Renewable energy systems like solar photovoltaic and wind are increasingly used for electric power generation to offset the use of non-renewable sources of electricity and also reduce carbon emissions. Due to the intermittent nature of the resource the power generated from solar PV and wind energy conversion systems are intermittent too resulting in varying voltages and frequency. This results to an unstable grid when integrated with conventional grid, hence power converters are used to make outputs from solar and wind suitable for grid integration. Load flow analysis is used for planning and contingency analysis in power system studies, here load flow is used to access the voltage stability of grid integrated with solar PV and wind energy conversion systems............

Key words: Solar photovoltaic, wind energy conversion systems, Monte Carlo Simulation, MATLAB Simulink, Load flow, Voltage Stability

[1]. IPCC, Climate change 2014. Synthesis report. Versión inglés. 2014.
[2]. IRENA (2019), Global Energy Transformation: A Road Map to 2050. Abu Dhabi: International Renewable Energy Agency, 2019.
[3]. REN21(2018), Renewables 2018 Global Status Report. Paris: REN21 Secretariat, 2018.
[4]. J. O. Petinrin and M. Shaaban, "Impact of renewable generation on voltage control in distribution systems," Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 65, pp. 770–783, 2016.
[5]. R. M. E. A. and A. M. A. Erhab Youssef, "Comparative Study of Voltage Stability Analysis for Renewable Energy Grid-Connected Systems Using PSS/E," Proc. IEEE SoutheastCon 2015, no. 608593, 2015.

Speech recognition applications are becoming common and useful in this day and age as many of the modem devises are designed and produced user-friendly for the convenience of general public. The main objective of this paper is to explore the speech recognition performance Alveolar Plosive and Retroflex plosive phonemes of Malayalam language.

Key words: Automatic Speech Recognition, Malayalam

[1]. Bhaskararao P., "Salient phonetic features of Indian languages", Sadhana, 36(5), pp. 587-599, Oct. 2011. [2]. Punnoose, R. (2010). An Auditory and Acoustic Study of Liquids in Malayalam. Ph.D. Thesis, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
[3]. Furui, S., "50 Years of Progress in Speech and Speaker Recognition Research Identification", In ECTI Transformations on Computer and Information Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, 2003
[4]. Rabiner, L. Juang, B. H., Yegnanarayana, B., "Fundamentals of Speech Recognition", Pearson Publishers, 2010.

Wetting test is widely used to find out the chemical affinity of aluminum with different substrates before proceeding for any expensive tests. In this present work, Wettabilty tests were carried out in a high vacuum brazing chamber to find out the spreadability of aluminum on various carbide substrates. The wetting angles were measured by SEM pictures. Geometrical configuration of the wetting specimen clearly indicates that Al2O3 has a better wettability than TiN with liquid Al. Hence the tests revealed TiN coated carbide insert showed best result compared to others.

Keywords: Ceramics; Interfaces; Diffusion; Surface properties

[1] Y. Zhang, J. Li, L. Zhou, S. Xiang, Solid State Communications, 121 (2002) 411.
[2] S. K. Sarangi, A. Chattopadhyay, A. K. Chattopadhyay, Int. J Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 26 (2008) 220.
[3] S. K. Sarangi, A. Chattopadhyay, A. K. Chattopadhyay, Appl. Surf. Sci. 254 (2008) 3721.
[4] M. Christensen, S. Dudiy, G. Wahnstrom, Phys. Rev. B 65 (2002) 045408-1-9.
[5] A. Contreras, C. A. Leon, R. A. L. Drew, E. Bedolla, Scripta Mater. 48 (2003) 1625.

DFIG is a very flexible wind energy conversion system which employs power electronic interface to control the rotor currents in a way to achieve the variable speed stable operation. In this paper Performance analysis of Grid Connected DFIG based wind energy system is presented. The simulation model in Matlab Simulink has been developed. The system has been studied for various operating condition. The pre-Fault and post-Fault condition of DFIG are examined depending upon which, a grid side converter (GSC) control topology has been proposed to restore system voltage when the system under-going faults. The focus of the research is to develop the voltage restoration capability of the DFIG with the help of three level inverter and active filter to mitigate harmonic.

[1] Morfin, O. A., Ruiz-Cruz, R., Loukianov, A. G., Sanchez, E. N., Castellanos, M. I., & Valenzuela, F. A. (2014). Torque controller of a doubly-fed induction generator impelled by a DC motor for wind system applications. IET Renewable Power Generation, 8(5), 484-497.
[2] Jain, R., Hess, H. L., & Johnson, B. K. (2014, September). DFIG based wind turbine system modeling in the Real Time Digital Simulator. In 2014 North American Power Symposium (NAPS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
[3] Jain, R., Johnson, B. K., & Hess, H. L. (2015, July). Performance of line protection and supervisory elements for doubly fed wind turbines. In 2015 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
[4] Song, Y., &Nian, H. (2014). Modularized control strategy and performance analysis of DFIG system under unbalanced and harmonic grid voltage.IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 30(9), 4831-4842.
[5] Naidu, N. S., & Singh, B. (2015). Doubly fed induction generator for wind energy conversion systems with integrated active filter capabilities. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 11(4), 923-933.

