Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Centric relation registration possibilities
Country	::	Czech Republic
Authors	::	MDDr. Iva Voborná ||, MDDr. Lenka Foltasová ||, MDDr. Radovan Žižka ||, MUDr. Ivana Dubovská, Ph.D. ||, MUDr. Luboš Harvan, Ph.D.
Page No.	::	01-03

Aim: Our aim was to compare the accuracy of conventional and instrumental method of centric relation registration by the complete edentulous patients in upper and lower jaw. Material and Method: In our study was the file of 167 patients with upper and lower complete denture. The file of patients was devided into two groups. All patients were examined and the upper and lower complete denture were made. By 110 patients was the centric relation registration done using the instrumental method (gothic arch tracing) and by 57 patients was the centric relation registration done using the conventional method (Walkhof method modification using the occlusal rims). Conclusion: The registration of the centric relation is more accurate using the instrumental method.

 

Keywords: Centric relation; Gothic arch tracing; Complete denture; Walkhof method modification

[1] B. Levin, G.D. Richardson, Complete dentute prosthodontics, University of Southern California school of dentistry, 17th edition, 2002.

[2] D.J. Rinchuse, S. Kandasamy, Centric relation: a historical and contemporary orthodontic perspective. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137:494–501

[3] A. Gerber, Herstellung und Vertrieb der Gerber - Condylatoren und Registrierungtensilien nach Prof. Dr. A. Gerber. Condylator – Service, Zürich. 1986

[4] T. Daher, W.A. Lobel, J. Massad, S. Ahuja, Z.J. Danilov, Predictable technique to register retruded contact position using a disposable jaw relation recording device, Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2015 May;36(5):323-329

[5] M. Thakur, V. Jain, H. Parkhas, P. Kumar, A compertaive evaluation of static and functional methods for recording centric relation and condylar guidance: a clinical study, J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2012 Sep;12(3):175-81. doi: 10.1007/s13191-012-0154-5. Epub 2012 Jul 27

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Comparism of Attenuation Effect of Rainfall on Television Signal With/Without (Atpc) Automatic Transmit Power Control
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Orji Hope E. ||, Udeh Ikemefuna J. ||, Offia Innocent S.
Page No.	::	04-08

Attenuation by rain is a major constraint for transmission of microwave signal. The extreme of attenuation due to rain has brought forth the use of Automatic transmit power control ATPC) in microwave system. ATPC varies the transmitter power level (if there is any fluctuation in transmit power) in order to maintain the receiver signal level (CRSL) above the threshold for a desired result. This project discussed the design and performance analysis of ATPC in microwave link by simulating and obtaining measure values of the transmit power for better performance. Simulation is performed by analyzing the effect of ATPC to the transmitted signal level during raining and dry season of the year, the result shows that the ATPC was able to increase the dropped signal strength by 14%.

 

Keywords: ATPC (automatic transmit power control, dry season, raining season, microwave signals signal strength

[1]. Ashok Kumar and Hudiara I.S. (2002) "Measurement of rain induced attenuation of microwave at 19.4GHz IEEE Antenna and wireless propagation letters (AWPL), USA, Vol. 1. Issue 4, pp. 84-86.University
[2]. Asuan – Jung Su and Geraniotis, E. (2002). "Adaptive Closed loop power control with Quantized feedback and look filtering. " Wireless Communications, IEEE Transaction on, Volume 1 Issue: 1. 76-86.
[3]. Gane Robert K. (2012) "Electromagnetic wave propagation through Rain", John Willey & Sons, Inc., New York. Pp. 54-64
[4]. Han, D., and Jia-Jin, L. (2001), Attenuation measurement: Report for rock physicis consortium pp. 2-5 .
[5]. Jeong, J., D.E. Culler & J.H. Oh, (2005) "Empirical Analysis of transmission power control Algorithm for wireless Sensor Network. In Technical Report No. UCB/EEeS

