It is a well-known fact that every plant has an occurrence matrix and every matrix has a well known diagonal singular value matrix. If this singular value matrix is dimensionally reduced, it is as good as eliminating the disturbances and hence the uncertainties. Once these uncertainties are eliminated a robust stability can be achieved as this information can be fed back to improve error performance It is a derived fact that stability is associated with eigen values of the matrix and maximum gain corresponds to the eigenvectors associated to the maximum eigen value. This idea has been brought forward in this technical paper and it illustrates the QFT-ICST-SVD-PCA based novel hierarchical algorithm to control MIMO uncertain plant. The controller is designed through this algorithm which is executed in the matlab environment.

Keywords: ICSP, ICST, MIMO, QFT, SVD, STM, PCA, Occurrence Matrix.

[1] Anderson, B. D. and Moore, J. B. (1971). Linear Optimal Control. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
[2] Doyle, J. C. (1978). Guaranteed margins for LQG regulators. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, AC-23(4):756–757.
[3] Doyle, J. C., Glover, K., Khargonekar, P. P., and Francis, B. A. (1989). State-space solutions to standard H2 and H∞ control problems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic control, 34(8):831–847.
[4] Gera, A. and Horowitz, I. M. (1980). Optimization of the loop transfer function, .International Journal of Control, 31(2):389–398.
[5] Horowitz I.M, (1959), Fundamental theory of automatic linear feedback control systems. I.R.E. Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. 4, December, pp. 5-19.

Disc brakes have been failing for quite a lot of times during extreme conditions of braking which eventually brings down the efficiency and performance of the dis rotor. This can be due to excess temperatures acting at one place of the disc which deforms the disc.The material used in these disc brakes are not very rigid so the vehicles are prone to accidents. Thus the main aim of this paper is to mitigate the failure by using a material which will overcome the negatives of all the current materials used in a disc brake. Static analysis is done on the disc rotor to validate the ductility and a thermal analysis is done to determine the heat flux acting on the disc. The temperature distribution around the disc rotor is also analysed...........

Keywords: ...........

[1] Viraj Parab, Kunal Naik- "Structural and Thermal Analysis of Disc Brake", IJEDR Volume2, Issue2, ISSN:2321-9939.
[2] Yogesh H. Mishra, Prof.Vikas R Deulgaonkar, Dr. P.A. Makasare- "Design and Optimisation of disc brake rotor", International Engineering Research Journal, pp 288-300.
[3] Manjeet Singh, Anand Baghel, Janmit Raj- "Study on the analysis and Optimisation of disc break", IJEMR,Volume 6 Issue 6, pp 1-7.
[4] C. Radhakrishnan, K. Yokeshwaran, M. VenkadeshPrasadh, A. Vishnuhasan, T. Vimalraj, M. Velusamy- "Design and Analysis of Disc Brake with Titanium Alloy", IJISET,Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2015.
[5] V.M.M. Thilak, R. Krishnaraj, Dr. M. Sakthivel, K. Kanthavel, Deepan Marudachalam M. G, R. Palani- "Transient Thermal and Structural Analysis of the rotor disc of disc brake", IJSER, Volume 2, Issue 8, August 2011.

Significant risks for human health may results from exposure to non pathogenic toxic contaminants that are often globally ubiquitous in waters from which drinking water is derived to measure the Boron, B 10 5 concentration in water samples in North of Basra governorate in Iraq. The measurements were performed by analyzing the water samples collected from 55 locations using Carmine method. The Boron concentrations which is obtained ranged from 0.525 ppm in Al Qurna - Al Nahirat (3) to 1.089 ppm in Al Hawair - Company Street in water samples. The results are presented and compared with other studies...............

Keywords: Boron, Carmine method , Basra governorate, soil samples ,Boric Acid.

[1]. WHO.World Health Organization. Environmental Health Criteria 204: Boron. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization (as cited in U.S. EPA, 2004). 1998.
[2]. W.G. Woods, Environ. Health Perspect., 25, 1994 , 710.
[3]. W.G., Woods, Environ Health Perspective, 1994, 102, Supplement 7, 5-11.
[4]. P. Argust, Biological Trace Element Research, 66 (1-3), 1998,131-143.
[5]. D.S. Kostick, Mineral Yearbook: Boron, United States Geological Survey, 2006.

