This work presents slaking of quicklime from Nkalagu limestone for the production of agricultural lime (slaked lime). It entails improving the quality of limestone (through calcination and slaking processes) for acidic soil amelioration. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used for characterization of the uncalcined and calcined limestone samples. Calcination of the limestone was employed to produce quicklime, and slaked lime was was subsequently produced from the quicklime through slaking process. Effects of slaking factors on the reactivity of the slaked lime were determined. Central composite design of design expert software was used to optimize the reactivity of the slaked lime.........

Keywords: Slaked lime, limestone, slaking, soil amelioration.

[1]. Daud M. O., Noorliyana H. A., Azmi R. & Kamarudin H. (2015). Reactions of Limestone on Slaking Process under Different Conditions of Parameters. Material Science Forum, 819, 393-398.
[2]. Kilic O. (2014). Application of Ultrasonic Velocity Measurement and Thermal Analysis for Determination of Limestone Quality. Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process. 50(2), 525−533.
[3]. Landers J., Gor G. Y., & Neimark A, V. (2013). Density functional theory methods for characterization of porous materials. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 437, 3–32.
[4]. Moreira A. & Fageria N. K. (2010). Liming Influence on Soil Chemical Properties, Nutritional Status and Yield of Alfalfa Grown in Acid Soil, R. Bras. Ci. Solo, 34:1231-1239.
[5]. Mu'azu K., Abdullahi M. and Akuso A. S. (2011). Kinetic Study of Calcination of Jakura Limestone Using Power Rate Law Model, Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science, 19(1):116- 120.

Natural calamities have had an impact on manufacturing and logistics operations. Manufacturers, merchants, suppliers, shopkeepers, wholesalers, and others have been subjected to limitations, which have had an influence on the demand and supply of various commodities. Natural calamities such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and draughts, as well as man-made disruptions such as strikes, terrorism, political disturbance, emergency, and external aggregation, have far-reaching consequences for all sorts of units in all sectors. This study builds a simulation model of the truck parts distribution system network, using three different scenarios to show disruption in the automotive parts supply chain and logistics. It has become increasingly challenging to manage supply and demand over a large network of distribution system networks because to the changing environment, which includes the increased effect of natural catastrophes and man-made disruption. This paper also highlights the need of an efficient supply chain and smart logistics in the automobile sector in the face of diseases, pandemics, and natural calamities.

Keywords: Supply chain management, Warehouse optimization, lead time.

[1]. Kreipl, Stephan, and Michael Pinedo. "Planning and scheduling in supply chains: an overview of issues in practice." Production and Operations management 13.1 (2004): 77-92.
[2]. Lee, Young Hae, Min Kwan Cho, and Yun Bae Kim. "A discrete-continuous combined modeling approach for supply chain simulation." Simulation 78.5 (2002): 321-329.
[3]. Shukla, Rajendra Kumar, Dixit Garg, and Ashish Agarwal. "Understanding of supply chain: A literature review." International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 3.3 (2011): 2059-2072.
[4]. Caridade, R., et al. "Analysis and optimisation of a logistic warehouse in the automotive industry." Procedia Manufacturing 13 (2017): 1096-1103.
[5]. Yener, Furkan, and Harun Resit Yazgan. "Optimal warehouse design: Literature review and case study application." Computers & Industrial Engineering 129 (2019): 1-13.

One of the major methods of tomato preservation is drying before storage. Tomatoes are best dried when sliced, the manual means of slicing tomato using knife is energy and time consuming and of course prone to injury when not done carefully. To solve the problems encountered in slicing of tomatoes, a motorized tomato slicing machine which is capable of conserving human energy, reducing time spent in slicing, providing safety as well as hygiene to users and serves as a source of income to small and medium scale farmers was designed, constructed and tested. Fully riped tomato sample was obtained and classified into three (Large, medium and small), evaluation of the machine performance was done based on the classifications....

Keywords: Preservation; Slicing; Drying; Motorized; Efficiency

[1]. Grandillo, S., D. Zamir, and S.D. Tanksley, Genetic improvement of processing tomatoes: A 20 years perspective. Euphytica, 1999. 110(2): p. 85-97.
[2]. Alam, T. and G. Goyal, Packaging and storage of tomato puree and paste. 2007.
[3]. Arab, L. and S. Steck, Lycopene and cardiovascular disease. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000. 71(6): p. 1691S-1695S.
[4]. Basu, A. and V. Imrhan, Tomatoes versus lycopene in oxidative stress and carcinogenesis: conclusions from clinical trials. European journal of clinical nutrition, 2007. 61(3): p. 295-303.
[5]. Burton-Freeman, B. and K. Reimers, Tomato Consumption and Health: Emerging Benefits. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 2011. 5(2): p. 182-191

Lubricating oil is a viscous hydrocarbon component used to lubricate engine parts in automobiles. The presence of contaminants and residues such as zinc, iron, chromium, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) arising from wear and tear, additive degradation, thermal breakdown, and oxidation impair the quality of lubricating oil during service. Indiscriminate utilization of spent lubricating oil such as incineration for energy generation without prior treatment generates considerable amount of toxic gases and carcinogens which are environmentally catastrophic and detrimental to health. There is an increasing trend to regenerate and reuse discarded lubricating oil in response.....

Keywords: Spent Lubricating Oil, Solvent Extraction, Regeneration, Base Oil, Environmental Pollution

[1]. Abdulaziz, Y. I., and Mahmood, S. M. A. (2016). Recovery of Base Oil from Spent Automobile Oil Using Elementary and Binary Solvent Extraction. College of Engineering Journal (NUCEJ), 91(2), 370–384.
[2]. Abro, R., Chen, X., Harijan, K., Dhakan, Z. A., and Ammar, M. (2013). A Comparative Study of Recycling of Used Engine Oil Using Extraction by Composite Solvent, Single Solvent, and Acid Treatment Methods. ISRN Chemical Engineering, 2013(i), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/952589
[3]. Adewole, B. Z., Olojede, J. O., Owolabi, H. A., and Obisesan, O. R. (2019). Characterization and suitability of reclaimed automotive lubricating oils reprocessed by solvent extraction technology. Recycling, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling4030031
[4]. Ani, I., Okafor, J., Olutoye, M., and Akpan, U. (2015). Optimization of Base Oil Regeneration from Spent Engine Oil via Solvent Extraction. Advances in Research, 4(6), 403–411. https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2015/16795
[5]. Araromi, D., Aremu, M., and Gbolahan, O. (2016). Application of Solvent Extraction Process for Revivification of Used Lubricating Engine Oil. American Chemical Science Journal, 10(4), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.9734/acsj/2016/19989.

Modern techniques make large masses of data available, and have gained an enormous importance in many fields of science. With several examplesfrom social sciences it is illustrated that an indiscriminate use of data as basis for data mining and machine learning can be misleading, including assumed correlations between intelligence and skin colour or climate. This is also the case with one the oldest applications of data mining in science by the analysis of many thousands crystal structures, as deposited in e.g. the Cambridge Structural Database. The observed large diversity in different crystals makes it for example difficult to define the geometric conditions for hydrogen bonds and to distinguish contributing binding mechanisms. Strong interactions can dominate the crystal structure, and interfere with the identification of weaker interactions. QSAR-type analyses, important for drug discovery, can on the basis of e.g. similarity approaches lead to binding free energy predictions of supramolecular complexes with a multitude of parameters withoften little physical meaning..

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