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Analysis of The Effect of Thunder And Lightning Strike on Television Signal Transmission (A Case Study of Nta Enugu.)
Country	::	Nigeria
Authors	::	Orji Hope E. ||, Udeh Ikemefuna J. ||, Offia Innocent S.
Page No.	::	09-12

The lightning strike and thunder and its effect on television signal transmission in Nigerian Television, NTA Enugu Nigeria was analyzed. From the analyses, it was observed that lightning and thunder strike affects television transmissions. This occurs at the beginning and end of the raining seasons of every year. The result showed that the lightning strike and thunder effect causes image fading lost of signal, breaking of images and sometimes causes the station to be out of broadcast. National Communication Commission, NCC should ensure that all television stations in Nigeria be digitalized and powerful/modern lightning arrester and surge protection device be installed to avert the effects of lightning strike and thunder on their stations to keep transmitter "ON" during transmission.

 

Keyword: Television, Transmission, Transmitter, Lightning strike, Thunder strike, Lightning arrester and Broadcast

[1] Adami, D., Marchese, M. and Ronga, L. S. (2000). A quality service guarantee in IP satellite environment, experimental experience in the CNIT-ASI project, integration of multimedia services on heterogenousstatllite networks. Proc. GLOBECOM, Sam Francisco.

[2]. Benjamin F. (1970). Lightning Physics and lightning protections. Institute of Physics Publication, Philadelphia.

[3]. John E. (1998). Rain attenuation on Ka, Ku, V bands Scientific America Inc.

[4] Kithil, R., (2004): The Mechanism of Thunder. National Lightning Safety Institute, 2 pp. www.lightningsfety.com /nlsi_info/thunder.html.

[5]. Martin, G. and Kvicera, V. (2003). Refractive Index Measurement at TV Tower Prague, Radio Engineering. Vol. 12, 5-7.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Effect of The Degree of Elipticity On The Combustion Performance Using Elliptic Double Swirlers
Country	::	Egypt
Authors	::	M. Mohy ||, H. E. Saad ||, M. M. Kamal
Page No.	::	13-21

A comparative study was experimentally carried out on a LPG diffusion flame issuing from a co-swirl burner to highlight the swirler aspect ratio effect on the thermal and chemical flame structures. At the same fuel and air flow rates, three swirlers with aspect ratios of 1.25, 1.4 and 1.5 were compared to a circular baseline swirler, where all swirlers had the same inner and outer swirl angles, the same number of vanes and the same vane spacing. It was found that the ellipticity had a major influence on flame temperature values and their distribution along the furnace, whereas such temperature values are radially asymmetric. In this concern, the maximum temperature was recorded near the minor axis tip with all elliptical swirlers and the aspect ratio of 1.4 resulted in the overall maximum temperature value. In comparison to the case of the circular swirler, the flame was considerably shortened by the elliptical swirlers indicating that the recirculation zone was pushed further upstream particularly with the aspect ratios of 1.4 and 1.5. The flame had a bluish core whose volume increased with the increase of the aspect ratio indicating complete combustion near the fuel nozzle exit. The aspect ratio had a great effect in the levels of pollutant emissions, where the swirler with the aspect ratio of 1.5 caused a decrease of 55% in the level of NOx, 46% in the level of CO and 39% in the level of UHC in comparison to the circular baseline swirler.

[1]. Schadow, K. C., and Gutmark, E., "Review of passive shear-flow control research for improved subsonic and supersonic combustion", 1990.
[2]. Gutmark, E. J., "Passive combustion enhancement using non-circular jets – a review",35th AIAA Aerospace Science Meeting and Exhibit, paper number AIAA-97-0465, Reno,Nevada, January 6-10, 1997.
[3]. Gutmark, E. J., Grinstein, F. F., "Flow control with non-circular jets" Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech.Vol. 31, pp. 239-272, 1999.
[4]. Paschereit, C.O., Stuber, P., Knoepfel, H.-P.,Steinbach, C., Bengtsson, K., and Flohr, P.,"Combustion Control by extended EV burner fuel lance." ASME Turbo Expo'02 Amsterdam,Netherlands, June 3-6, 2002
[5]. A. K. Gupta , D. G. Lilley, N. Syred "Swirl Flows", Abacus press,1984.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	A Study on the Well Combined Shock Structural Interpretation in the East Block of Chao 202-2
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Liu Jiyu ||, Guo Xiaochen ||, Li Wei ||, Sui Chenglong
Page No.	::	22-26

