The monitoring of substation requires a person who monitors the fault continuously. Also there are so many substation in a District and state.It is important to detect the fault but the fault cannot be monitor by the higher authority. So our goal is to monitor the fault remotely and update the fault to the cloud . So it is easy to monitor the fault and to provide faster servic.The fault consisting of 3 phase ,1 phase ,2phase and loading. Our system can detect the fault and send these fault remotely.

Key words: WIFI-MODULE, AVR Atmega 328, Fault Detection

[1]. M.Salamurugan, G.R.Mahendra Sabu," Embedded Web Server Based Industry Fault Analyzer", ©2011 IEEE.
[2]. L. Anand K J Anoop K. Kanchana, "Transformer protection using multifunctional relay" 2017 IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI).
[3]. Tao Wang, Yigang He, Member, IEEE, Qiwu Luo, Member, IEEE, Fangming Deng, Chaolong Zhang ,"Self-powered RFID Sensor Tag for Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis of Transformer Winding", Sensors-18871-2017 2017 IEEE.
[4]. Swapnil Sayan Saha, Shekh Md. Mahmudul Islam, Anindita Mashsharat,"Microcontroller Based Earthquake Detection System for Spontaneous Cut-off of Domestic Utility Lines for Safety Measures "9th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering 20-22 December, 2016, Dhaka, Bangladesh

A real time dynamic hand gesture recognition system is performed in this paper. Vision-based hand gesture recognition enabling computers to understand hand gestures as humans do is an important technology for intelligent human computer interaction. In this paper, a recognition system for dynamic hand gestures is proposed. In dynamic hand gesture recognition, hand is segmented by using background subtraction method. The images are trained using neural network.The accuracy is to be calculated based on confusion matrix is 96%.

Key words: Neural network, background subtraction, Feature extraction.

[1]. W. WANG, J. PAN "Hand Segmentation Using Skin Color and Background Information," International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, pp. 1487-1492, July, 2012.
[2]. A. Y. Dawod, J. Abodullah, and Md. J. Alam, "Adaptive Skin Color Model for Hand Segmentation," International Conference on Computer Applications and Industrial Electronics (ICCAIE 2010), pp. 486-489, December, 2010.
[3]. A. Y. Dawod, J. Abodullah, and Md. J. Alam, "A New Method for Hand Segmentation Using Free-Form Skin Color Model," International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering (ICACTE), pp. V2-562-V2-566, 2010.
[4]. G. Bebis, M. Nicolescu, R. D. Boyle, and X. Twombly, "A Review on Vision-Based Full DOF Hand Motion Estimation," IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR, 05), 2005.

In modern era, the demand for memory has been increases tremendously. Due to reduction in SRAM operating voltage, cell stability degradation and the increase in process variation with process scaling. The main issue in VLSI design are optimizing speed, scaling in silicon technology and increased packing density. These issues account for increased power dissipation in SoC (System on Chips) making them unsuitable for portable operations. Since SRAM consist of almost 60% of VLSI circuits, hence, it is needed that a low power SRAM design to maximize the run time with minimum requirements on size, battery life and weight allotted to batteries. In this paper the basic operation of SRAM along with techniques to reduce total power dissipation are discussed.

Keywords: SRAM , 6T , 8T , 10T .

[1]. 1.Chien-Cheng Yu and Ming-ChuenShiau, "SINGLE-PORT FIVE-TRANSISTOR SRAM CELL WITH REDUCED LEAKAGE CURRENT IN STANDBY" International Journal of VLSI design & Communication Systems (VLSICS) Vol.7, No.4, August 2016.
[2]. Arash Azizi Mazreaht, Mohammad TaghiManzuriShalmani , Reza Noormande, Ali Mehrparvar, "A Novel Zero-Aware Read-Static- Noise-Margin-Free SRAM Cell for High Density and High Speed Cache Application" ©2008 IEEE
[3]. Michael Wieckowski, Martin Margala,"A NOVEL FIVE-TRANSISTOR (5T) SRAM CELL FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE CACHE" ©2005 IEEE.
[4]. Shyam Akashe, Sushi I Bhushan "High Density and Low Leakage Current Based 5T SRAM Cell Using 45 nrn Technology" @2011 IEEE
[5]. Satyanand Nalam and Benton H. Calhoun, "Asymmetric Sizing in a 45nm 5T SRAM to Improve Read Stability over 6T" ©2009 IEEE.