Flower-shaped ZnO NPs were synthesized directly from an aqueous solution of Zinc nitrate in the presence of CTAB at 140 °C. The as-synthesized products were investigated in terms of their morphological, structural, photocatalytic properties. Methylene blue (MB) are employed to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO NPs. The photocurrent response experiments are also carried out. The as-formed composite shows higher efficiency of photocatalytic degradation on MB. Moreover, it also exhibits obvious photocurrent under light irradiation.

Keywords: ZnO NPs, hydrothermal and photocatalytic degradation

[1] Yuan, J.; Choo, E.S.; Tang, X.; Sheng, Y.; Ding, J.; Xue, J. Synthesis of ZnO-Pt nanoflowers and their photocatalytic applications. Nanotechnology, 2010;21:185606-185611
[2] Herzing, A.A.; Kiely, C.J.; Carley, A.F.; Landon, P.; Hutchings, G.J. Identification of active gold nanoclusters on iron oxide supports for co oxidation. Science, 2008; 321: 1331-1335
[3] Zou, C.W.; Rao, Y.F.; Alyamani, A.; Chu, W.; Chen, M.J.; Patterson, D.A.; Emanuelsson, E.A.; Gao, W. Heterogeneous lollipop-like V2O5/ZnO array: a promising composite nanostructure for visible light photocatalysis. Langmuir, 2010; 26:11615-11620
[4] Li, Y.Z.; Xie, W.; Hu, X.L.; Shen, G.F.; Zhou, X.; Xiang, Y.; Zhao, X.J.; Fang, P.F. Comparison of Dye Photodegradation and its Coupling with Light-to-Electricity Conversion over TiO2 and ZnO. Langmuir, 2010; 26: 591-597
[5] Murata, Y.; Fukuta, S.; Ishikawa, S.; Yokayama, S. Photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 rutile microalloyed with 4d and 5d transition elements. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 2000; 62:157-165

FContent based image retrieval is the research field that provides an effective way to search the image from the database. Research objective of this article is to design and development of algorithm and data structure for efficient image retrieval from large database with color histogram, texture and multiple distance measures. This research paper discuss about the Image retrieval problem and types of Image retrieval technique. In the next section authors talked about Text based Image Retrieval (TBIR) and Content based Image Retrieval (CBIR). There were lots of research carried out in Content based and Text based retrieval, so in the last section is about research methodology in the field of image and text retrieval.

Keywords: TBIR, CBIR, MIR, QBIC, GLCM, ITML, MAP, PCA, LDA, ICA, SVM, NN, DCT

[1]. A. W. M. Smeulders, M. Worring, S. Santini, A. Gupta, and R. Jain, "Content Based Image Retrieval at the End of Early Years" IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1349-1380, 2000.
[2]. M. S. Lew, N. Sebe, C. D. Lifl and R. Jain , "Content-based multimedia information retrieval: state of the art and challenges", ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications, pp. 1-19, 2006.
[3]. R. Datta, D. Joshi, J. Li and J. Z. Wang, "Image retrieval: ideas, influences, and trends of the new age", ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 40, pp. 1-60, 2008.
[4]. A. Vadivel, A. K. Majumdar, S. Sural, "Performance Comparison of Distance Metrics in Content Based Image Retrieval Applications", Proc. of Sixth International Conference on Information Technology, pp. 159-164, 2003.
[5]. M. Hatzigiorgaki and A. N. Skodras, "Compressed Domain Image Retrieval: A Comparative Study of Similarity Metrics", Visual Communications and Image Processing 2003, Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 5150, pp. 439-448, 2003.

The present work deals with the synthesis and structural properties of pure and aluminium doped cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4 and CoAl0.2Fe1.8O4) nanoparticles. The CoFe2O4 and CoAl0.2Fe1.8O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared samples. The structural properties were estimated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The average particle size was calculated by using Debye Scherrer's formula and the obtained values are of few nanometre. The principle absorption band corresponding to octahedral lattice site was observed from FTIR spectra

Keywords:...

