Restrain the noise of the vibration signal is an essential preprocessing work of the rolling bearing fault diagnosis. Take the advantages that the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm can decompose the signal for the intrinsic mode function (IMF), this paper put forward a de-noise method that combined the EMD algorithm with the wavelet package entropy, so that to overcome the drawback such as unable to distinguish useful information in the intrinsic mode function effectively and the wavelet threshold de-noise algorithm threshold selection by the experience. This paper uses the wavelet transform of the intrinsic mode function, related processing for each node coefficient in the underlying factor to highlight the effective information. Based on the characteristics of wavelet packet entropy, divided the new coefficient after set the useful signal to be zero into several components and calculate its wavelet packet entropy, select the average coefficient of wavelet entropy maximum interval as the noise variance to get the node corresponding threshold. The algorithm was applied to the simulation signals and the actual vibration signals of rolling bearing de-noising. The results show that the method is better than that of wavelet threshold de-noise combined with EMD, and at the same time improves the de-noise effect better protect signal effectively.

 

Key words：Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) Wavelet Package Entropy；Noise Suppression；SNR

[1]. Du Qiuhua, Yang Shunian. Application of Morphology Filter in Defect Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings[J]. Bearing, 2005(6)：27-31．
[2]. Zang Huaigang, Wang Shiyun, Li Yukui. Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on EMD and Smoothed PseudoWigner-Ville Spectrum Entropy[J]．Noise and Vibration Control, 2014，34(5)：145-149.
[3]. Wang Ting. Research on EMD algorithm and its Application in signal de-noising[D]． Harbin Engineering University, 2010．
[4]. Shao Renping, Cao Jingming, Li Yonglong. Gear fault pattern identification and diagnosis using Time-Frequency Analysis and wavelet threshold de-noising based on
[5]. Li Wen, Liu Xia, Duan Yubo etc. Wavelet Modulus Maxima Denoising of Seismic Signals based on Combined Wavelet Entropy and Correlation[J]．Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2012，34(6)：841-850．

The Nenjiang Formation from well Mao 206 was a sort of typical lake sediment. It has comparatively high ratio of gammacerane to C30 bionorhopane,along with especially low ratio of diasteranes to conventional sterane in Qingshankou Formation,it was suggested that period should happen water body delamination event and anoxic event in old lake. It brought form of high quality hydrocarbon . Based on the study of magnetostratigraphy and zircon U-Pb ages of volcanic rock samples,the bottom age of Nenjiang Formation belong to Santonian stage.

 

Key words: Songliao Basin, Cretaceous,Nenjiang Formation, Biomarkers

[1] Ma Zongjin,Du Pinren,Lu Miaoan.The interaction of the earth sphere[J],2001,8(1):3-8
[2] Wang Chengshan.A study on the major geological events of the earth's surface system and the changes ofthe greenhouse climate in the Cretaceous: a study of the earth surface system coupling from the major geological events[J].Basic science in China,2006,21(7):838-842.

[3] Huang Qinghua.The late Cretaceous strata in Songliao Basin and micropalaeontology [D].Doctoral Dissertation of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.2007:1-76.

[4] Huang Qinghua,Wu Huaichun,Wan Xiaoqiao.New progress of the research on the integration of the Cretaceous in the Songliao Basin[J].Journal of stratigraphy，2011,35(3):250-257.

[5] Zhang Wenjing,Ren Yanguang,Chen Junliang,et al.Xujiaweizi fault depression of Songliao Basin deformation characteristics[J].Petroleum Geology and development in Daqing，2008,27(4):21-29.