In modern era, the demand for memory has been increases tremendously. Due to reduction in SRAM operating voltage, cell stability degradation and the increase in process variation with process scaling. The main issue in VLSI design are optimizing speed, scaling in silicon technology and increased packing density. These issues account for increased power dissipation in SoC (System on Chips) making them unsuitable for portable operations. Since SRAM consist of almost 60% of VLSI circuits, hence, it is needed that a low power SRAM design to maximize the run time with minimum requirements on size, battery life and weight allotted to batteries. In this paper the basic operation of SRAM along with techniques to reduce total power dissipation are discussed.

Key words: SoC , SRAM ,VLSI,CMOS;

[1]. Chien-Cheng Yu and Ming-ChuenShiau, "SINGLE-PORT FIVE-TRANSISTOR SRAM CELL WITH REDUCED LEAKAGE CURRENT IN STANDBY" International Journal of VLSI design & Communication Systems (VLSICS) Vol.7, No.4, August 2016.
[2]. Arash Azizi Mazreaht, Mohammad TaghiManzuriShalmani , Reza Noormande, Ali Mehrparvar, "A Novel Zero-Aware Read-Static- Noise-Margin-Free SRAM Cell for High Density and High Speed Cache Application" ©2008 IEEE
[3]. Michael Wieckowski, Martin Margala,"A NOVEL FIVE-TRANSISTOR (5T) SRAM CELL FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE CACHE" ©2005 IEEE.
[4]. Shyam Akashe, Sushi I Bhushan "High Density and Low Leakage Current Based 5T SRAM Cell Using 45 nrn Technology" @2011 IEEE
[5]. Satyanand Nalam and Benton H. Calhoun, "Asymmetric Sizing in a 45nm 5T SRAM to Improve Read Stability over 6T" ©2009 IEEE.

Presently a day's sustainable power source frameworks are winding up most ideal approach to create power. With headway of advancements the expense of sustainable power source types of gear is going down all inclusive empowering extensive scale sun oriented photovoltaic establishments. Significant piece of sustainable power source is sun oriented vitality. Because of its decentralized nature it is exceptionally hard to screen sun oriented power plants with existing unified SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) frameworks. We built up a model for usage of new practical strategy dependent on IoT to screen a sun oriented photovoltaic plant for execution assessment utilizing open source devices and assets like Arduino and Ubidots. Ubidots is a SaaS (Software as a Service) stage which gives space on................

Key words: Arduino, IoT, photovoltaic, Ubidots.

[1]. R. Panna, R. Thesrumluk and C. Chantrapornchai, "Development of Energy Saving Smart Home Prototype" IJSH Vol. 7, No.1, January 2013
[2]. TriStar Solar System Controller Installation and Operation Manual, Morningstar Corporation (2009)
[3]. Solar power wireless monitoring based on arm7
[4]. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/978-1-4577-0536-6/1
[5]. Data Acquisition System For Performance Monitoring Of Solar Photovoltaic (Pv) Power Generation vol. 1 issue 7, september – 2012 www.ijert.org
[6]. Solar Power Systems Web Monitoring The 2nd symposium on renewable energy technology http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1111/1111.160 5.pdf

In this paper, we propose a new neural network architecture for state-of-the-art handwriting recognition, alternative to multi-dimensional long short-term memory (MD- LSTM) recurrent neural networks. The model is based on a convolutional encoder of the input images, and a bidirectional LSTM decoder predicting character sequences. In this paradigm, we aim at producing generic, multilingual and reusable features with the convolutional encoder, leveraging more data for transfer learning. The architecture is also motivated by the need for a fast training on GPUs, and the requirement of a fast decoding on CPUs. The main contribution of this paper lies in the convolutional gates in the encoder, enabling..........

Key words: Machine learning, Handwriting recognition, neural networks, MD-LSTM, Character sequences, segmentation and recognition algorithms

[1]. Renuka Kajale1, "Supervised machine learning in intelligent character recognition of handwritten and printed nameplate"2017 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Control (ICAC3), 2017)
[2]. Subodh L. Wasankar, "Machine Learning with Text Recognition" 2010 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research,2010.I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, "Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy," in Magnetism, vol. III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271–350.
[3]. Mithili N Mayekar, "Implementation Of Machine Learning Algorithm For Character Recognition On GPU"Proceedings of the IEEE 2017 International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), 2017.
[4]. -Dippal Israni, "Vehicle Classification and Surveillance using Machine Learning Technique"2017 2nd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT)..

