This study investigated the effects of guided inquiry instructional and Cooperative instructional strategies on SS1 students' academic achievement in conceptual understanding of Photosynthesis in Port Harcourt Education Zone of Rivers State, Nigeria. 186 students used for the study were obtained by purposive sampling based on the availability of science laboratory and biology teacher with not less than five years teaching experience. One class of Senior Secondary One (SS1) students from three Co-educational Senior Secondary Schools was randomly assigned to experiment and control groups. The instrument titled for Biology Achievement Test on Photosynthesis (BATOP) was developed, validated and used for data collection. The research questions were answered with Mean and Standard Deviation; while the hypotheses were tested with ANOVA and ANCOVA.........

Keywords: Biology, SS1 Students, Academic Achievement, 5E Guided Inquiry Instruction, Cooperative Instruction, Conceptual Understanding, Photosynthesis, and Gender.

[1] ASA/education/teachers/active.htm (nd).
[2] Adeyelami, D (2011). Practical Work in School Science: Are the Aims and Objectives being Achieved? Science Teachers Association of Nigeria 52nd Annual Conference Proceedings. Okechukwu Abonyi (Ed.). HEBN Publishers.
[3] Aboho,D. A; Agbidye, A and Asooso, L. N (2013). Developing Curriculum on Climate Change at Secondary School level in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Curriculum Studies 20 (2) pp. 47-64 Kanoo T. N (ed)
[4] Ajaja, P.O (2013). Which Strategy best suits Biology Teaching? Lecturing, Concept Mapping, Cooperative Learning or Learning Cycle? Electronic Journal of Science Education 17(1), 1-22
[5] Australian Catholic University (AUC). Teaching Centre (2012). Strategies for Collaborative Learning in Large Groups. Retrieved 21-4-2015.

The concept of the new managed Eco-Physical hydrogen Energetics of Photons (EFhEF – energetics) is introduced. The new set of available data became the basis for classification of energy: "the energetics of molecules (chemical), atoms (physical), and nuclei (quantum). The EFhEF – energetics can be used together with chemical and thermonuclear energetics on the Earth and jointly with thermonuclear energetics outside the Earth. The physical energetics has been introduced as the result of the theoretical and experimental researches of active processes in solar plasma. The problem of Sun's flare activity has been solved. In the first time, in the Nature, the current sheets have been discovered, which in able of to transform the magnetic energy into energy of plasma.For the first time, the EFhEF energetics provided any installation by its own source of energy. The energy is released as photons of continuous radiation..................

Keywords: - The Sun's flares, solar radiation, new physical energetics, hydrogen plasma, environment, organics decomposition, replacement of natural fuels, photosynthesis.

[1] Ostapenko V. A. Solar flares: current sheets on the Sun, ecological hydrogen energetics on the Earth. (ru), Kiev, «Ukraine», 2011, 450 p. (ru).
[2] Ostapenko V. A. Solar flares: current sheets on the Sun, ecological hydrogen power on the Earth. (en), Kiev, "Ukraine", 2012, 185 p. (en, The main text of the doctoral thesis).
[3] Ostapenko V. A. Environmental hydrogen energetics. (ru), Kiev, «Ukraine», 2013, 335 p.
[4] Ostapenko V. A. Energetics of molecules, atoms, and nuclei (1.Energetics: physical and biophysical). Kiev, «Ukraine», 2014, v.1, 370 p. (ru)
[5] Ostapenko V. A. Energetics of molecules, atoms, and nuclei (II.Energetics: chemical and quantum). (ru), Kiev, «Ukraine», 2015, v.2, 292 p. (ru)

The study of digital culture is a multi-disciplinary field that spans many different ethodologies, frameworks and philosophies that explore the relationship between culture and technology. The following is a discourse in digital culture research using the philosophy of scientific revolution (Thomas S. Kuhn) as a key source for understanding the current state of the emerging field. Information Revolution, Scientific Revolution Electronic technology that developed out of the 20th century enabled the cultural prevalence of mass media, in the form of cinema and television and later digital media which provides cultural researchers and philosophers complex new frontiers to explore. Marshall McLuhan in The Gutenberg Galaxy1 and Martin Heidegger in The Question Concerning Technology discuss the idea of media and technology as an extension of mankind that creates new capacity and influence, both intended and unintended, and have sought to understand them in a cultural as well as philosophical context..................

Keywords: - ...................................

