used for any electronic or electrical device to operate it from anywhere using a mobile phone , wherever the mobile network is available.

 

Keywords: - control system , PC , Mobile phone , DTMF , cold store.

[1] Manual on meat cold store operation and management By/Dr G. Cano-Muz ApriI.202008 http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/OO4/TOO98E/TOO98EOO.HTM
[2] How Cell Phones Work April.22.2008 By/Julia Layton, Marshall Brain and Jeff Tyson http://www. howstuffworks.com/ceIl—phone. htm
[3] Remote control http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remotecontrol April.1O.2008.
[4] Radio control httpengineeringtalk.com/ March. 15.2008
[5] Remote control by phone http://apogeekits.com March.20.2008
[6] History of remote control http://www.modellbah nottcom/tqpage/ihistory.html March.5.2008

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Design and Improve Coatings for some Antennas
Country	::	Iraq
Authors	::	Ghasak T. Suhail ||, and Saeed N. Turki
Page No.	::	50-56
	::	10.9790/3021-04835056
	::	0.4/3021-04835056
		3021-0408-0356

In this paper, antireflection coating is designed for helical and loop antennas depending on the variable of refractive indices for microwave region of electromagnetic spectrum by use characteristic matrix method in computer program MATLAB version 7. helical antenna works within the range({3.12-6.66}x108nm (it has copper as a substrate . The results shows that, for the normal incidence, the reflectance of copper reduced from (17.38%) to (0.1065%) when coated by two layer MgO and BeO as low and high index coating materials respectively according to the design [Air/LH/Cu]. Also the effect of angle of incidence on the reflectance spectrum of this design are investigate.And loop antenna works within the range({3.48-9.67}x108nm ( it has zinc as a substrate . The results shows that, for the normal incidence, the reflectance of zinc reduced from (11.11%) to (0.06242%) when coated by the layer SiO2according to the design [Air/L/Zn]. The results shows that the reflectance are increases with shifting toward shorter wavelengths.

 

Keywords: - design, coating, microwave , antenna

[1] J.C. Maxwell, ―A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism‖, Vol.1-2, Oxford, 1873.
[2] David M. Pozar "Microwave Engineering", John Wiley & Sons, 2012, 2005, 1998.
[3] C.A. Balanis, "‟Antenna theory: analysis and design‟‟, 2nd ed., John Willey and & Son, Inc., 1997.
[4] C. Ingale, T. Ingale, A. Trikolikar, "Study of different Types of Microwave Antenna and Its Application" International Journal of computer Technology and Electronics Engineering, Vol 3, special Issue, March- April 2013, PP. 103-106.
[5] Stenzel, O. (2005). The Physics of Thin Film Optical Spectra. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27905-9

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Evaluating and Analyzing Query Efficiencies along Web Wide Databases
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Sonia Gupta
Page No.	::	57-59
	::	10.9790/3021-04835759
	::	0.4/3021-04835759
		3021-0408-0359

The growth of the Web and the Internet leads to the development of an ever increasing number of interesting application classes. Normal recruitment process is now-a-days used most common method. If a company wants an employee immediately, the only way for recruitment is advertising in any media. When the appliction is received from the employee it had to be checked for experience, qualifiction etc. This process requires time.
This paper proposes a method for employee searching by using a user and query dependent ranking. A ranking model is presented which is based on user inputs. This ranking model is acquired from several other ranking functions derived for various user-query pairs. This is based on the intuition that similar users display comparable ranking preferences over the result of similar queries. The idea of how the ranking can be used is provided by this paper.

 

Keywords: User Similarity, Query Similarity, Automatic Ranking, Workload, Relational Queries.

[1] Google. Google base. http://www.google.com/base.
[2] AdityaTelang, Chengkai Li, Sharma Chakravarthy, "One size Does Not Fit All: Towards User- and Query Dependent Rasnking For Web Databases".
[3] G. Koutrika and Y. E. Ioannidis. Constrained optimalities in query personalization. In SIGMOD Conference, pages 73–84, 2005.
[4] S. Amer-Yahia, A. Galland, J. Stoyanovich, and C. Yu. From del.icio.us to x.qui.site: recommendations in social tagging sites. In SIGMOD Conference, pages 1323–1326, 2008.
[5] A. Penev and R. K. Wong. Finding similar pages in a social tagging repository. In WWW, pages 1091– 1092, 2008

Paper Type	::	Review Paper
Title	::	Ga Adlayer Coverage and Surface Morphology Evolution during GaN Growth by Plasma-assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Liang Pang
Page No.	::	60-65
	::	10.9790/3021-04836065
	::	0.4/3021-04836065
		3021-0408-0365

Ga adlayer coverage and surface morphology evolution during GaN grown by PAMBE are studied on an atomic scale. Ga adlayer coverage, which is closely dependent on the Ga/N flux ratios, is found to be a very important factor in determining the surface morphology. A laterally contracted Ga bilayer is able to stabilize the GaN surface to produce the minimum pit density. Such an energetically favorable adlayer can only be achieved under certain Ga/N ratio, which is calculated from the kinetic rates of Ga adsorption and desorption.

 

Keywords: -Ga adlayer coverage; surface morphology; Ga/N ratio; Plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy

[1] T. P. Chow and R.Tyagi,Wide bandgap compound semiconductors for superior high-voltage unipolar power devices,IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 41, 1994, 1481-1483.
[2] L. Pang and K. Kim, Bimodal gate-dielectric deposition for improved performance of AlGaN/GaN metal–oxide–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 45, 2012, 045105.

[3] M. A. Khan, X. Hu, A. Tarakji, G. Simin, and J. Yang, AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor heterostructure field-effect transistors on SiC substrates, Appl. Phys. Lett., 77, 2000, 1339–1341.
[4] L. Pang, Y. G. Lian, D. S. Kim, J. H. Lee,and K. Kim, AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMT With High-Quality Gate–SiO2 Achieved by Room-Temperature Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 59(10), 2012, 2650-2655.
[5] S. J. Pearton and F. Ren, GaN Electronics, Adv. Mater. 21, 2000, 1571-1580.