Trigeneration can be considered as a special case of the application cogeneration system where a fraction of the shaft work or residual heat is running a refrigeration system. Trigeneration with gas turbines as prime mover can improve energy utilization efficiency significantly because of their potential of high economic and energy saving characteristic. Trigeneration system based on the conventional gas turbine cycle for the high temperature heat addition while adopting the heat recovery steam generator for process heat and vapor absorption refrigeration for the cold production Combined first and second law approach is applied and computational analysis is performed to investigate the effects of overall pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature...........

Keywords: Exergy, Heat recovery, Trigeneration.

[1]. Aphornratana, S., Eames, I.W., Thermodynamic analysis of absorption refrigeration cycles using the second law of thermodynamics method. International Journal of Refrigeration 18, 244–252, Jan 1995.
[2]. Athanasovici, V., Le Corre, O., Brecq, G., Tazerout, M.Thermoeconomic analysis method for cogeneration plants. In: Proceedings of ECOS 2000. Netherlands, pp. 157–164, Dec. 2000.
[3]. Bassols, J., Kuckelkorn, B., Langreck, J., Schneider, R., Veelken, H. Trigeneration in the food industry. Applied Thermal Engineering 22, 595–603, Nov.2002.
[4]. Bejan, A.Fundamentals of exergy analysis, entropy generation minimization, and the generation of flowarchitecture. International Journal of Energy Research 26, 545–565, May2002.
[5]. Chua, H.T., Toh, H.K., Malek, A. Ng, K.C., Srinivasan, K. Improved thermodynamic property fields of LiBr–H2O solution. International Journal of Refrigeration 23, 412–429, March 2000.

Boundary-layer behavior over a moving continuous solid surface is an important type of flow occurring in several engineering processes. Such processes include heat-treated materials travelling between a feed roll and a wind-up roll or materials manufactured by extrusion and many others. Since the pioneering work of Sakiadis [1], various aspects of the problem have been investigated by many authors. Crane [2], Gupta and Gupta [3] have analyzed the stretching problem with constant surface temperature, while Soundalgekar [4] investigated the Stokes problem for a viscoelastic fluid. This flow was examined by Siddappa and Khapate [5] for a special class of non-Newtonian fluids known as second-order fluids, which are viscoelastic in nature. Danberg and Fansler [6] studied the solution for the boundary layer flow past a wall that is stretched with a speed proportional to the distance along the wall.

Keywords: ............

[1]. B. C. Sakiadis, "Boundary-layer behavior on continuous solid surfaces," Amer. Inst. Chem. Eng. J., vol 7, pp. 26–28, 1961. . [2]. L. J. Crane, "Flow past a stretching plate," Z. Angew. Math. Phys., vol 21, pp. 645–647, 1970.

[3]. P. S. Gupta, A. S. Gupta, "Heat and mass transfer on a stretching sheet with suction or blowing," Canad. J. Chem. Eng., vol 55, pp. 744–746,1977.

[4]. V. M. Soundalgekar, "Stokes problem for elastic-viscous fluid," Rheol. Acta. vol 13, pp. 177–179, 1974.

[5]. B. Siddappa, B. S. Khapate, "Rivlin–Ericksen fluid flow past a stretching sheet," Rev. Roumaine Sci. Tech.Mech. Appl. 2 (1976) 497–505.

This study was carried out to optimize fermentable sugar yield via acidic hydrolysis of sweet potato peels. The effects of time, acid concentration, and temperature as process parameters on glucose yield were investigated. The central composite design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used and a total of 30 experimental runs were generated for the optimization of the hydrolysis process. A quadratic model equation was obtained for the saccharification of the peels, and the ANOVA test showed the quadratic model obtained to be significant (p < 0.05). The results of the model validation for the acid hydrolysis of sweet potato peels were 0.146g/100ml and 0.142g/100ml for predicted and experimented values, with error of about 2.74% established at the optimum conditions of 57°C, 3.41g/50ml substrate concentration, 0.59M acid concentration and 10 hours respectively. The FTIR analysis of the reducing sugar produced at the optimum conditions established shows the presence of aldehyde group, hydroxyl group, alcohol and ketones which confirms it a fermentable sugar.