In this paper, a new analytic scheme, which uses a sequence of segmentation and recognition algorithms, is proposed for handwriting recognition problem. We propose a new neural network architecture for state-of-the-art handwriting recognition, alternative to multi-dimensional long short-term memory (MDLSTM) recurrent neural networks. The model is based on a convolutional encoder of the input images, and a bidirectional LSTM decoder predicting character sequences

Key words: Machine learning, Handwriting recognition, neural networks, MD-LSTM, Character sequences, segmentation and recognition algorithms

[1]. Renuka Kajale1, "Supervised machine learning in intelligent character recognition of handwritten and printed nameplate"2017 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Control (ICAC3), 2017)
[2]. Subodh L. Wasankar, "Machine Learning with Text Recognition" 2010 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and
[3]. Computing Research,2010.I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, "Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy," in Magnetism, vol. III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271–350.
[4]. Mithili N Mayekar, "Implementation Of Machine Learning Algorithm For Character Recognition On GPU"Proceedings of the IEEE 2017 International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), 2017.
[5]. -Dippal Israni, "Vehicle Classification and Surveillance using Machine Learning Technique"2017 2nd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT)..

Millions of users share and extract their opinion about different products,events,different organizations or persons on social networking sites.Sentimental analysis deals with study of opinion and thoughts of human as well as different attitudes of human towards an object.The main objective of paper is to provide different challenges faced and brief description about sentimental analysis.One of the applications is analysis of tweets on twitter, another is review of different products on website.In this paper we will discuss about sentimental analysis on twitter,news blogs,product reviews etc.The results of review using NLTK software have also been shown in paper..

Key words: Sentimental analysis,naïve bayes classification,NLP,social media,python.

[1]. Upma Kumari, Dinesh Soni, Dr. Arvind K Sharma," A Cognitive Study of Sentiment Analysis Techniques and Tools: A Survey", IJCST Vol. 8, Issue 1, Jan - March 2017.
[2]. Dr.Balasaravanan.K, Bharathi Bhaskaran R, Prabhakaran R,Saravanan S ,Vinoth M,"Twitter Sentiment Analysis", International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume 119 No. 10 2018.
[3]. Raheesa Safrin, K.R.Sharmila, T.S.Shri Subangi, E.A.Vimal," Sentiment Analysis On Online Product Review", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Volume: 04 Issue: 04, Apr -2017.
[4]. BrianKeith, ExequielFuentes, ClaudioMeneses," A Hybrid Approach for Sentiment Analysis Applied to Paper Reviews", In Proceedings of ACM SIGKDD Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, August 2017
[5]. Chandni, Nav Chandra, Sarishty Gupta, Renuka Pahade," Sentiment Analysis and its Challenges, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT),Vol. 4 Issue 03, March-2015

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) is a very complicated distributed systems that comprise of mobile nodes which are mobile in nature, in wireless network this nodes can be easily and freely arrange themselves into random and momentary ad hoc network topologies as per the situation in network. The changing topology and resource restriction are the main characteristics which pose a number of tasks for efficient and lightweight security protocols design, as such network can get compromised and can get attacked by any third party. Centralized identity management is not present in case of MANETs. The requirements of a unique, distinct, and permanent identity of each node in the network are primary requirements for their security protocols, due to this Sybil attacks create a harmful threat to such networks.........

Key words: Security, MANET, Sybil Attack , Intrusion Detection In MANET

[1]. Haiying Shen and Lianyu Zhao ―ALERT: An Anonymous Location-Based Efficient Routing Protocol in MANETs‖ , IEEE transactions on mobile computing, vol. 12, no. 6, June 2013.
[2]. Sohail Abbas, Madjid Merabti, David Llewellyn-Jones, and Kashif Kifayat,‖ Lightweight Sybil Attack Detection in MANETs‖, IEEE systems journal, vol. 7, no. 2, June 2013.
[3]. Nidhi Joshi, Prof. Manoj Challa,‖ Secure Authentication Protocol to Detect Sybil Attacks in MANETs‖, International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering Technology (IJCSET) Vol. 5 No. 06 June 2014.
[4]. K. Kayalvizhi, N. Senthilkumar , G. Arulkumaran,‖ Detecting Sybil Attack by Using Received Signal Strength in Manets‖, (IJIRSE) International Journal of Innovative Research in Science & Engineering,2014.
[5]. P.Kavitha, C.Keerthana, V.Niroja, V.Vivekanandhan,‖ Mobile-id Based Sybil Attack detection on the Mobile ADHOC Network‖, International Journal of Communication and Computer Technologies Volume 02 – No.02 Issue: 02 March 2014.