It's Very Important For Patients As General And Specially Patients Who Must Have Their Medication Permanently (Diabetics And Hypertension Ect.) Sometimes They Need To Be Reminded ,This Frequent Observation Shows That People Give More Interest To Their Work And Other Stuff Than Taking Care Of Their Health . It Is Important To Design And Implement Low Cost Useful Programmable Reminding System To Help Those Patients .This System Has An Ability To Remind People About Dose Time , Dose Amount Of Medication And Sending SMS To Nursing Staff For More Accuracy And Reliability, A Matrix Keypad Is Used To Program The Respective Time Of The Medicine Based On RTC (Real Time Clock) Interfaced To The Microcontroller, Then The Programmed Time Is Displayed On The LCD In Conjunction With A Buzzer Sound To Alert The Patient . The System Has Successfully Overcome Quite A Few Shortcoming Of The Exciting System By Reducing Power And Providing Good Flexibility As Well As Using The A Wireless Communication Networks.

Keywords: Medication Reminder System, RTC, GSM, Alarm System

[1] Sonam, V.Maju, Abeera V.P, Asecure Health IOT For Patient Monitoring With Intelligent Medicine Box, International Journal Of Electronics Communication And Computer Engineering, Volume 6, Issue(5),Sept 2015.
[2] Deepti Ameta, Kalpana Mudaliar And Palak Patel, MEDICATION REMINDER AND HELTHCARE- AN ANDROID APPLICATION, International Journal Of Managing Public Sector Information And Communication Technology(IJMPICT), Vol.6,No.2,June2015.
[3] Yu_Linang Kuo, Chiun_Cheng –Chelu, Yi-Wu, Intelligent Reminder System For Taking Of Medicine And Potential Interation, Chung Shan Medical Journal 26. 15-22,2015.
[4] Urvashi Sharma, Etal, ARDUINO BASED MEDICATION REMINDER , AGU International Journal Of Engineering Technology(AGUIJET),Vol.No.3,Jul-Dec,2016

Today An Extensive Range Of Systems Require Sophisticated Identification To Verify Or Determine The Identity Of A Person. The Principle Of These Systems Is To Make Sure That The Services Provided Are Accessible By A Genuine User Only. In This Paper, An Efficient And Robust Multi-Modal Biometric System Is Proposed That Used Finger Knuckle Print (FKP) And Iris As Input Biometric Modalities For Verification. To Extract Feature Set From FKP, Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) And Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) Methods Are Used. Log-Gabor Wavelet Is Used To Extract Iris Feature Set. In Proposed System, Matching Scores Of Two Biometric Modalities FKP And Iris Are Fused For Verification. The Performance Of Proposed System Has Been Examined By Public Database Polyu For FKP And CASIA Iris Database In MATLAB R2009a.

Keywords: FKP, Feature Extraction, Fusion, Iris, SIFT, SURF.

[1] Jain, A.K., Bolle, R., Pankanti, S., Biometrics: Personal Identification In Networked Society. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.
[2] Down, Michael P., And R. J. Sands. "Biometrics: An Overview Of The Technology, Challenges And Control Considerations." Information Systems Control Journal 4: 53-56, 2004.
[3] Woodard D.L, Flynn P.J., Finger Surface As A Biometric Identifier, Computer Vision And Image Understanding 100 (3) 357–384,2005.
[4] Morales, Travieso A., Ferrer C., And Alonso M.,―Finger-Knuckle-Print Verification Based On Band-Limited Phase-Only Correlation,‖ Electronics Letters, Vol. 47, No. 6, Pp. 380-381,2011.
[5] Ross, A. And Jain, A.K. ―Human Recognition Using Biometrics: An Overview‖, Annals Of Telecommunications, Vol. 62, No. ½, Pp. 11-35, Jan/Feb 2007.

In The Current Era Of Global Warming, Air Pollution Has Been One Of The Major Sources Of Environmental Pollution In India. Petrochemical Hubs Spread Across Various Industrial Clusters Of The Country Are A Major Source Of Air Pollution. This Paper Primarily Focuses On The Ambient Concentrations Of Pollutants, Namely Pm10, So2 And No2 And Air Quality Indices In The Major Polluted Petrochemical Industrial Clusters Of India. Five Petrochemical Industrial Clusters Viz., Ankleshwar, Haldia, Manali, Manglore And Navi Mumbai Earlier Identified By Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi As Critically Polluted Areas In 2009 Have Been Chosen For The Present Study............