Well combined shock structural interpretation has become an important technology in oil and gas exploration and development, Structural interpretation in the past mainly on the basis of early 2D seismic interpretation results combined with wells drilled breakpoint to carry out faults and structure interpretation, it can not meet the need of oilfield fine potential since the lower combination rate of the breakpoints. Application of well and seismic structure interpretation, combined with the similarity coefficient, well breakpoint guide, multi-window technology linkage comprehensive study, in order to achieve structural interpretation of the results of the closest underground real situation, improve the accuracy of structural interpretation, can find out the whole configuration and fault features, implementation potential fault edge, guiding the corresponding measures for deployment.

 

Keywords: - Well seismic combination, Tectonic interpretation, The breakpoint, coherence

[1] Gregor P. Eberli, Jose Luis Masaferro, J. F. "Rick" Sarg. Seismic imagine of carbonate reservoir and system [J], AAPG Memoir 81,2004.
[2] Sloss,L.L. Sequences in the cratonic interior of North America [J]. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull, 1963,74:93~114.
[3] Connolly P. Elastic impedance[J]. The Leading Edge, 1999, 18(4):438~452.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Research on digital core reconstruction and micro water saturation
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Fengqi Wang ||, Zifeng Cao
Page No.	::	27-30

Rock physics experiment cost is high, long cycle.Based on 3D digital core tocarry out rock physics numerical simulation experiments will make up for its shortcomings.Introduce the basic principle of simulated annealing method, modeling reference function, using simulated annealing method to reconstruct the 3D digital cores, and the use of mathematical morphology simulation methodology to simulate digital core pore fluid distribution.Studies have shown that 3D digital core reconstruction based on the simulated annealing method is convenient and feasible modeling method based on a two-dimensional image of a core, using mathematical morphology method can determine the pore space fluid distribution of different water saturation of digital cores.

 

Keywords: simulated annealing; digital core; water saturation

[1] Jun Yao，Xiucai Zhao，Yanjing Yi，et al．The current situation and prospect on digital core technology[J]．Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency，2005，12(6)：52-55+86．

[2] XuefengLiu，Weiwei Zhang，Jianmeng Sun．Methods of constructing 3-D digital cores：A review[J]．Progress in Geophysics，2013，28(6)：3066-3072

[3] Jianmeng Sun，Liming Jiang，Xuefeng Liu，et al．Log application and prospect of digital core technology[J]．Well Logging Technology，2013，36(1)：1-7．
[4] Jinbin Wan，Baodian Sun，Shoujun Chen，et al．Digital core technology research and its applications[J]．Well Logging Technology，2012，36(2)：154-159．

[5] Xiucai Zhao．Numerical rock construction and pore network extraction [D]．China University of Petroleum(East China)，2009．

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	The advantage passageway of fault conducting oil and gas and its research methods
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Jiang Haiyan ||, Liu Binying
Page No.	::	31-35

Within the basin of secondary hydrocarbon migration is a highly uniform process, in the oil and gas natural without outside interference priority flows through the channel called the advantage. Fault as one of the important channels of oil and gas secondary migration, there are also advantages migration path, advantages related to the fault lose conductor channels including flow channel and cross section advantages of two types. General physical simulation experiment method is used to study to superior channels, the section depth contour method with 3 d geological modeling research section advantage channel.

