In order to solve the problems of low accuracy and poor generalization ability, a new method to identify lithology by machine learning is proposed.In Mahu depression X723 wells Baikouquan formation as an example, first of all, the logging data standardization, eliminate the differences between classes of data; secondly, feature selection, selection of sensitive to lithology logging data; finally, using random forest, BP neural network, C5.0, SVM models. The results show that the machine learning methods on the accuracy of area lithology identification with high rate of up to 87.5%. The method is novel and effective, and can be popularized.

Keywords: Identify lithology; Mahu depression; machine learning methods

[1]. Larose D T. Data Mining Methods and Models. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.
[2]. Mohaghegh S D. A new methodology for the identification of best practices in the oil and gas industry, using intelligent systems. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2005,49(3～4):239～260.
[3]. Guangren Shi, Xingxi Zhou, Guangya Zhang, et al. The use of artificial neural network analysis and multiple regression for trap quality evaluation: A case study of the Northern Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin in western China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2004,21(3):411～420.
[4]. Tan P , Steinbach M and Kumar V.Introduction to Data Mining .A ddison Wesley , 2005
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The investigation of a 16x10Gbps WDM transmission system on 0.8nm channel spacing over 1680km optical link distance with Single Mode Fiber (SMF) is predicted. Two different modulation techniques namely NRZ and RZ are examined. It is analyzed the BER, Q values and eye opening factor for this model using two different modulation formats. The simulation results show the dominance of WDM transmission exploiting NRZ encoding technique for long-haul optical transmission system. It is found that Q penalty is 0.68dB for channel 1 and 0.24dB for channel 8 considering eye diagrams with respect to NRZ and RZ modulation formats.

Keywords: WDM, EDFA, SMF, DCF, BER, Q Factor, Eye opening factor

[1] G. Bosco,A. Carena, V. Curri, R. Gaudino, and P. Poggiolini, “On the Use of NRZ, RZ, and CSRZ Modulation at 40 Gb/s With Narrow DWDM Channel Spacing”, JLT, VOL. 20, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2002

[2] Monirul Islam, N. Ahmed, Sharafat Ali, S. A. Aljunid, R. B. Ahmad, Md. Shawkat Ali, “Hybrid (OCDMA/WDM) System with DPSK Modulation Using Different Detection Technique at Bit Rate 2.5Gbps for Optical Access Network”, IJMOT, VOL.11, NO.4, JULY 2016

[3] Rajdi AGALLIU, “Comparison of Modulation Formats in Fiber-Optic Transmission Systems”, POSTER 2015, PRAGUE MAY 14

[4] Rupinder Kaur, Sanjeev Dewra, “Evaluation of Wavelength Division MultiplexingSystem using Different Modulation Formats”, IJARCCE, Vol. 4, Issue 6, June2015

[5] Jinyu Mo, Yang Jing Wen, Yi Dong, Yixin Wang, Chao Lu, “Generation, detection and characterization of optical minimum shift keying data format”, Optics Communications 270, 396–401(2007)..

A Hybrid Power Control System (HPCS) that gives out a single output has been designed to enable the automatic operation and transfer of power supply from three sources (public utility supply, photovoltaic system and ac generator). The Hybrid Power Control System provides a functional system that provides an automatic switching of power supply between the primary source (public utility) and two alternative sources (photovoltaic system and generator). The method employed in designing the HPCS involves the use of contactors, ATMEGA16L microcontroller, relay and motor drivers as part of the major components in the design. Also incorporated in the HPCS is a 12Vdc and a 5Vdc power supply unit, optocouplers and a liquid crystal display (LCD) for displaying the status of the HPCS at any particular time. The hybrid power control system demonstrates its ability to perform automatic power change over activities with no human interaction.

Keywords: Hybrid Power Control System (HPCS), Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS), relays, contactors.

[1]. Agbetuyi, A. F., Adewale, A. A., Ogunluyi, J. O., & Ogunleye, D. S. (2011). Design and Construction of an Automatic Transfer Switch for a Single Phase Power Generator. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 2(May), 1–8.
[2]. Ahmed, M. S., Mohammed, A. S., & Agusiobo, O. B. (2006). Development of a Single Phase Automatic Change Over Switch. AU Journal of Technicial Report, 10(1), 68–74.
[3]. Amuzuvi, C. K., & Addo, E. (2015). A Microcontroller Based Automatic Transfer Switching System for a Standby Electric Generator. Ghana Mining Journal, 15(1), 85–92.
[4]. Brown, B., Guditis, J., Critical, S. D., & Competency, P. (2006). Critical-Power Automatic Transfer Systems – Design and Application. IEEE Central TN Section, 1(August), 1–18.
[5]. C, E. K., Uchenna, N., Henry, O. kelechi, & Amaka, E. (2015). Microcontroller Based Power Change-Over Switching System With Generator Shutdown. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology, 2(8), 2184–2189.

The Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) field of data mining is useful in finding trends, patterns and anomalies in the databases which is helpful to make accurate decisions for the future. Association rule mining is an important topic in data mining field. Association rule mining finds collections of data attributes that are statistically related to the data available. Apriori algorithm generates all significant association rules between items in the database. Besides, ACO algorithms are probabilistic techniques for solving computational problems that are based in finding as good as possible paths through graphs by imitating the ants' search for food................

Keywords: .........

[1] Chen C.-H., Hong T.-P., and Tseng V.S., A Cluster-Based Fuzzy-Genetic Mining Approach for Association Rules and Membership Functions, IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp. 1411 - 1416, 2006.
[2] Kayaa M., Alhajj R., Genetic algorithm based framework for mining fuzzy association rules, Fuzzy Sets and Systems , Vol. 152, No. 3, pp. 587-601, 2005.
[3] Tsay Y. J., Chiang J. Y., CBAR: an efficient method for mining association rules, Knowledge] Based Systems,Vol. 18, No. 2-3, pp. 99-105, 2005.
[4] Agrawal R., Imielinski T., and Swami, A., Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases, In proceedings of ACM SIGMOD conference on management of data, pp. 207-206, 1993.
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The glass molding press (G-M-P) process was applied in manufacturing the glass array aspherical lens. Instead of lithography process that required high production cost and that is capable of forming aspherical shape but incapable of forming high order aspherical shape. To obtain high order aspherical shape, mold core manufactured by using ultra-precision machine. As to the machined mold core and glass array lens was measured by Form TalySurf PGI 2+ contact stylus profilometer. The measurement data of mold core were suitable for below 0.15 um which was the design criterion. In addition, glass array lens were suitable for below 0.8 um. Also, by achieving the high order aspherical shape, the coupling efficiency could be further increased than the existing array lens and high productivity and low cost could be achieved through the molding process.

Keywords: Glass, Array lens, Aspherical, Glass molding, Ultra-precision machining

[1] M. Severi and P. Mottier, Etching selectivity control during resist pattern transfer into silica for the fabrication of micro lenses with reduced spherical aberration, Optical Engineering, 38 (1),1999, 146-150.
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With the increase of the world population, urbanization and industrialization, the volume of generated municipal solid waste (MSW) has increased and creating a challenge problem for public authorities mainly in developing countries. Most of these countries are still disposing MSW in dumpsites. Without adequately treatment, MSW causes damage to the public health and to the ecosystem. One route to divert the MSW from dumpsite is recycling and incineration. Recycling economizes natural resources, water and energy and reduces emissions while incineration minimizes the need of big area for landfills, produces electricity, hot water, with minus emissions. In Brazil, for example, about of 95% of MSW is disposed in sanitary landfills and open e closed dumpsites.................

Keywords: Energy, emissions, incineration, municipal solid waste, recycling

[1] CEWEP/EEA, Graph on the treatment of municipal waste in Europe Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants, 2014.http://www.cewep.eu/information/recycling/
[2] Eurostat, Sustainable development in the European Union: A statistical glance from the viewpoint of the UN sustainable development goals Statistical books: Luxembourg, 2016.
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[4] MOE, History and Current State of Waste Management in Japan Ministry of the Environment, 2014.https://www.env.go.jp/en/recycle/smcs/attach/hcswm.pdf .
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In this paper a novel model for wind speed frequency distribution (WSFD) is proposed and tested using the Egyptian Atlas wind data for 29 areas. The accuracy of this model, named 3-M model, is proved to be the same as Weibull model accuracy but with less complexity and lower calculation time. The capacity factor and the cost/kWh generated are derived as function of rated speed of the wind turbine, from which the optimum rated speed of the wind turbine that leads to minimum cost/kWh generated is derived. The results of this analysis can be applied for any country at any site with known wind profile.

Keywords: Wind Energy, Wind modelling, Capacity factor and Cost factor.