[1]. B.Viswanathan "Ferrite Materials Science and Technology", edited by B.Viswanathan, V.R.K.Murthy, Narosa Publishing, India (1990).
[2]. M.Sugomoto, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82 (1999) 269.
[3]. S.Chikazumi, Physics of Ferromagnetism, 1997, Oxford University Press, New York.
[4]. J.Smith, H. P. J.Wijn Ferrites, 1965, Philips Technical Library, Eindhoven-Holland.
[5]. Z.H.Zhou, J.Wang, J.M.Xue and H.S.O.Chan, J. Mater. Chem., 2001, 11, 3110.

This article presents a mathematical model and a simulation model of lighting automatic control system in according with natural light to achieve standard illuminance and energy saving. The paper presents a method to develop mathematical models of actuators (LED driver and LED), sensor (light dependant resistor and analog-digital converter). PID controller with consideration of integral anti-windup to improve regulation quality of the system was introduced. Simulation model was constructed on Matlab-Simulink to verify mathematical model and to evaluate quality of regulation..

Keywords: Mathematical model, simulation model, lighting, automatic control, LED, LDR, matlab, simulink

[1]. Concepts and Techniques for Energy Efficient Lighting Solutions. Eino Tetri, Helsinki Universityof Technology Wilfried Pohl, Bartenbach LichtLabor, 2008.
[2]. Hawaii Commercial Building Guideline for energy efficiency. Daylighting Guideline. ©2003 EleyAssociates on behalf of State of Hawaii DBEDT.
[3]. Khanna, V.K. (2014). Fundamentals of Solid-State Lighting: LEDs, OLEDs, and Their Applications in Illumination and Displays. Taylor & Francis. pp. 475–488. ISBN 978-1-4665-6109-0. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
[4]. Md. Saddam Hossain, Helal-An-Nahiyan. Automatic Control System for Lighting of a Single Door Room with Bidirectional People Counter
[5]. OKRAH. S.K WILLIAMS. E.A KUMASSAH. F. Design and implementation of automatic headlight dimmer for vehicles using light dependent resistor (ldr) sensor / International Journal of Emerging Technology and Innovative Engineering Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2016 (ISSN: 2394 – 6598).

With the rising of new paradigms in wireless communications such as Internet of things (IoT), current static frequency allocation policy faces a primary challenge of spectrum scarcity, and thus encourages the IoT devices to have cognitive capabilities to access the underutilized spectrum in the temporal and spatial dimensions. Wideband spectrum sensing is one of the key functions to enable dynamic spectrum access. Wide-band spectrum sensing plays an important role in building such CR networks of IoT. In this paper, we propose a dynamic compressive wide-band spectrum sensing method based on channel energy reconstruction. After a bank of wide-band random filters is employed to measure the channel energy, rather than to recover all the channel energy in the whole spectrum, only the channel energy with a changing occupancy status in consecutive time slots is recovered.

Keywords: Cognitive Radio, Spectrum Sensing, Internet of Thing, Wide-band Spectrum

[1]. S. K. Goudos, P. I. Dallas, S. Chatziefthymiou, and S. Kyriazakos, "A survey of IoT key enabling and future technologies: 5G, mobile IoT, sematic web and applications," Wireless Pers. Commun., vol. 97, July 2017, pp. 1645–1675.
[2]. S. Sharma, T. Bogale, S. Chatzinotas, B. Ottersten, L. Le, and X. Wang, "Cognitive radio techniques under practical imperfections: a survey," IEEE Commun. Surveys and Tutorials, vol. PP, Issue. 99, July 2015, doi: 10.1109/COMST.2015.2452414.
[3]. Q. Wu, G. Ding, Y. Xu, S. Feng, Z. Du, J. Wang, and K. Long, " Cognitive internet of things: a new paradigm beyond connection." IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, April 2014, pp. 129–143.
[4]. M. Shbat, F. C. Ordaz-Salazar, J. S. González-Salas, "Smart Antennas and Beam-formation," Chapter 1 in Antenna Arrays and Beam-formation, InTech, Rijeka, Croatia, 2017.
[5]. S. K. Goudos, P. I. Dallas, S. Chatziefthymiou, and S. Kyriazakos, "A survey of IoT key enabling and future technologies: 5G, mobile IoT, sematic web and applications," Wireless Pers. Commun., vol. 97, July 2017, pp. 1645–1675.

H-plane cross-polarized radiation (XP) suppression has been discussed in this paper. There are many factors such as probe radiations, orthogonal components of dominant mode, fringing fields due to high fringing current etc., which causes the high XP radiations in a probe fed microstrip patch antenna (MPA). There are various techniques of XP suppression as reported in the literature, the etching of resonant slots as defected ground structure (DGS) close to the non-radiating edges of the patch is one of the techniques, simple and significant amount of XP suppression which can be achieved using this technique without changing the co-polarized radiation. The conventional MPA with resonating frequency of 3.1 GHz is designed using FR4 substrate with εr= 4.4 and h = 1.575 mm. The simulated result shows broadside radiation characteristics with peak gain of 5.27 dBi and XP fields -16dB is observed. Whereas the proposed MPA resonates at the same frequency and gain with broadside radiations but XP fields are significantly suppressed by 30 dB and it is -46 dB over the span of ±700 with......