 

Keyword: fault; oil and gas migration; dominant migrating pathway; research method

[1] Thomas M M, Clouse J A. Scaled physical model of secondary migration [J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79:19~ 59.
[2] Catalan L, Xiao w en F, C hatz is I, et al. An experiment al study of secon dary oil migration [J] . AAPG Bulletin ,1992, 76: 638~ 650.
[3] Hindle A D. Petroleum migration pathways and charge concentration :A three-dimensional model[J]. AAPG Bulletin .1997 .81 (8) :1451-1481.
[4] Luo Xiaorong. Numerical basin simulation method application in geological research[J]. Petroleum exploration and development,2000,27(2):6-10.
[5] Sibs on R H, Moorre J M, Rankin A H. Seism ic pumping :ahydrothermal fluid trans port mechanism[J].Journal of Geological Society,1975,131:653- 659

 

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Application of the Combination of Well and Earthquake in Reservoir Prediction of AoNan Area
Country	::	China
Authors	::	GE Liang ||, WANG Yunzhuan ||, LV Yuanyuan ||, SUI ChengLong ||, LI Wei
Page No.	::	36-40

The study is carried under the prestack time migration processing technology in order to deal with the old data, obtain high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution seismic processing results, and on this basis to carry out fine structure interpretation, reservoir prediction and reservoir comprehensive evaluation study, then further define the structure and fracture distribution characteristics, the distribution rule of reservoir and oil/water distribution characteristics, and at last determine the accumulation mode and rule and the plane distribution of sand body in each layer.

 

Keywords: - sand body; seismic; reservoir prediction;

[1] LU Baokun, SHI Ge. The Research Summary of Logging Data and Seismic Attribute [J]. Journal of Beijing university (natural science edition), 2005, 41(1):154-160.
[2] MA Jinfeng, XU Shenghui, WANG Guishui, GAO Le. The confronting problems and progress of Seismic trace inversion [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2002, 23(4):321-325.
[3] CHEN Yaxin, WEI Fenyun, GAO Lifeng. Application of Reservoir prediction technique in pyroclastic rock in Ying 2 Segment, Yingtai fault depression, songliao basin [J].China Petroleum Exploration, 2013, 18(3):50-56.
[4] WANG Xiaoping, SHANG Jianlin, WANG Linsheng. Application of Geostatistical inversion in Mabei oilfield of junggar basin [J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2013, 34(3):320-323.
[5] LI Zhanglin, WANG Ping, LI Dongmei. Research and application of the calculation methods of Experimental variation function. [J]. 2008,(2):10-14.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	The hydrocarbon accumulation regularity and control factors of Daliuquan and Hexiwu tectonic belt in Es3 formation
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Liu Binying
Page No.	::	41-44

In order to research the hydrocarbon accumulation regularity and predict the favorable zones of the mid-sha3 member in the Daliuquan structure belt, the hydrocarbon distribution regularity of 154 traps and more than 170 wells in this area has been analyzed. he oil source faults are the main oil and gas migration to the reservoir and source rock and the fault of the time-space matching relation. The regional caprock is the prerequisite for oil and gas preservation (change), and the time-space matching relation between faults and controls the oil and gas accumulation horizon. Nearing the oil source faults are intensive belt are favorable for shahejie formation oil and gas accumulation. The sand ground than size controls the degree of lateral distribution.

1. Daliuquan structural belt has the obvious planar zonation, oil and gas distribution characteristics of vertical stratification.
2. The oil source faults are the main oil and gas migration to the reservoir and source rock and the fault of the time-space matching relation
3. The regional caprock is the prerequisite for oil and gas preservation (change), and the time-space matching relation between faults and controls the oil and gas accumulation horizon
4. Nearing the oil source faults are intensive belt are favorable for shahejie formation oil and gas accumulation
5. The sand ground than size controls the degree of lateral distribution.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	The research status of Hailar basin in Jurassic stratigraphic
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Fan Yanwen ||, Yuan Hongqi ||, Guo Sasa
Page No.	::	45-50