[1] M. O'malky and B. Kroposki, Unlocking flexibility-energy system integration, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, January-February 2017, 10-14.
[2] Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC 2016), http://www.gwec.net/wpcontent/ uploads/vip/GWEC_PRstats2016_EN_WEB.pdf
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[4] M. A. Saleh, M. N. F. Nashed, and M. N. Eskander, Wind Driven SM-BDFIG for Remote Areas in Egypt, International Journal of Engineering Research, 5(12), 2016, 905-910.
[5] Wind Atlas for Egypt Measurements and Modelling 1991-2005 (the New and Renewable Energy Authority (NREA), the Egyptian Meteorological Authority (EMA) and DTU Wind Energy, 2006).

Domination Theory is an important branch of Graph Theory that has wide range of applications to various branches of Science and Technology. A new family of graphs called Butterfly Graphs is introduced recently and study of its parameters is under progress. Butterfly Graphs are undirected graphs and are widely used in interconnection networks. A subset D of V(G) is called a triple dominating set of G if every vertex in V is dominated by at least three vertices in D. Cardinality of the minimum triple dominating set is called the triple domination number of G and is denoted by  x 3(G) .In this paper we present results about triple domination number of Butterfly Graphs BF(n) .

Keywords: Butterfly graph, Domination set, Triple domination set

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Presently, executing construction projects is highly mechanized and becoming more so every day. During the construction phase, selection of right equipment has always been a key factor in the success of any construction project. Nowadays, since the emerging notion of environmental sustainability in construction sector, selection of construction equipment does not only take into account engineering and economic issues but also should consider environmental and social issues. In this context, selecting the most appropriate equipment for a certain construction project is a big challenge..................

Keywords: Construction equipments; sustainable selection; environmental sustainability; construction phase; Vietnam

[1]. Mahbub, R., Readiness of a developing nation in implementing automation and robotics technologies in construction: A case study of Malaysia. Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2012. 6(7): p. 858.
[2]. Shapira, A. and M. Goldenberg, AHP-based equipment selection model for construction projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 2005. 131(12): p. 1263-1273.
[3]. Tatari, O. and M. Skibniewski, Integrated agent‐based construction equipment management: Conceptual design. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 2006. 12(3): p. 231-236.
[4]. Samee, K. and J. Pongpeng, Structural equation model for construction equipment selection and contractor competitive advantages. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 2016. 20(1): p. 77-89.
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The present work deals with optimization of material removal rate in micro holes machining of SS316 sheet materials using copper electrode of diameter 300μm, 500μm, 900μm on Die sinker Electrical discharge machining with input parameters of current (I), Time –on (T-on), Time –off (T-off) Experiment were conducted by taguchi L9 orthogonal Array design has been studied.

Keywords: Die Sinker EDM, Material removal rate, Micro holes, Taguchi L9 OA

[1]. Kansal HK, Singh S, Kumar P (2005) Parametric optimization of powder mixed electrical discharge machining by response surface methodology. J Mater Process Technol 169(3):427–436
[2]. Singh SK, Kumar N, Kumar A (2014) Experimental investigations of EDM to optimize surface roughness of titanium alloy (Ti-6AL-4V) through Taguchi's technique of design of experiments. Int J Curr Eng Technol.
[3]. Swapan B, Vijay B, Nagahanumaiah C, Purid A B (2014), "Surface Texture and Elemental Characterization of High Aspect Ratio Blind Micro Holes on Different Materials in Micro EDM", Procedia Materials Science 3rd International Conference on Materials Processing and Characterisation (ICMPC 2014), Vol. 6, pp. 304 – 309
[4]. Pradhan D, and Jayswal S C (2011),"Behavior of Copper and Aluminum Electrodes on EDM of EN-8 -Alloy Steel",International Journal of Engineering, Science & Technology, Vol. 3, No. 7, pp.5492–5499.
[5]. Mohamad A B et al. (2012), "Optimization of EDM Process Parameters Using Taguchi Method", International Conference on Applications and Design in Mechanical Engineering

Singular value decomposition(SVD) plays a vital role in matrix transformation. It is the basis on which number of vector- based methods like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Analysis. As we work with big data, there is a chance of facing these methods rather frequently.by transforming the matrix in multiple ways using SVD, it makes us to check the meaning of words from various angles. Usually a matrix can be decomposed into 3 matrices. A is the original matrix, and U and V are the new basis. And D stands in between U and Metrics only has diagonal elements are similar values of A.............

Keywords: SVD; PCA; Big Data

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