Since Du 66 heavy oil block begin hot water chemical flooding development, the reservoir heterogeneity and the high viscosity of heavy oil reservoirs and other factors caused water flooding along the large pore path onrush, water injection invalid cycle, some oil wells water content rise, formation of high water cut, and these problems have affected the effect of hot water injection of experimental area. To solve above problems, Du 66 heavy oil hot water chemical flooding profile control research has been did, optimize the injection quantity, injection concentration, injection rate and other parameters of chromium system profile control agent through laboratory core displacement test, formation of the optimal profile injection parameters of chromium system profile control agent, and evaluate the experiment effect of final injection parameters through laboratory core displacement test. Oil displacement experiment after profile control indicates that after gel the optimized chromium system profile control agent formula under the optimized injection parameters plugging excellently, breakthrough pressure, break through pressure gradient, drag coefficient, plugging ratio, recovery promotion effect and the elevated temperature resistant and scour resistant abilities can meet the site construction requirements.

 

Keywords: Du 66 block, heavy oil, hot water chemical flooding, profile control, injection parameter

[1] Jia Xiaofei, Lei Guanglun. Current situation and development trend of in-depth profile control [J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2009, 16(4): 6-11.

[2] Chen Jiang. The application and research of the optimal design method in polymer microgel conformance treatment [D]. Wuhan: Yangtze University, 2013. 1-76.

[3] Tang Xiaofen, Liu Yuzhang. Study and application of deep profile controllingagent in the SZ36-1 Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin [J].Petroleum Exploration &Development, 2005, 729(6): 109-112.
[4] XiongChunming, Tang Xiaofen.Technologies of water shut-off and profile control: An overview [J]. Petroleum Exploration &Development, 2007, 747(1): 83-88.

[5] Han Yanping. Research on polymer profile control and flooding physical simulation [D]. Daqing: Northeast Petroleum University, 2011. 1-53.

Tight sandstone samples from Fuyu oil layer in Daan oilfield of Songliao Basin were mainly studied in this paper. A 3D digital core model with real pore throat structure was constructed by combining Tomography with advanced "Maxima-Ball". The research showed that the tight siltstone samples had bad pore connectivity. The storage space was mainly composed of intragranular dissolution pores. Image computed porosity was 0.5 %, with an average pore radius of 1.89 um and an average throat radius of 1.01 um. Tomography relative to conventional core testing method had advantages such as results intuitive, rich data and non-destructive to sample. With the further development of computer technology, nondestructive testing technology will become an important technology involved in the oil field exploration and development.

 

Keywords: - Tight sandstone ; Nondestructive testing technology; Maxima-Ball; Pore structure

[1] Gong-Tian Shen. China the progress of nondestructive testing and evaluation technology [J].Nondestructive Testing , 2008, 11:2-6.

[2] Bin Bai, Ru-Kai Zhu, Songtao Wu, et al. Multi-scale method of Nano(Micro)-CT study on modifications inside natural building stones by means of high resolution X-ray CT [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development. 2013(03): 329-333.

[3] Bijeljic B, Muggeridge A H, Blunt M J. Pore-scale modeling of longitudinal dispersion[J]. Water Resources Research. 2004, 40(11):417-427.

[4] Sakwat A A D. Nanoscnaale X-raydi imaging. Nature Photonics. 2010, 4(267): 840-848.

[5] Attwood D. Microscopy: Nanotomography comes of age. Nature. 2006, 442(7103): 642-643.

Multiplication represents one of the major holdups in most digital signal processing system. With advances in technology, many researchers have tried and are trying to design multipliers which offer high speed, low power consumption and hence less area in one multiplier thus making them suitable for various high speed, low power and compact implementation. To achieve speed improvementsBaugh Wooley Multiplication technique used for signed multiplication. It is not widely used because of its complexity of its structure. This paper examines the number of LUT's used by the design from available quantity along with the analysis of IOB's and slices for related & unrelated logic are done.