Keywords: Petrochemical Industrial Clusters; Air Quality Standards; Air Quality Index; Health Effects

[1] Kim Ys. A Literature Review On Indoor Air Quality In Korea. J Korean Public Health Assoc 1992;18:147–65.
[2] Wallace L, Quakenboss J, Rhodes C. Awma/Epa. Symposium On The Measurement Of Toxic And Related Air Pollutants; 1997. P 860 –71. [Research Triangle Park, Nc.
[3] David J. Fungi As Contaminant In Indoor Air. Atmos Environ 1992;26:2163–72. Indian Institute Of Toxicology And Research (Iitr), Lucknow. Assessment Of Ambient Air Quality Of Lucknow City During Pre-Monsoon. 2012 — A Report; 2012.
[4] Misra P, Srivastava R, Krishnan A, Sreenivaas V, Pandav Cs. Indoor Air Pollution-Related Acute Lower Respiratory Infections And Low Birth Weight: A Systematic Review. J Trop Pediatr 2012;58(6):457–66.
[5] Khan Ah, Ansari Fa, Patel Dk, Siddiqui H, Sharma S, Ashquin M, Et Al. Indoor Exposure To Respirable Particulate Matter And Particulate-Phase Pahs In Rural Homes In North India. Environ Monit Assess 2010;170(1–4):491–7.

ECG signal analysis is very essential for the diagnosis of most of the cardiac diseases. ECG is a recording method of electrical impulses which are generated in the heart. The useful information about the functionality of the human heart is provided by the ECG interpretation. While the ECG is a nonlinear or non-stationary signal, the slight changes in its amplitude and duration are not well explained in time and frequency domains. The intervals and amplitudes of the ECG waves describe the different features required for the ECG signal analysis such as statistical feature, morphological feature, and temporal features etc. The P-QRS-T waves in ECG signal represent one cardiac cycle and the normal heartbeat ranges between 60 to100 beats per minute..........

Keywords: ECG, feature extraction, FFT, STFFT, DWT, PCA, LDA, classification, SVM, ANN etc.

[1]. Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kesper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jamesonn JL, Loscalzo J (2008) Harrison's principles of internal medicine, 17th edn. Mc-Graw Hill, New York.
[2]. Park K (2005) Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 18th edn. Banarsidas Bhanot publishers, India.
[3]. Hsun-Hsien Chang and Jos´e M. F. Moura "Biomedical Signal Processing" ed. Myer Kutz, in biomedical engineering and design handbook, 2nd edition, Vol. 1, Mc-Graw Hill. 2010, chapter 22, pp. 559-579.
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[5]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_extraction.

Biometric Authentication Systems Are Used Widely As A Part Of Many Softwares Or Applications. These Are Of Generally Two Types: Unimodal Biometric System And Multimodal Biometric System. Unimodal Uses One Biometrics And Multimodal Uses More Than One Biometrics. Unimodal Systems Are Less Preferred Because Of Physiological Defects. Here, Multimodal Biometric System Is Proposed Using Two Biometric: Face And Fingerprint. In The Proposed System, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA), Minutiae Extraction And Multi-Layer Neural Network (MLNN) Are Used. Minutiae Points Are Extracted From Fingerprint Images............

Keywords: Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm, Minutiae Extraction, Multilayer Neural Network, Principal Component Analysis.

[1]. Gonzalez, R.C. "Digital Image Processing", Pearson Education India, 2nd Edition, Pp 1-28, 2009.
[2]. Reddy Ch Venkata Rami, KV Krishna Kishore, U. Srinivasulu Reddy, And M. Suneetha. "Person Identification System Using Feature Level Fusion Of Multi-Biometrics." International Conference On Computational Intelligence And Computing Research (ICCIC), IEEE, Pp. 1-6, 2016.
[3]. Kanade Sanjay, Dijana Petrovska-Delacrétaz And Bernadette Dorizzi, "Multi-Biometrics Based Cryptographic Key Regeneration Scheme.", In Biometrics: Theory, Applications, And Systems, BTAS'09, IEEE 3rd International Conference, Pp. 1-7, 2009.
[4]. Kumar Ajay, And Sumit Shekhar. "Personal Identification Using Multibiometrics Rank-Level Fusion.", IEEE Transactions On Systems, Man, And Cybernetics, Part C (Applications And Reviews), Vol 41, No. 5, Pp 743-752, 2011.
[5]. Rathgeb Christian, And Christoph Busch, "Cancelable Multi-Biometrics: Mixing Iris-Codes Based On Adaptive Bloom Filters.", Computers And Security, Vol. 42, Pp 1-12, 2014.

Total Quality Management (TQM) Is Based On A Number Ideas And Concepts. It Means Thinking About Quality In Terms Of All Functions Of The Enterprise And Is A Start – To – Finish Process That Integrates Interrelated Functions At All Levels. The Problem Appears By Defining The "Total Quality" Term. In This Paper, Quality Is Not Only Meeting Customer's Requirements, Formal And Informal, At Lowest Cost, First Time And Every Time, It Includes Also The Requirements Of The Environment. This Requires The Enlargement Of Traditional TQM Concepts And The Creation Of A New Model And Framework For Environmentally Conscious TQM (ECTQM) Where TQM Is Within "Design For Environment".