Recent advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have focused towards Geographic forwarding mechanism. It is a promising routing scheme in wireless sensor networks, in which the forwarding decision is determined purely based on the location of each node. Such type of Routing in Geographic domain is also useful for large multi-hop wireless networks where the nodes are not reliable and network topology is frequently changing. This routing requires propagation of single hop topology information that is the best neighbor, to make correct forwarding decisions.The research of Geographic routing has now moved towards duty cycled wireless sensor networks (WSNs).............

[1]. Kakaziz,p; Liliguo, H.C; Zahariadis, T; Orphanoudakis, T" Geographical routing in Wireless sensor networks" International conference on Telecommunications and Multimedia (TEMU), Pages 19-24, 2012.
[2]. Chunsheng Zhu, Laurence T. Yang, Lei Shu†, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues‡, Takahiro Hara "A Geographic Routing Oriented Sleep Scheduling Algorithm in Duty-Cycled Sensor Networks " in IEEE ICC 2012 - Wireless Networks Symposium.
[3]. Can Ma1, Lei Wang1, Jiaqi Xu1, Zhenquan Qin1, Ming Zhu1, Lei Shu2 "A Geographic Routing Algorithm in Duty-Cycled Sensor Networks with Mobile Sinks" in 2011 IEEE Seventh International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks
[4]. Chunsheng Zhu, Laurence T. Yang, Lei Shu, Victor C. M. Leung, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues, and Lei Wang, "Sleep Scheduling for Geographic Routing in Duty-Cycled Mobile Sensor Networks" in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 61, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 2014
[5]. Pedro Pinto, António Pinto, Manuel Ricardo in "End-to-End Delay Estimation using RPL Metrics in WSN" 978-1-4799-0543- 0/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE

Many applications are providing location based services, like Ola and Uber in which they find the nearest ride and allocate that to user and travel to destination. But what in the case of an Ambulance, that is in an emergency situation in such cases we need to find the best path possible so that the patient can be assisted immediately reducing the traveling time to minimum. What A* algorithm does is it connects two paths or nodes together it, while in an emergency situation we need the best path possible we are not challenging to improve the algorithm but we are integrating A* with some repositories just to be more efficient in finding path.

Key words: A*, API, FireBase, GeoFire, GitHub, SQL

[1]. Fang Ding(2000), Shortest Path Algorithm based on Data structure, purdue University, west Lafayette, USA ,May 8,2017
[2]. Cen Zeng (2002) "The Optimization of A* algorithm in Practical Path finding .",Harika Reddy publisher, Dec 13, 2013.
[3]. Yang Suqiong, Lin Biqin, He Wei, "The Achievement of Map Path Searching based on A algorithm", Railway Computer Application, 2002.9.
[4]. Α. Stentz, Optimal and Efficient Path Planning for Unknown and Dynamic Environments, August 1993.
[5]. V. J. Lumelsky, S. Mukhopadhyay, K. Sun, "Dynamic Path Planning in Sensor-Based Terrain Acquisition", IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol. 6, no. 4, August 1990

Fish like many living organisms have specific tolerant range of various environmental parameters, thus fish farming of specific types of fish species requires certain conditions that have to be reached necessarily. Moreover, the people that work in the fish farming ponds have to be engaged in all day activities to maintain the living habitat of fish. Therefore, monitoring and taking actions to maintain the fish habitat for certain fish species inside the fishing ponds remotely is an important task. In this paper, we present an upgrade on a functional Internet of Things (IoT) system for monitoring fish farming ponds. The IoT system consists of various sensors that measure important factors of the water like temperature, pH value and water level and the data from these sensors can be accessed by an application through firebase.

Key words: Iot, aquaculture, fish farming , cloud compting.

[1]. Arshak, K., Gill, E., Arshak, A. And Korostynska, O. Investigation of tin oxides as sensing layers in conductimetricinterdigi tated pH sensors.
[2]. Dyck, A.J. and Sumaila, U.R. Economic impact of ocean fish populations in the global fishery.
[3]. Graham, M. And Haarstad, H. 4 Transparency and Development: Ethical Consumption through Web 2.0 and the Internet of Things.
[4]. https://ionicframework.com
[5]. https://developer.android.com
[6]. https://pimylifeup.com

In the corporate world people have different qualities and attributes to show for which there is a need of assessment. Employees are needed to be given the due credit for how they perform at the site of the job[2]. Older methods include a paper consisting of the employee credentials along with a fixed set of qualities. This becomes the basis on which the higher authorities get to take the decisions on a particular employee. As the medium of on paper appraisal becomes obsolete our software provides a portal to appraise an employee with a dynamic system to appraise and assess them in a
fairer and an advanced manner [5]. AppraiSyst is basically a web app which can inherently be used by firms and teams to assess the employees on their own scale with enough dynamic components to suit any corporate work environment..