[1]. AswathySudhakar, D. Gokila VLSI Design Group Department of ECE, "High-Speed Power-Efficient Modified Baugh-Wooley Multipliers", 978-1-4244-7057-0/10@2010 IEEE.
[2]. Rakesh Kumar, "An Efficient Baugh-Wooley Multiplication Algorithm for 32-bit Synchronous Multiplication" [Vol-1, Issue-1, June 2014] ISSN: 2349-6495 IJAERS.
[3]. Andrew D. Booth, "A Signed Binary Multiplication Technique," Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics, vol. 4, pp. 236-240, 1951.
[4]. Charles R. Baugh and Bruce. A. Wooley, "A Two's Complement Parallel Array Multiplication Algorithm," IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. C-22, pp. 1045-1047, 1973.
[5]. K'Andrea C. Bickerstaff, Michael J. Schulte, and Earl E. Swartzlander, Jr., "Reduced Area Multipliers," Proceedings of the 1993 International Conference on Application Specific Array Processors, pp. 478-489, 1993.

 

An in-depth review of existing techniques for loading a data warehouse using differential snapshot algorithms is presented. Further, certain performance bottlenecks have been identified and improvements to the existing state of the art are suggested

 

1. Efficient Snapshot Differential Algorithms for Data Warehousing
Wilburt Labio and Hector Garcia-Molina. 1996. Efficient Snapshot Differential Algorithms for Data Warehousing In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB '96), T. M. Vijayaraman, Alejandro P. Buchmann, C. Mohan, and Nandlal L. Sarda (Eds.). Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA, 63-74.
2. Research problems in data warehousing
Author: Jennifer Widom, Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA Proceedings of CIKM '95 Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Information and knowledge management Pages 25-30
3. The Stanford data warehousing project
Author: Joachim Hammer, Hector Garcia-Molina, Jennifer Widom, Wilburt Labio, and Yue Zhuge Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
4. Course slides: Data warehousing course from University of Stuttgart, Germny
Author: Bernhard Mitschang. University of Stuttgart

The surface waters contain trace levels of pharmaceuticals therefore powerful analytical methods and/or extraction pre-treatment of samples are necessary. But these methods are very expensive and their utilization is therefore limited especially for nonprofit ecological organizations. The aim of this study was to develop a cheap sampling method for routine monitoring of Ibuprofen, Cyproteron acetate, Desogestrel, Ethynilestradiol and Gestodene contents in aquatic environment. The sampling method was developed for sample collection and for concentration enrichment. Proposed sampling method is based on utilization of bags filled with crushed dried Reynoutria Bohemica which were tested by sorption and desorption experiments with model aquatic samples. The sorption capacities were determined from 37.5 to 77.5 mg/g. The optimum desorption conditions were determined (desorption efficiencies from 60.2 to 94.3%). Two UHPLC/MS methods were developed and validated for determination of pharmaceuticals concentrations. Obtained validation parameters enable utilization of these methods for analysis of trace levels of above-mentioned pharmaceuticals. Developed sampling method was applied to monitoring of studied pharmaceuticals contents in surface waters of Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech Republic). The contents of above-mentioned pharmaceuticals in studied waters were established in tens ng/g/24h. It can be stated that proposed method is suitable for routine sampling of surface waters.

 

Keywords: Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Pharmaceuticals; Sampling, Water contamination

[1] H.B. Asberry, Ch.Y. Kuo, Ch.H. Gung, E.D. Conte and S.Y. Suen, Characterization of water bamboo husk biosorbents and their application in heavy metal ion trapping, Microchemical Journal, 113, 2014, 59-63.
[2] P. Paiga, L.H.M.L.M. Santos, C.G. Amorim, A.N. Araújo, M.C.B.S.M. Montenegro, A. Pena and C. Delerue-Matos, Pilot monitoring study of ibuprofen in surface waters of north of Portugal, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20(4), 2013, 2410-2420.
[3] R. Pal, M. Megharaj, K.P. Kirkbride and R. Naidu, Illicit drugs and the environment — A review, Science of the Total Environment, 463-464, 2013, 1079-1092.
[4] Y. Eloriaga, D.J. Marino, P. Carriquiriborde and A.E. Ronco, Human Pharmaceuticals in Wastewaters from Urbanized Areas of Argentina, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 90(4), 2013, 397-400.
[5] Q. Bu, B. Wang, J. Huang, S. Deng and G. Yu, Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the aquatic environment in China: A review, Journal of Hazardous Material, 262, 2013, 189-211.