Keywords: Sweet potato peels, acidic hydrolysis, fermentable sugar, optimization, dilutes sulfuric acid.

[1]. Aro S.O., Aletor V.A., Tewe O.O., Agbede J.O. (2010). Nutritional potentials of cassava Tuber wastes: A case study of a cassava starch processing factory in south-western Nigeria, Livestock Research for Rural Development. vol 22, Article 213.
[2]. Aiyejagbara, M.O., Aderemi, B.O., Ameh, A.O., Ishidi, E., Aiyejagbara, E. F., Ibeneme, U., Olakunle, M.S. (2016). Production od Bioethanol from Elephant grass. International Journal of Innovation Mathematics, statistics and Energy Policies, 4(1), 1-9.
[3]. Betiku E, Akindolani O.O., Ismaila A.R. ( 2013). Enzymatic Hydrolysis Optimization of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas) Peel UsingA Statistical Approach, Brazilian JournalOf Chemical Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 03, Pp. 467 – 476.
[4]. De- frectas, B. D., Guardello. R., Cardozo F. L. (2009).Storage logistics of fruits and vegetable, effects of temperature, chemical Engineering transactions, 17, 957 – 956.

Feature extraction is a key process to reduce the dimensionality of medical dataset for efficient disease prediction. The feature extraction technique removes irrelevant features to acquire higher prediction accuracy during disease diagnosis. Few research works are developed to extract the relevant features from dataset using different data mining techniques. But, performance of conventional feature extraction technique was not efficient which reduces the accuracy of disease prediction and also feature extraction time was more. In order to solve these limitations, a Gaussian Distributive Stochastic Neighbor Embedding Feature Extraction (GDSNE-FE) technique is proposed. The GDSNE-FE technique is developed for dimensionality reduction of medical dataset with minimal time and space complexity................

Keywords: Dimensionality Reduction, Feature Extraction Gaussian Distributive Stochastic Neighbor Embedding, Probability Distribution, High Dimensional Space Jensen–Shannon Divergence.

[1]. Ning Wang, Michael R. Lyu, "Extracting and Selecting Distinctive EEG Features for Efficient Epileptic Seizure Prediction", IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Volume 19, Issue 5, Pages 1648 – 1659, 2015
[2]. Hao Jiang, Wai-Ki Ching and Wenpin Hou "On Orthogonal Feature Extraction Model with Applications in Medical Prognosis", Applied Mathematical Modelling, Elsevier, Volume 40, Issues 19–20, October 2016, Pages 8766-8776
[3]. Maryam Mollaee and Mohammad Hossein Moattar, "A novel feature extraction approach based on ensemble feature selection and modified discriminant independent component analysis for microarray data classification", Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Elsevier, Volume 36, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 521-529
[4]. Sebastian Polsterl, Sailesh Conjeti Nassir Navab and Amin Katouzian, "Survival analysis for high-dimensional, heterogeneous medical data: exploring feature extraction as an alternative to feature selection", Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Elsevier, Volume 72, September 2016, Pages 1-11

Risk-based approach in spare part inventory management and plant maintenance is essential for ensuring asset integrity in a process facility. The sugar industry in Kenya has been a victim of inefficient spare part inventory management resulting to unscheduled factory stoppages, factory breakdowns, obsolescence of plant and equipment whose maintenance costs are very high. This has been compounded by high maintenance costs and expensive spares which are also difficult to find and procure. In this regard the purpose of the current study was to develop a risk based approach to spare part inventory management in order to improve the performance of the sugar factories. In order to achieve the objective the study employed a convergent parallel mixed method research design..............

Keywords: Risk, Spare part, Inventory.