[1] Ajzen, I. & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84(5), 888-918
[2] Boonstra, A. (2013). How do top managers support strategic information system projects and why do they sometimes withhold this support?. International Journal Of Project Management, 31(4), 498-512.
[3] Bryman, A. (2003). Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: how is it done?‟ Qualitative research, 6(1), 97 – 113.

Digital watermarking has been proposed as a viable clarification to the necessity of copyright protection and authentication of multimedia system information in a networked environment, since it makes possible to identify the author, owner, distributor or approved client of a document. This paper elaborates quality of discrete cosine transform for image watermarking, DCT based image watermarking technique, classification and analysis of discrete cosine transform primarily based watermarking techniques. Discrete cosine transform and wavelet based mostly image watermarking ways that. It'll be useful for researchers to implement effective image watermarking methodology .the propose algorithmic program to supply information privacy and additional authentication. Watermark embedding into host image. Propose algorithmic program also have good performance in hardiness, reliable and computing complexity.

Keywords: - Watermarking, Visibility, Security, Robustness, Discrete cosine Transform, Reversible data hiding.

[1] A.B. Watson, G.Y. Yang, J.A. Solomon, and J. Villasenor, "Visibility of wavelet quantization noise" IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 6, pp. 1164-1175, Aug. 1997
[2] Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, Steven, L. Eddins, "Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB" Pearson Education, 2007.
[3] IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 6, no. 2, June 2011 307 Embedded Extended Visual Cryptography Schemes Feng Liu and Chuankun Wu.
[4] IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, Vol. 6, No. 3, September 2011 873 Improved Embedding for Prediction- Base Reversible Watermarking Dinu Coltuc, Member, IEEE.
[5] I. Cox, J. Kilian, F. Leighton, and T. Shamoon, "Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia," IEEE Trans. Image Process., vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 1673–1687, Dec. 1997.Mohammad Ali Akhaee,

The volcanic rock lithology and lithofacies identification is an important basis for the work of logging evaluation of volcanic rocks on the rock physics experiment as the foundation, which make full use of the various logging series summarized on the basis of different logging curves of different lithology variation to establish a set of mature volcanic rock identification method. Lithologic identification of volcanic rocks in the block of the long deep 1 block mainly adopts two methods, One is to take the core of the volcanic rock, mainly to take the core observation description, thin section identification and chemical composition analysis of volcanic lithology identification and classification; Two is to take the heart of the volcanic rock, first known core logging calibration and then use ECS, FMI imaging and nuclear magnetic and other advanced logging technology for volcanic lithology identification and classification.

Keywords: - Volcanic rock, ECS logging, FMI imaging

[1] Xiao Shangbin, Jiang Zaixing classification of igneous rock oil and gas reservoirs [J]. petroleum experimental geology, 1999, 21 (4): 324~327.
[2] Deng Hongwen, Zhang Jichang, Zhang Xinpei, et al. Volcanic reservoir characteristics and favorable reservoir prediction of volcanic rock reservoirs in eastern sag of the eastern depression of Liaohe depression [J]. petroleum and natural gas geology, 2007, 28 (3): 370~376.
[3] Cao Yingchang Jiang Zaixing, Qiu Longwei,, Shandong 741 block igneous reservoir space type and formation mechanism of igneous reservoir [J]. rock journal, 1999, 15 (1): 129~136.
[4] Tan Fengqi yaozhenhua, elemental capture spectrum logging in the volcanic reservoir porosity calculation [J]. Foreign logging technology, 2008, 27 (6): 84~87.

We choose sand types needed in the geologic reserves accurate calculation as an example , and discuss the sand types distinguish method in the accurate geologic research static data-base, then give the distinguish method of different sand types .Based on this method ,we can pick up different sand types thickness parameters form the accurate geologic research static data-base, and we can also do the geologic reserves accurate calculation of different sand types.

Keywords: - Static data-base Sand type Sediment unit Effective thickness Geologic reserves

[1] Liu Jiyu,Sui Xinguang,Yu Runtao.Method of fine calculation of geologic reserves[J].Marine Geology Letters ,2003,19(9):31-34;
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The single crystal of L- Lucinedoped NickelSulphateHexa Hydrate (NSH) was grown from slow evaporation technique for different molar concentrations, viz., (0.2 to 1 mole% in steps of 0.2). The crystallinty, cell parameter and cell volume of the grown single crystals was estimated by powder X-ray diffraction studies. The mechanical power of the crystals wasstudied by Vicker's micro hardness testing. The electrical study was carried out for both pure and doped NSH crystals.

Keywords: - Crystal growth, X-ray diffraction, Electrical, Optical properties.

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