Keywords: Quality, Total Quality Management, Design For Environment, Environmental Management System, Sustainability.

[1] Joel E. Ross, "Total Quality Management, Text, Cases And Readings", St. Lucie Press. 2013
[2] Oakland, J.S., "Total Quality Management", 4th Edition, Oxford, 2012
[3] L.M. Bennett & M.A. Kerr, "A System Approach To The Implementation Of Total Quality Management" Journal Of Total Quality Management, Vol.7 No.6, 1996
[4] Oakland J.S.& Sohal A. S. "Total Quality Management, Text With Cases" Pacific Rim Edition, 2001
[5] Chris Gruner, "Integration Of EMS And DFE: Current Practice And Future Trends" 6th International Seminar On Life Cycle Engineering, 2007.

Concrete Is The Main Component Of Today's Constructions. Typically Concrete Consists Of Mixture Of Cement, Sand And Coarse Aggregate. Manufacturing Of Cement Creates Pollution Which Possess Threat To Living Beings. Hence Need For Safer Cement Alternative Materials Is Increasing. Silica Fume Is One Such Alternative Material Obtained As A By-Product In Ferrosilicon Alloy And Silicon Production That Predominantly Contains Silica. Hence In The Present Study An Attempt Is Made In Replacing Cement With Silica In Different Proportions In Concrete To Obtain An Optimum Percentage Of Silica Fumes For Effective Use In Concrete.Also Polypropylenefibres Are Used As Secondary Reinforcement In The Concrete Under Study. The Study Showed That Use Of 5% Silica Fumes In Combination With 0.2% Polypropylenefibres In Concreteresulted In 17% Increase Ofcompressive Strength In Comparison To Conventional Concrete.

Keywords: Silica Fumes, Polypropylenefibres, Concrete.

[1] Mehta Pk. Greening Of The Concrete Industry For Sustainable Development. Concr Inter 2002;July: 23–28.
[2] Keun-Hyeok Y. Assessment Of Co2 Reduction Of Alkali-Activated Concrete. J Cleanprod 2013;39:265–72.
[3] Grzegorz Ludwik Golewski, (2018), "Effect Of Curing Time On The Fracture Toughness Of Fly Ash Concrete Composites", Composite Structures, 185, 105-112.
[4] Ashish Kumer S., (2018), "Effect Of Class F Fly Ash On The Durability Properties Of Concrete", Sustainable Environment Research, 28, 25-31.
[5] Ravinder Kaur S., Rafat Siddique, (2017), "Influence Of Rice Husk Ash (Rha) On The Properties Of Self-Compactingconcrete: A Review", Construction And Building Materials, 153, 751-764.

In this study, the formant transition of vowel /a/, /i/ and /u/ following the voiced and voiceless labial, alveolar and velar stops are analyzed, and it is found that for voiced labial stop, whether the preceding vowels are /a/, /i/, or /u/, the formant transitions of F1and F2 are always rising. For the voiced alveolar stop, results show that formant transitions for the first formants of /a/ and /i/ are rising, but that for the first formant of /u/ is a level transition. After voiceless labial stop, formant transition for the first formants of /a/ is rising, that of vowel /u/ is falling, but that for the first formant of vowel /i/ is level. For the voiceless stops, the formant transitions tend to be falling, while when the preceding consonants are voiced, formant transitions tend to be rising. When the preceding consonant is labial, the formant transition tends to be rising.

Keywords: Formant, vowel, stop consonant

[1] Kewley-Port, D., Pisoni, D.B., Studdert-Kennedy, M. 1983. Perception of static and dynamic acoustic cues to place of articulation in initial stop consonants. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73, 1779–1793.
[2] Walley, A.C., Carrell, T.D. 1983. Onset spectra and formant transitions in the adult's and child's perception of place. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73, 1011- 1022.
[3] Wright, R. 2001. Perceptual cues in contrast maintenance. In: Hume, E., Johnson, K. (eds), The role of speech perception in phonology. San Diego: Academic Press, 251-277.
[4] Wright, R. 2004. Perceptual cue robustness and phonotactic constraints. In Hayes, B. Kirchner, R., Steriade, D. (eds), Phonetically based phonology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 34-5.
[5] Hume, E., Johnson, K, Seo, M., Tsardenelis, G. 1999. A cross-linguistic study of stop place perception. Proc. 14th ICPhS San Francisco, 2069-2072.