[1]. Alexander, B., & Adam, S. (2011). Critical equipment classification and cost reduction within professional maintenance. Göteborg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology.
[2]. Bharadwaj, U. R., Silberschmidt, V. V., & Wintle, J. B. (2011). Risk based optimisation of spares inventory managemenT. Advances in Production Engineering & Management , 6 (3)173-184.
[3]. Catarina, T., & Isabel, L. ( 2017 ). Multi-criteria classification for spare parts management: a case . Procedia Manufacturing , 11 , 1560 – 1567.
[4]. Dhillion, B. (2002). Engineering maintenance, a modern approach. New York : CRC Press.
[5]. Ellacott, J. (2017, 4 4). 3 causes of equipment failure (and what you can do to prevent it). Retrieved 2 28, 2018, from https://www.fiixsoftware.com/blog/3-causes-of-equipment-failure-and-what-you-can-do-to-prevent-it/

In the recent times synthetic voice is used to deceive a speaker recognition based biometric access systems. This paper presents synthetic speech detection in automatic speaker verification system (ASV) for spoof detection. Canonical Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) algorithm is used for feature extraction and Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used for classification of natural and synthetic voice. Several experiments are carried out on ASVspoof 2015 database, showing that nonlinear SVM performs better than linear SVM.

[1]. Adami, A., Mihaescu, R., Reynolds, D.A., and Godfrey, J.J., "Modeling prosodic dynamics for speaker recognition," Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Hong Kong, 2003.
[2]. Ben-Hur, Asa, Horn, David, Siegelmann, Hava, and Vapnik, Vladimir; "Support vector clustering, "Journal of Machine Learning Research, pp.125–137, 2001.
[3]. D erro, I. Sainz E. Navas and I. Hernaez, "Imporoved HNM based vocoder for statistical synthesizers," in Porc. INTERSPEECH, 2011, pp. 1809-1812.
[4]. D. Erro, I. Sainz, E. Navas, and I. Hernáez, "Harmonics plus noise model based vocoder for statistical parametric speech synthesis," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Process., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 184–194, Apr. 2014.

In this paper a new design of elliptical air hole silica with honeycomb Photonic crystal fiber is proposed for high birefringence and flattened negative dispersion. Here core defect is produced by manipulating the cladding region rather than core region itself. A Full Vector Finite Difference Time Domain Method (FV-FDTD) analysis with Transparent Boundary Condition (TBC) applied to investigate characteristics of Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) through numerical simulation and optimizing the geometrical parameters. High birefringence of 6.0*10-3 and Better flattened negative dispersion at higher wavelength above 1.4 μm can be achieved by changing the orientation of elliptical holes.

Keywords: Finite Difference Time Domain Method (FDTD),Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), ,Transparent Boundary Condition (TBC).

[1]. Neils Asger Mortensen and Martin Dybendal Nielsen,Jacob Riss folkenberg, et al "Photonic crystal fiber with hybrid honey comb cladding" optical society of America 2004.
[2]. S.S.Misha and Vinod kumar singh "Comparative study of fundamental properties of honey comb photonic crystal fiber with 1.55 wavelength" Journal of microwave, optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, Vol 10, No.2, Dec 2011.
[3]. Jingyuan wang,chun jiang et al "High birefringence photonic bandgap fiber with elliptical air holes" Elsevier, optical fiber technology 12, 2006,265-267.
[4]. Sh. Mohammad Nejad, M. Aliramezani et al "A noval design of photonic crystal fiber with Ultra flattened dispersion and Ultra low loss"IEEE 2008.

In today's world where use of semiconductor technology is so wide area occupied by the circuit and delay are main points of concern. Interconnections are known to be main reason of the problem. With the use of multi valued logic (MVL). MVL is preferable our conventional binary logic as it gives optimum speed and better data handling capacity. In this paper we propose an ALU which is based on Quaternary logic look up table. Designed ALU is compatible with Standard CMOS technology. The Schematics are designed in S spice and simulation is done in T spice of the Tanner software.

Keywords: Multi valued logic (MVL), Arithmetic logic unit (ALU), Quaternary logic look up table, Tanner.

