Rice husk ash consist of silica , alumina , magnesium oxide , calcium oxide etc A batch experiment were apply and different quantity of adsorbent were use in experiment at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 45,100 mg/L) of copper and lead. And five different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 45,100 mg/L) of copper and lead in mixed combination. It has been found that by using 0.5 to 1.5 g adsorbent for solution having concentration of 5 and 10 mg/L of Cu 92.8 % to 100% Cu was remove. .it was clear from the experiment that the adsorption efficiency depends on the amount of adsorbent. The adsorption efficiency of Pb was increased from 80% to 100% in the same solution (5mg/L).it was also found that adsorption efficiency decreased about 2.8 % and 5.8% of Cu and Pb to mixed metal solution, it is examine that the adsorption efficiency of mixed metals were decreased.

Keywords: Rice husk Ash , Adsorption, Contact time, Heavy metals, Industrial wastewater.

[1] Chindah A. C., Braide A. S. and Sibeudu O. C., Distribution of hydrocarbons and heavy metals in sediment and a crustacean from the bonny new calabar river estuary, Niger Delta, Ajeam-Ragee, 9, 1-14 (2004)
[2] Emongor V., Kealotswe E., Koorapetse I., Sankwasa S. and Keikanetswe S., Pollution indicators in Gaberone effluent, J. Appl. Sci., 5, 147-150 (2005)
[3] Furtado A. A. L., Albuquerque R.T., Leite S. G. F. and Pecanha R. P, Effects of hydraulicretention time on nitrification in an airlift biological reactor, Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 15, 1-7 (1998)
[4] Agarwal A. and Saxena M., Assessment of toxic effect of industrial effluent on aquatic life in the River Gagan at Moradabad-India, Der Chemica Sinica, 2(2),172-176 (2011)
[5] Waziri M. and Ogugbuaja V. O., Interrelationships between physicochemical waterpollution indicators, Am. J. Sci.Ind. Res., 1, 76- 80 (2010)

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) has emerged a promising technology to improve the security of highway transport integrating cellular technology, wireless LAN and adhoc network. It becomes an important component of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) .VANETs are different from MANET by its fast vehicles movement, dynamic information exchange, and do not have battery and storage constraints. The approach of finding and maintaining an effective routing protocol for VANETs is vital issues as VANETs show various distinctive networking research challenges. Here, we discuss different issues of position based routing in VANETs, research challenges and future perspective.

Keywords: VANET, MANET, GPSR, GSR, GSCR, A-STAR

[1] G. Korkmaz, E. Ekici, F. Özgüner, and Ü. Özgüner, ―Urban multi-hop broadcast protocol for inter-vehicle communication systems,‖ in ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, pp. 76–85, 2004.

[2] Jakubiak, J., &Koucheryavy, Y., ―State of the art and research challenges for VANETs‖ In Consumer communications and networking conference, 2008. CCNC 2008. 5th IEEE (pp. 912–916). IEEE.
[3] V. Namboodiri, M. Agarwal, and L. Gao, ―A study on the feasibility of mobile gateways for vehicular ad-hoc networks,‖ in Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, pp. 66–75, 2004.
[4] G. Liu, B.-S. Lee, B.-C. Seet, C.H. Foh, K.J. Wong, and K.-K. Lee, ―A routing strategy for metropolis vehicular communications,‖ in International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), pp. 134–143, 2004.

The aim of this study was to identify factors that have a significant influence on diffusion phenomena that take place during osmotic dehydration. To do this, nine (9) factors were investigated, based on the literature. An experimental design of Plackett-Burman was used to screen for these factors. The study was conducted by fixing for each factor, two levels: low and high. The experimental data were fitted using the chi square test (p-value) and the mean relative deviation (MRD) in order to conclude on factors affecting water loss or solute gain during the osmotic dehydration. Following this work, the molecular weight, temperature and concentration have been identified as factors having a significant influence on water loss (p-value>0.05 ;MRD <10%). The molecular weight, temperature, concentration, and rinsing of the sample have been identified as factors having a significant influence on solute gain for the sample (p-value>0.05 ;MRD <10%).

