International Conference on Sustainable Environment & Civil Engineering (ICSECE'19)
(Volume-1)

Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Pilot Scale Investigation and Behavior of Blocks by Partial Restoration of Fine Aggregate by Sea Sand
Country :: India
Authors :: R.Sivasankar || G.Gobinath || D.Milton || T.Sevakapandian || T.Thiruvarulselvan
Page No. :: 01-09
There has been increase in number of construction industries now a day. It leads to increase in demand for raw material which in turn leads scarcity in availability of raw material especially river sand. Concrete paving blocks has been extensively used in many countries for quite some time as a specialized problem- solving technique for providing pavement in areas where conventional types of construction are less durable due to many operational and environmental constraints. This technology has been introduced in India for construction of road especially for footpaths, parking areas etc...............

Keyword : R.C.C. Reinforced Cement Concrete, PVC-Poly Vinyl Chloride, RCC-Reinforced Cement Concrete, SCC-Self Compacting Concrete, EPS-Expanded Polyethylene Sheet.

[1]. Chandana, and Mynuddin."Experimental Study on Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Sawdust and Robosand".International Journal & Magazine of Engineering, Technology, Management and Research A Peer Reviewed Open Access International Journal.
[2]. Keisaburo et al, "Properties and application of concrete made with sea water and un-washed sea sand".
[3]. Kumar et al "Investigation on Replacement of beach sand to river sand in Cement concrete" International Journal of Computational Engineering Research.
[4]. M.S.Shetty " concrete technology – theory and practice" edition 2010
[5]. Seeni et al ". Experimental Study of Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Waste Material from China Clay Industries"

Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Buckling Analysis of Columns
Country :: India
Authors :: Preetha.V || Kalaivani.K || Navaneetha.S || Dr. Senthilkumar.V
Page No. :: 10-17

Column is a vertical structural member in a building frame having its longitudinal dimension exceeds the lateral dimension of the section. The failure modes of column include compression failure for short column, buckling failure for long columns. Column buckling is a unique and inquisitive focus in the area of structural mechanics with which the failure is not related to its strength of the material. The strength of compression members made of any cross-sectional dimensions depends on their slenderness ratio. The buckling analysis is to determine the maximum critical load that the column can support before it collapses. This paper aims to investigate the buckling analysis of varying cross-sectional dimensions of the column with its critical load carrying capacity. The critical load capacity causes elastic instability of a column with varying length and varying cross-sectional dimensions. The critical load solution was determined with Euler's buckling load theory and the theoretical results were compared with simulation studies using ANSYS 19.2 finite element analysis software.

Keywords: Column, Euler's buckling load theory, buckling analysis, Elastic instability

[1]. https://academic.csuhio.edu/duffys/overview_column_Analysis. Pdf.
[2]. Sumeet Chakraborty, M. S. Hora, K. K. Pathak. Buckling behaviour of steel column having an intermediate support. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, ISSN 1819-6608, vol. 12, no. 15, august 2017.
[3]. Anthony Beeman. Column buckling analysis. Thesis Report, April 26.2014.
[4]. V.Demenko. Mechanics of materials. Lecture 25, Buckling of columns (part1) Elastic column Behavior, (2015)
[5]. Czeslow Szymczak, Marcin Kujawa. Buckling of thin-walled columns accounting for initial geometrical imperfication. International Journal of Non-linear Mechanics (2017),http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2017.06.003.

Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Review of Pervious Concrete as a Drain Cover Slab
Country :: India
Authors :: H.Gopala Krishnan || Dr.K.Yogeswari
Page No. :: 18-23

In recent decades, the pervious concrete is widely used in the construction industry as pavement materials, stormwater management, permeable surface requirement areas, pedestrians, parking lots & many more etc. The main purpose of this review paper is to find further scope for pervious concrete as a drain cover slab. This paper is reviewed on findings, developments, future scope, research gaps on pervious concrete material in various aspects. Then pervious concrete is reviewed on materials, properties, lifecycle cost have been discussed and enlisted. The pervious concrete prospect and their potential are highlighted for further research work are outlined.

Keywords: pervious concrete, pervious slab, porous concrete, stormwater management.