[1]. L. Shang, A. S. Kaviani, and K. Bathala, "Dynamic power consumption in virtex-II FPGA family," in Proc. ACM/SIGDA Int. Symp. Field- Program. Gate Arrays, 2002, pp. 157–164
[2]. J. H. Anderson and F. N. Najm, "Power estimation techniques for FPGAs," IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integer. (VLSI) Syst., vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 1015–1027, Oct. 2004.
[3]. P.M. Kelly, T.M. McGinnity, L.P. Maguire and L. McDaid, "Exploiting binary functionality in quaternary look-up tables for increased functional density in multiple-valued logic FPGAs" in ELECTRONICS LETTERS 17th March 2005 Vol. 41 No. 6
[4]. E. Ozer, R. Sendag, and D. Gregg, "Multiple-valued logic buses for reducing bus energy in low-power systems," IEE Comput. Digital Tech., vol. 153, no. 4, pp. 270–282, Jul. 2006.
[5]. E. Ozer, R. Sendag, and D. Gregg, "Multiple-valued logic buses for reducing bus energy in low-power systems," IEE Comput. Digital Tech., vol. 153, no. 4, pp. 270–282, Jul. 2006.

Ginger and its products have marked its importance in most households and industries in Nigeria. Ginger is always harvested with high moisture content and because of this, it is highly perishable. Farmers have tried various means to reduce moisture content to acceptable limit for proper handling. Drying methods that are being used may affect the major essential ingredients if not properly controlled. This study investigates effects of three different drying methods (open sun, solar dryer and electric dryer) on the microstructure of ginger sliced into 10 mm thickness longitudinally. Solar intensity, humidity, temperature (inner ginger and carbinet), weight reduction initial and final moisture content, drying time and microstructure (before and after drying for the three methods) were measured.............

Keywords: Solar Energy, Electric, Dryer, Microstructure, Sun, Ginger.

[1]. Chanchal, R. D. Evaluation of Air Drying Characteristics of Sliced Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in a Forced Convective Cabinet Dryer and Thermal Conductivity Measurement. Food Processing & Technology, (2012). 1.
[2]. Okafor E.A. Processing and Utilization of Ginger: Effect of processing methods on product quality, and its application in fruit and bakery products. American Journa of Scientific and Industrial Research , (2002). 32.
[3]. Jayashree, V. R. Quality of dry ginger (Zingiber officinale) by different drying methods.Journal of food Science and Technology, (2012). 51(11): 3190 -3198.
[4]. Hoque, B. B. Drying Kinetics of Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale). Bangladesh Journal od Agricultural Research, (2013). 38(2): 301 -319.

Among RESs, PV has come out as one of the most important DGs owing to the reduced cost in current years. For incorporating PV sources, the conception of PV-storage MG was extensively analyzed, and storage is an auxiliary component for the power supply-demand stability. The chief benefit of MG development is to offer the best solution to contribute power in case of an urgent situation and power outages throughout power disruption in the main grid. MG's encompasses low voltage distribution system with DERs, namely, PV power system and wind turbines, along with storage devices. Hence, this survey intends to review various topics related to secondary control of MG's. Accordingly, the algorithmic classification for the surveyed papers were analyzed and portrayed. In addition, the performance measures and the maximum performance achievements are also analyzed and demonstrated in this survey along with the research gaps and challenges.

Keywords: Secondary control; MG; Performance measures; Research gaps.

[1] Amin Mohammadpour Shotorbani, Saeid Ghassem-Zadeh, Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, Seyed Hossein Hosseini ,"A distributed secondary scheme with terminal sliding mode controller for energy storages in an islanded MG, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 93, pp. 352-364, December 2017.
[2] A. Bidram, A. Davoudi, F. L. Lewis and J. M. Guerrero, "Distributed Cooperative Secondary Control of MGs Using Feedback Linearization," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 3462-3470, Aug. 2013
[3] J. Ni, L. Liu, C. Liu, X. Hu and S. Li, "Secondary voltage control for MGs based on fixed-time distributed cooperative control of multi-agent systems," 2017 American Control Conference (ACC), Seattle, WA, pp. 761-766, 2017
[4] N. M. Dehkordi, N. Sadati and M. Hamzeh, "Fully Distributed Cooperative Secondary Frequency and Voltage Control of Islanded MGs," in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 675-685, June 2017.
[5] Chongxin Huang, Shengxuan Weng, Dong Yue, Song Deng, Hui Ge, "Distributed cooperative control of energy storage units in MG based on multi-agent consensus method", Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 147, pp. 213-223, June 2017.