Keywords: Chi square test ; osmotic dehydration; Plackett-Burman design; solute gain ; water loss

[1] Ade-Omowaye, B. I. O., Talens, P., Angersbach, A., Knorr, D. (2003) Kinetics of osmotic dehydration of red bell peppers as influenced by pulsed electric field pre-treatment. Food Research International, 36 (2003) 475-483.

[2] Akmel D. C., Kakou K. E., Koné K. Y., Assidjo N. E., Kouamé P. (2015). Desorption isotherms and isosteric heats of fermented cocoa beans (theobroma cocoa). Journal of Food Research, 4 (3): 138-147.

[3] Alves, V.D. and Coelhoso, I.M. (2006) Orange juice concentration by osmotic evaporation and membrane distillation: A comparative study. Journal of Food Engineering, 74 (2006) 125-133

[4] Andrade, S.A.C., Neto, B.B., Nebrega, A.C., Azoubel, P.M., Gierra, N.B. (2007) Evaluation water and sucrose diffusion coefficient during osmotic dehydration of jenipapo (genipa America L). Journal of Food Engineering, 78 (2007) 551-555

The adsorption efficiency of Rice husk ash powder for the removal of Cu and Pb was studied as Rice husk ash consist of silica , alumina , mangnesium oxide , calcium oxide etc. The research is a batch scale experiment using different amount of adsorbent in solution with five different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 45,100 mg/L) of both metals and in mixed combination. About 92% to 100% Cu removal achieved by using 0.5 to 1.5 g adsorbent for solution having concentration of 5 and 10 mg/L of Cu. Two main things comes out by the above study, first, the adsorption efficiency depends on the amount of adsorbent as the adsorption efficiency of Pb was increased from 80% to 100% in the same solution (5mg/L). it was also found that adsorption efficiency decreased about 2.5 % and 5.8% of Cu and Pb to mixed metal solution, which clearly indicates that the presence of more metals in the solution will decrease the adsorption efficiency

Keywords: ............................

[1] Chindah A. C., Braide A. S. and Sibeudu O. C., Distribution of hydrocarbons and heavy metals in sediment and a crustacean from the bonny new calabar river estuary, Niger Delta, Ajeam-Ragee, 9, 1-14 (2004)
[2] Emongor V., Kealotswe E., Koorapetse I., Sankwasa S. and Keikanetswe S., Pollution indicators in Gaberone effluent, J. Appl. Sci., 5, 147-150 (2005)
[3] Furtado A. A. L., Albuquerque R.T., Leite S. G. F. and Pecanha R. P, Effects of hydraulicretention time on nitrification in an airlift biological reactor, Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 15, 1-7 (1998)
[4] Agarwal A. and Saxena M., Assessment of toxic effect of industrial effluent on aquatic life in the River Gagan at Moradabad-India, Der Chemica Sinica, 2(2),172-176 (2011)
[5] Waziri M. and Ogugbuaja V. O., Interrelationships between physicochemical waterpollution indicators, Am. J. Sci.Ind. Res., 1, 76- 80 (2010)

Nowadays, there is an increasing trend towards use of non-conventional energy resources. Solar power is an important source of alternative energy, that is abundantly available. The paper proposes an Uninterruptible Power Supply(UPS) scheme using solar energy, as an alternative to the normal UPS.The solar photovoltaic array delivers an output of 18V dc during peak insolation. This electrical energy is stored in a lead acid type battery of 30AH,12 Volt output. The IGBTs, which are high speed , high current devices, with simple firing techniques can act as the Inverter H-bridge.The inverter circuit employs Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) and the firing pulses are generated by the microprocessor. The load from the ac mains to this UPS is transferred through a solid state static switch, without any interruption of the power supply.This microprocessor based system can follow the instantaneous value of the output voltage, as well, can provide overload, overvoltage and undervoltage protection.