Cloud computing is that the latest distributed computing model and it offers big opportunities to resolve large-scale scientific issues. However, it presents varied challenges that require to be addressed so as to be with efficiency utilized for progress applications. Although the advancement programing downside has been wide studied, there area unit only a few initiatives tailored for cloud environments. Furthermore, the present works fail to either meet the user's quality of service (QOS) needs or to include some basic principles of cloud computing like the physical property and no uniformity of the computing resources. This paper proposes a resource provisioning and programing strategy for scientific workflows on Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) clouds. we tend to gift associate algorithm supported the meta-heuristic improvement technique, particle swarm improvement (PSO), that aims to reduce the general workflow execution value whereas meeting point in time constraints. Our heuristic is evaluated victimization CloudSim and numerous well-known scientific workflows of various sizes. The results show that our approach performs higher than the present progressive algorithms.

 

Keywords: - Cloud computing, resource provisioning, scheduling, scheduling strategy, scientific workflow, Iaas

[1] G. Juve, A. Chervenak, E. Deelman, S. Bharathi, G. Mehta, and K. Vahi, ―Characterizing and profiling scientific workflows,‖ Future Generation Comput. Syst., vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 682–692, 2012.

[2] P. Mell, T. Grance, ―The NIST definition of cloud computing— recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology‖ Special Publication 800-145, NIST, Gaithersburg, 2011.

[3] E. K. Byun, Y. S. Kee, J. S. Kim, and S. Maeng, ―Cost optimized provisioning of elastic resources for application workflows,‖ Future Generation Comput. Syst., vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 1011–1026, 2011.

Books:

[4] A. Lazinica, Ed. Particle Swarm Optimization. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2009.

[5] Maria Alejandra Rodriguez and Rajkumar Buyya , ―Deadline Based Resource Provisioning and Scheduling‖.

Electrical devices are design to operate at certain range of voltages, when the voltage input to them goes out of the range, their efficiency is affected. Hence, the need to ensure that the buses in a transmission system run within the certified value (±5% of rated values) cannot be overemphasized. This is because whenever the voltage of a particular bus in the transmission system dips below the stated value of the rated voltage, all substations and equipment in that particular bus runs at reduced efficiency and damages may even result. The first is for the control engineer to notice which bus is experiencing voltage dip (VD); the other is to rectify it. To do this, static load flow equations (SLFEs) will be used to monitor the various bus voltages for any VD. Whenever it occurs in any bus, reactive power banks (RPBs) installed in all the buses will be used in its solutions. These RPBs have the ability to generate reactive power which add up and increase the reactive of the system giving raise to voltage stability of the system. In this paper, a 10-bus system voltage was monitored using Gauss-Seidal iterative method of solving SLFEs by a program written in visual basic (VB). This revealed VD in buses 2, 4, 6 and 7 with 300kV, 298kV, 270kV and 306kV respectively. Further simulation shows that by generating RP of 31.8MVAr, 41.7MVAr, 69.2MVAr and 25.6MVAr respectively, the VD problem shall be rectified.

 

Key Words: voltage dip power banks equations

[1] Jabbar, R. A., Al-Dabbagh, M., Akmal, M. and Latif, K. (2002): "Reducing voltage dip on switching on heavy duty loads on power system". IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion Vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 147-152.

[2] Kundur Praha (1994): "Power system stability and control‖". Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company lomited, pp 629-990.

[3] Padiyar K. R. (2009): "Fact Controllers in Power Transmission and Distribution." New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, New Delhi, India.

[4] Abido, M. A. (2009). "Power systems stability enhancement using FACTS" the Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Vol 34, no 2B, pp 154-173.

[5] Donde, V. and Hiskens, A. I. (2002). "Voltage stability and control using tap changing transformer" International Journal of Electric Power and Energy Systems, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 81–97.