Hailaer basin is located in the part of the central Asia, Mongolia aulacogen. Taking the Derbugan fracture as the boundary, the west belongs to Erguna fold system, the east is of Inner Mongolia - the greater hinggan mountains fold system. Basin is divided into three depressions, two uplifts with five first-order tectonic units in total,and in the order from west to east is Jalainur depression, Cuogang uplift, Beier Lake depression, Ba Yanshan uplift and Huhehu depression. It can further divided into four uplifts, 16 depressions with 20 secondary structures. After years of exploration, in Wuerxun, Beier and Hulun Lake three depressions we have found Wuerxun, Bayantala, Hohnoren, Sudeerte ,Huoduomoer , Sunrenuoer ,and Xiaohekou altogether 7 industrial oil and gas accumulation zones. Surrounding the Hailaer basin, the Mesozoic cretaceous formation developed well, Paleozoic strata is better developed, but the Triassic and Jurassic stratas are in the poor with rare field outcrops. However, multiple combinations of rocks , the evolution of Mesozoic Cenozoic structural is so complicated that stratigraphic correlation is beyond description. Furthermore, there still exists divergence on the issue of the division and correlation of Budate group .Besides, the development and evolution of the basin and many other issues need to go through a variety of study approach for further research.

 

Keywords: - Hailar basin; Jurassic stratigraphic; Budate group

[1] Kang baodong, Duan hongwei. Formations characteristics in Tongbomiao Formation and below in Hailaer Basin [J]. Petroleum Geology& Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2005, 24(z1):9-10.
[2] Wang chuanbiao, Zhang ying. Discovery and significance of hailaer basin early cretaceous dinoflagellates and acritarchs[J]. Petroleum Geology& Oilfield Development in Daqing, 1990(3):1-14.
[3] Ye dequan, Zhang ying. Distributional characteristics and biofacies of ostracodes from the gaotaizi reservoir in gulong and the neighbouring areas[J]. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinia, 1995(3):241-250.
[4] Wei kuisheng ,Li daliang. Genetic& Architectural Characteristics of Non-marine Depositional Sequence [J]. Acta sedimentologica sinica, 2002, 20(3):409-415.
[5] Ren yanguang,Zhu Defeng. Geological Characteristics of Deep Layers in Northern Part of Songliao Basin and Orientation for Natural Gas Exploration [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2004, 9(4):12-18.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Coalbed methane reservoir characteristics and well logging evaluation method
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Wang Chao
Page No.	::	51-54

Because the coal seam has the characteristics of double porosity，well logging evaluation method suitable for conventional natural gas cannot explain the correct interpretation of coalbed methane. It is necessary to build a new logging evaluation method on coal seam gas content, permeability, matrix porosity and fracture pore for correct interpretation method. This paper based on the investigation of a large amount of literature data, analyzed some characteristics of coal bed gas in the reservoir and various logging parameters in coal seam. Using the "four high and four low" logging response characteristics of the coal seam to accurately identify the coal seam. Finally, a calculation formula for calculating gas content in coal bed is given.

Key words:-coalbed gas;gas content;porosity;double porosity

[1] Su XB,Lin X Y. Coal bed methane geology[M]. China Coal Industry Publishing House.2007:5-7.
[2] Li P C, Kong X Y, Zeng Q H and Lu D T. Summarizing and annlyzing the factors affecting the coefficient of permeability of coal beds[J]. Natural Gas Industry.2002,22(5):45-49.
[3] Li S C.Coal bed gas well logging technology[J].Zhong Zhou Coal.2007(5):19-20.
[4] Zhang Z Q,Gong J S,Lu J X.Application of density log in CBM reservoir evaluation in Heshun of Shanxi[J].Reservoir Evaluation And development.2013,3(5):66-67.
[5] Dong W W.Study on well logging evaluation methods for coalbed methane reservoir[D].Master Thesis of China University of Petroleum.2011:15-16.