Keywords: Photovoltaic, UPS, PWM, IGBT, Inverter

[1] Jäger-Waldau, A., Szabó, M., Monforti-Ferrario, F., Bloem, H., Huld, T. &LacalArantegui, R.Renewable Energy Snapshots(European Commission Joint Research Centre Luxembourg, 2011)
[2] FraunhoferInstitute. Photovoltaics Report(Fraunhofer Institute, Germany, 2012)
[3] J. Jensen, R C Dell, Batteries for solar electricity(Odense University, 5230 Odense M.Denmark)
[4] S.R. Bower, A Midoun, Microprocessor implementation of new optimal PWM switching strategies,IEEE proceedings,vol.135, Pt.B No.5, Sept. 1988
[5] Tobias Bengtsson, HåkanHult,Combining solar energy and UPS ,MS Thesis, KTH School of Industrial Engineering and Management; 2014

Rutting is defined as the accumulation of small amounts of unrecoverable strain resulting from applied loads to the pavement. In sort it is a vertical depression observed in road in longitudinal fashion. Due to repeated heavy axle wheel load, on the path of wheel this depression occurs longitudinally. The present investigation is carried out to propose the use of waste plastic and crumb rubber in bituminous mix of flexible pavements in order to improve their performance and also to give a way for safe disposal of plastic wastes and crumb rubber to provide a solution to threat of environmental pollution as well. In this study the dry process is used for waste plastic modified bituminous concrete mix and wet process..................

Keywords: ......................

[1] Brajesh Mishra, Ravi Shankar Mishra (2015) "A Study on Use of Waste Plastic Materials in Flexible Pavements" IJIRSET Vol.4, Issue 8, August 2015 Ibrahim Sel, YetkinYildirim, and HacerBilirOzhan (2014) " Effect of Test
[2] Temperature on Hamburg Wheel-Tracking Device Testing" Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) ISSN 0899-1561
[3] 3.Satish B K and K. Ganesh (2014) "Rutting studies on 100 mm thick bituminous concrete mix with plain and modified binders at varying temperatures" IndianHighways, June 2014 Vijay B. Kakade and M. Amaranatha Reddy (2014) "Effect of type and quantity of binder on rutting Characteristics of bituminous mix" IndianHighways, March2014M E A Kabbashi (2014) " Rutting Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) during 60 degree temperature" International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention Volume 3 Issue 3 March. 2014 PP.35-40 G.H. Shafabakhsh , M. Sadeghnejad, Y. Sajed (2014) "Case study of rutting performance of HMA modified with waste rubber powder" Journal of Case Studies in Construction Materials, Elsevier (2014) 69–76

The purpose of the study was to contribute information that demonstrates the relevance of well-managed people management and also that it can be really enhanced by the implementation of a more human strategic thinking developed by the manager who values his internal clients, Sustainable organizations. It is possible to affirm that a more humane management contributes to the increase of the motivation and improvement of the satisfaction in the human work. Once the manager manages to implement his philosophy of fair work and also has the goodwill of those who are part of his team. It has been observed that it is necessary................

Keywords: People Management, Humanistic Management, Strategy, Sustainability and Productivity

[1] Abouleish, I. (2004). SEKEM: A sustainable community in the Egyptian desert. Berlin, Germany: Verlag Johannes M. Mayer & Co.
[2] Anderson, R. (1999). Mid-course correction: Toward a sustainable enterprise—The interface model. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green.
[3] Aragón-Correa, J. (1998). Strategic proactivity and firm approach to the natural environment. Academy of Management Journal, 41(5), 556-567.
[4] Banerjee, S. B. (2001). Managerial perceptions of corporate environmentalism: Interpretations from industry and strategic implications for organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 38(4), 489-513.
[5] Bansal, P. (2002). The corporate challenges of sustainable development. Academy of Management Executive, 16(2), 122-131.