Key words: Appraisal, Web Application, Corporate

[1]. Mr. Anindya Saha, Mr. Sougata Majumder. 2017 International Research Journal of Human Resources and Social Science , Impact of Information on Performance Appraisal, Vol.4, 81-89
[2]. Mrs.Deepa E., Dr.Palaniswamy R., Dr.Kuppusamy S. 2014 Effect of Performance Appraisal System in Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Productivity,Contemporary Management ResearchVol.8, Issue No. 1, 72 - 82.
[3]. Dr.Selvarasu A., 2014, A Study of Impact on Performance Appraisal on Employee's Engagement in an Organization, International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR) Volume 2, Issue 11, 10 – 22.
[4]. Mwema Nancy Wairimu and Dr. Gachunga Hazel Gachoka, 2014, The influence of performance appraisal on employee productivity in organizations: a case study of selected who offices in east Africa, International Journal of Social Sciences and Entrepreneurship Vol.1, Issue 11, 1-13.
[5]. Vohra, Shrivastava, e.l. 2015, Impact of Information and Communication Technology in HRM, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research, 511-516

Due to the large number of vehicles in circulation, studies of intelligent traffic systems have increased. Most of studies focus on the detection, tracking and counting of vehicles and on the estimation of traffic parameters. Two wheelers are most important mode of transport in many countries. The main advantages of motorcycles are their low price and operation cost compared with other vehicles. But the number of accidents involving motorcycles has increased during the last decade and no proper database maintenance is provided. There are various technologies of object detection being used today however accuracy is still not provided. Thus, our paper brings a new and efficient technology YOLO which is the most advanced technology which has inbuilt functions for object detection. Using this algorithm will result into improving traffic conditions and for avoiding accidents.

Key words: Traffic control, traffic census, traffic statistics, traffic system, You Only Look Once, YOLO.

[1]. G. Dimitrakopoulos and P. Demestichas, ""Intelligent transportation systems,‟‟ IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 77–84, Mar. 2010.
[2]. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 35 Number 5- May 2016
[3]. Reserve Bank of India, Government of India, Macro-economic aggregates (at constant prices) in India. Available from, http://www.indiastat.com.
[4]. Liling Li, Sharad Shrestha, Gongzhu Hu, "Analysis of Road Traffic Fatal Accidents Using Data Mining Techniques," in 2017 IEEE SERA 2017, June 7-9, 201
[5]. WEI LIU 1,2, MIAOHUI ZHANG3, ZHIMING LUO4, AND YUANZHENG CAI5, "An Ensemble Deep Learning Method for Vehicle Type Classification on Visual Traffic Surveillance Sensors" VOLUME 5, 2017

In natural language processing, there exist a problem of determining which "sense" (meaning) of a word is activated by the use of the word in a particular context. Natural language is ambiguous. It is an easy task for a human to understand and disambiguate the ambiguous words but a trivial task for a computer to do so. Ambiguity can occur at various levels of NLP- lexical, syntactic, and semantic and discourse level. The project here concentrates on Lexical Semantic ambiguity task. Lexical Semantic ambiguity takes place when a word/lexicon or a phrase has multiple meanings associated with it. Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) aims to disambiguate the words which have multiple sense in a context automatically. Sense denotes the meaning of a word and the words which have various meanings in a context...........

Key words: Ambiguous word,, Lexical Semantic, Natural Language Toolkit(NLTK),, Supervised Machine Learning .

[1]. Ariel Raviv and Shaul Markovitch, Concept-Based Approach to Word- Sense Disambiguation. Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Volume 10,22 Jul 2012, PP.807-813.
[2]. Jumi Sarmah and Shikhar Sarma, Decision Tree based Supervised Word Sense Disambiguation for Assamese. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)Volume 141 – No.1, May 2016
[3]. Kalita, P. and Barman. AK, Word Sense Disambiguation: A Survey. International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242 Volume 4 Issue 5 May 2015, Page No. 11743-11748V
[4]. Ponzetto, S. P., and Navigli, R. 2010. Knowledge-rich word sense disambiguation rivalling supervised systems. In Proc. of ACL-1, Volume 214,16 Jul 2010.