Keywords:Co-polarized radiation, Cross-polarized radiation, Defected Ground Structure, Isolation, Microstrip Patch Antenna.

[1]. R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, and A. Ittipiboon, "Microstrip Antenna DesignHandbook". Boston: Artech House. 2001; ch. 5.
[2]. Constantine A. Balanis, "Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition," John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey .2005.
[3]. Collins RE. "Foundations of microwave engineering". John Wiley& Sons; 2001.
[4]. D. Ahn, J.S.Park, C.S.Kim, J.Kim, Y.Quian, T.Itoh, "A design of the low-pass filter using the novel microstrip defected ground structure," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques. 2001; 499(1):
[5]. R.Sharma, T.Chakrvarthy, S.Bhooshan, " Design of a novel 3 dB microstrip backward wave coupler using defected ground structure," Progress In Electromagnetics Research. 2006;PIER 65: 261-273

An intrusion detection system is a security attack detection/prevention mechanism, it can be implemented into software module or hardware module for the purpose of monitoring the systems or network for malicious activities.The Intrusion Detection System (IDS)detection models is categorized into anomaly andmisuse. Misuse Intrusion Detection definedatabase of the well-known attacks, normally using a set of rules,In the other handthe Anomaly Intrusion Detection uses a Dynamic Approach, the rules are set considering the abnormal activity on your network. This paper studied and discussed several works on anomaly, and misuse models, then compare them in regard of performance and detection rate.

Keywords: .....

[1]. Bangerter, E., Barzan, S., Krenn, S., Sadeghi, A.R., Schneider, T. and Tsay, J.K., 2009, April. Bringing zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge to practice. In International Workshop on Security Protocols (pp. 51-62). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
[2]. Jain, G., 2008. Zero knowledge proofs: A survey. University of Pennsylvania.
[3]. Barak, B., 2007. Lecture 15: Zero Knowledge Proofs. Computer Science Department–Princeton University, p.1.
[4]. Simari, G.I., 2002. A primer on zero knowledge protocols. Universidad Nacional del Sur, 6(27), pp.1-12.
[5]. Perrig, A., Szewczyk, R., Tygar, J.D., Wen, V. and Culler, D.E., 2002. SPINS: Security protocols for sensor networks. Wireless networks, 8(5), pp.521-534.

Hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2-SiO2-C crystals by reaction of titante-silicate-carbon layered nanocrystals and aqueous solution at 160º C from 48 h has been studied. Anisotropic growth of TiO2-SiO2-C crystals was observed resulting in the formation of pseudo-cubic single crystal with a dendrite shape. Growth at 160º C led to the formation of very small crystal with predominantly tetragonal structure were obtained. This study demonstrates that the anisotropic growth of these crystals can be controlled by manipulating the temperature and time of reaction and highlights the influence of growth parameters on the TiO2-SiO2-C crystals under hydrothermal conditions when using layered titanates with nanoparticles morphology as Ti precursor

Keywords:Hydrothermal synthesis, Silicate, hard crystals and morphological

[1]. Khan, Sher Bahadar, M. Faisal, Mohammed M. Rahman, and Aslam Jamal. "Exploration of CeO2 nanoparticles as a chemi-sensor and photo-catalyst for environmental applications." Science of the total Environment, 2011; 409 (15): 2987-2992.
[2]. Ansari, S.G., Wahab, R., Ansari, Z.A., Kim, Y.S., Khang, G., Al-Hajry, A. and Shin, H.S., Effect of nanostructure on the urea sensing properties of sol–gel synthesized ZnO. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2009; 137(2): 566-573.
[3]. Kartheuser, B., Costarramone, N., Pigot, T. and Lacombe, S., NORMACAT project: normalized closed chamber tests for evaluation of photocatalytic VOC treatment in indoor air and formaldehyde determination. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2012; 19(9): 3763-3771.
[4]. Simonsen, M.E., Jensen, H., Li, Z. and Søgaard, E.G., Surface properties and photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline titania films. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2008; 200(2-3): 192-200.
[5]. Mills, A., Hepburn, J., Hazafy, D., O'Rourke, C., Krysa, J., Baudys, M., Zlamal, M., Bartkova, H., Hill, C.E., Winn, K.R. and Simonsen, M.E., A simple, inexpensive method for the rapid testing of the photocatalytic activity of self-cleaning surfaces. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2013; 272: 18-20