Obstacle Detection System(ODS) employs fixed transmitters on the dividers and speed breakers that continuously give out signals indicating it's presence. The vehicle fitted with a receiver will identify these signals and decode the image of the obstacle. The corresponding voice alert is given to the driver. Typically, these systems recognize speed breakers and dividers their primary function is to inform the driver of the upcoming dividers that are interpreted and displayed on a panel fitted on the vehicle dashboard. This project runs on Raspberry Pi platform. Signals through RF can travel through larger distances making it suitable for long range applications. RF signals can travel even when there is an obstruction between transmitter & receiver. Next, RF transmission is more strong and reliable..................

Keywords: Divider, Raspberry Pi, RF module, Speed breaker and Vehicle

[1] Jeffrey Miller, Wolfram Donat, John Harris, "Signal Timing for Fleeting Multiple Intersecting Roadways ," in 15th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems Anchorage, Alaska, USA, September 16-19, 2012.
[2] Amal Al-Husseiny, Moustafa Youssef, "RF-Based Traffic Detection and Identification," IEEE Trans. Educ., 978-1-4673-1881-5/12, pp. 2–21, 2012.
[3] Abdelhamid Mammeri, Azzedine Boukerche,"North-American Speed Limit Sign Detection and Recognition for Smart Cars, 9th IEEE International Workshop on Performance and Management of Wireless and Mobile Networks
[4] Shilpa S. Chavan, Dr. R. S. Deshpande3, "Design of intelligent traffic light controller using Embedded system," Second International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, ICETET-09

With deep and rapid development of industrialization process, a lot of dust particles emissions into the air, including PM2.5 (particle size less than 2.5 μ m particulate pollutants) will cause extremely serious damage to human health, will lead to the occurrence of asthma, bronchitis, lung and cardiovascular disease and other diseases. In addition, PM2.5 will be greatly increased concentration of poisonous and harmful substances in the times and the fog haze weather, affect people's normal travel, the normal growth of plants and animals caused serious harm. If the atmospheric PM2.5 concentration is too high, may "food" in the atmosphere of the water, unable to gather the cloud in the sky, so blue sky and white clouds becomes scarcer than before. Therefore, it is an urgent task to effectively prevent particles from the air, and to reduce the harm to human health

Keywords: ElectrostaticspinningInorganicresidentFiltrationefficiency polysulfone

[1] Zhao Xiaorong, air filtration technology and application (J). Shanxi architecture, 2010, 36 (21): 179-180
[2] Barhate R S,Ramakrishna S. Nanofibrous filtering media: Filtration problems and solutions from tiny materials [J]. Joumal (1) : 1-8
[3] Li Shanshan, He Suwen, et al. Research progress of electrospinning [J]. Synthetic fiber industry, 2009 (4): 47-44
[4] Heikkila P,Taipale A,Lehtimaki M,et al.
[5] Electrospinning of polyamides with different chain compositions for filtration application[J].Polymer Engineering & Science,2008,48(6) :1168-1176

The new results on EM wave scattering by small particles embedded in homogeneous medium are discussed. Such particles can be as the thin perfectly conducting wires or small impedance spheres. The proposed approach is applied to creating the media with a given refraction coefficient or a piecewise constant magnetic permeability. The explicit analytical formulas for the refraction coefficient and magnetic permeability of new inhomogeneous media are main engineering results.

Keywords: Asymptotic Approach, EM Wave Scattering, Inhomogeneous Media, Magnetic Permeability, Refraction Coefficient

[1] J. W. Strutt, On the electromagnetic theory of light, Philos. Msg. Series 5, vol.12, no 73, 1881, 81-101.
[2] G. Mie, Beiträge zur Optik trüber Medien, Speciell kolloidaler Metallösungen, Annalen der Physik, vol. 330, no. 3, 1908, 377-445.
[3] C. F. Bohren and D. R. Huffman, Absorption and scattering of light by small particles (New York: Wiley, 1983).
[4] B. R. Johnson, Light scattering by a multilayer sphere, Appl. Opt., vol. 35, no. 18, 1996, 3286-3296.
[5] J. E. Hansen and L. D. Travis, Light scattering in planetary atmospheres, Space Sci. Rev., vol. 16, no. 4, 1974, 527-610.