A Cloud Computing Is A Dynamic Computing Sharing Resource. Cloud Computing Paradigm Has Emerged And That Is Transforming The IT Industry At Huge. In Cloud Computing, All Resources Are Available As Services And Accessible Through The Internet. Especially Software-As-A-Service (Saas) Is Service Delivery Model That Support End Users To Access Any Software Or An Application As A Service Via The Internet Without Installing At Locally. The Usage Of Saas Has Been Increased By Many Users And Thus Leads To Need To Evaluate The Quality Of Saas To Select The Best One That Suits To Cloud Services Users. In This Paper, A Quality Model Is Implemented By Using Data Minin Partitioning Around Medoids(PAM)) Clustering Model For Evaluating The Quality Of Software As A Service (Saas) In The Cloud Computing Environment.

Keywords: Software As A Service (Saas), Cloud Computing, Partitioning Around Medoids(PAM).

[1] N. Alldrin, A. Smith, And D. Turnbull, "Clustering With EM And K-Means," Univ. San Diego, California, Pp. 261–95, 2003.
[2] A. Kak And A. Kak, "Expectation Maximization Tutorial Expectation-Maximization Algorithm For Clustering Multidimensional Numerical Data Expectation Maximization Tutorial," Vol. 2012, No. November, 2014.
[3] T. M. Mitchell, "Expectation Maximization, And Learning From Partly Unobserved Data (Part 2)," Mach. Learn., Vol. 15, No. April, 2005.
[4] S. Borman, "The Expectation Maximization Algorithm A Short Tutorial," Submitt. Publ., Vol. 25, No. X, Pp. 1–9, 2009.
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With Reduction In Size, Novel Electrical, Mechanical, Chemical, Magnetic, And Optical Properties Can Be Introduced. The Resulting Structure Is Then Called A Low-Dimensional Structure (Or System). The Confinement Of Particles, Usually Electron S Or Holes, To A Low- Dimensional Structure Leads To A Dramatic Change In Their Behavior And To The Manifestation Of Size Effects That Usually Fall Into The Category Of Quantum-Size Effects. The Low Dimensional Materials Exhibit New Physicochemical Properties Not Shown By The Corresponding Large-Scale Structures Of The Same Composition. Nanostructures Constitute A Bridge Between Molecules And Bulk Materials. Suitable Control Of The Properties And Responses Of Nanostructures Can Lead To New Devices And Technologies.............

Keywords: Lead Selenide Thin Films, XRD, Chemical Bath Deposition Technique

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Corrosion causes concrete to crack, debonding and failure of the prestressedreinforced concrete (RC) structures, which affects the service life of the infrastructures.It isof vital importance to evaluate the defects along the interface of steel and concrete during the life-cycle of the RC structures. In this paper, the author proposed a fractal dimension curve method to evaluate and compare the difference between the defect in steel with and withoutconcrete cover. The concrete cover and the diameter of the steel were taken into account to optimize the measurement configuration, then the central frequencyof the guided ultrasonic mode is determined by longitudinal dispersion curve. By changing the depth of the crack, adding white noise in the defected signals, and calculating the box-dimension eigenvalue of each defected model, an effective way has been found to evaluate the severity of the interface defects.To conclude that, the FD curve has the potential to evaluate the severity of the RC interface defect.

Keywords: Reinforced concrete structure, Fractal dimension, Interface defect, Structural health monitoring(SHM)Material

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[3]. Qiao D, Nakamura H, Yamamoto Y, et al. Crack patterns of concrete with a single rebar subjected to non-uniform and localized corrosion. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 116: 366-377.
[4]. Sarkar N, Chaudhuri B B. An efficient differential box-counting approach to compute fractal dimension of image. IEEE Transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics,24(1), 1994, 115-120.
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The comparative effect of Al (SO4)3, FeSO4, and FeCl3 use in storage of drinking water is an important research topic that can shed light on the impact of these coagulants on the safety and quality of drinking water. The use of coagulants such as Al (SO4)3, FeSO4, and FeCl3 is a common practice in water treatment to remove suspended particles, organic matter, and other impurities from water. These coagulants work by neutralizing the charges on suspended particles and causing them to clump together and settle out of the water. The comparative study on the effect of Al (SO4)3, FeSO4, and FeCl3 use in the storage of drinking water can provide valuable insights into the efficacy and safety of different coagulants in water treatment and their impact on human health. The findings of the study can be used to develop guidelines and regulations for the safe and effective use of coagulants in water treatment, ultimately improving the quality and safety of drinking water.

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