[1]. A.K. Jain, J.S. Chouhan (2011) Effect of shape of aggregate on compressive strength and permeability properties of pervious concrete in Journal of Engineering Research and Studies. JERS/Vol. II/ Issue IV/October-December, 2011/48-51.
[2]. Alessandra bonicelli , Gilberto Martinez arguellius (2016) Experimental study on the effects of fine sand addition on a differentially compacted pervious concrete in Elsevier. Procedia Engineering 161 ( 2016 ) 1568 – 1573.
[3]. Amudhavall, N.K., Mathew, J. (2012) Effect of silica fume on strength and durability parameters of concrete in International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies. Volume 3, Issue 1, pp: 28-35.
[4]. Autade Pankaj, Anbhule Sachin (2017) Effect of super absorbant polymer in concrete.
[5]. Baoshan Huang, HaoWu, Xiang Shu, Edwin G.Burdette (2009) Laboratory evaluation of permeability and strength of polymermodified pervious concrete in Elsevier Construction and Building Materials 24 (2010) 818–823.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Fundamental Study Over Self Healing Techniques in High Strength Performance Concrete Structures
Country :: India
Authors :: Venkatesh Yedla || Dr. Pushpendra Kumar sharma
Page No. :: 24-34

In this developing world the concrete is the most extensively used building material in all types of framed concrete structures going under modern construction practices. Because the heavy concrete structures have high strength and durability, so in the long duration there arise possibilities of development of cracks due to number of causing factors. These cracks in concrete structures are not only unpreventable but continue increasing throughout the life span of concrete also and this results to what is the major weakness of concrete. Through these cracks the water and other salts can seep initiating corrosion in between the cracks reducing the life span of the concrete structures. So the repair or rehabilitation...........

Keywords: Bio-concrete, bio-technique, artificial, framed structures, bacterial components etc.

[1]. Keerthana k,Rajini A:"Comparitive study on bacterial concrete using bacillus sphaericus and Escherichia coli",International journal of innovative research in technology, March(2016)
[2]. Grammy Christian, gaurav gohil:"Engineering and durability property of bacterial self healing concrete-A Review",International journal for research in applied science and technology,November(2017)
[3]. Ms.T.Vidhuthalai, Dr.N.Ilavarasan on "Self healing concrete using bacteria",International journal of advancement in engineering technology and applied science,March(2018)
[4]. H.S Patil : "Compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete",(2008)
[5]. Yash sunnel khandekar : "Applicability of concrete treated with self healing bacterial agents",International journal of civil engineering and technology(2016)


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Mitigation of Energy Demands in Building Sector: A Review
Country :: India
Authors :: Amitkumar Dhir || Dr. Pushpendra Kumar Sharma
Page No. :: 35-38

Most of the countries are struggling to pace increasing energy demands and carbon emissions globally. Residential sector has significant role to play as it contributes a share of 27% in energy consumption and 17% in carbon emissions as per WEO 2017. Further windows play a significant role in buildings to mitigate the energy requirements and to reduce carbon footprints. At present researchers have carried out numerous modifications in windows and rare of them are tested experimentally as well, still nothing has been devised concrete. Many improvements tested or suggested as HISG, VT, DGU etc have been presented herein. The focus of this paper is to highlight the inputs across universe and their challenges in implementation. Most efficient glazing used commercially is HISG though VT window also shows remarkable results............

Keywords: Payback period, Daylight, Energy savings, Heat insulation solar glass, types of glass for windows.

[1]. BEC, "Energy Consevation Building Code," India, 2017.
[2]. IEA, "World energy Outlook," France, 2017.
[3]. PayamNejat;FatemehJomehzadeh; Mohammad Mahdi Taheri;MohammadGohari;MuhdZaimiAbd. Majid, "A Global review of energy consumption, CO2 emmissions and policy in the residential sector (With an overview of top ten CO2 emitting countries)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 43, pp. 843-862, 2015.
[4]. Alessandra Pierucci , Alessandro Cannavale, Francesco Martellotta , Francesco Fiorito, "Smart windows for carbon neutral buildings. A Life Cycle approach," 2018, doi//10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.01.021.
[5]. Akash Kumar Shukla, K. Sudhakar, PrashantBaredar, "Recent advancement in BIPV product technologies: A Review," Energy and Buildings, vol. 140, pp. 188-195, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.02.015.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: A Review on a Fire Retarding - Thatched Roof for Rural Development
Country :: India
Authors :: B.Dheepika Lakshmi || Dr. K.Yogeswari
Page No. :: 39-46

Most of the rural population suffers from poor housing, occupation, and education. Rural development focuses on providing a proper housing to rural people which is a basic need for a human being and also to bring them above their poverty status with the aid of economically and naturally available material for rural housing to make it a sustainable one. The study focuses on the various properties of thatch (i.e. dried coconut leaves) that which can be used as a roofing material for rural housing and also a suitable material is being identified to coat on thatch to make it resistance to fire. Simultaneously necessary techniques are examined out to resists the thatch against wind, rain, and insects by enhancing the construction methods. Thus, this study delivers a suitable fire resistant material to coat on thatch which in turn enhances the rural housing to be economical and sustainable with the locally and naturally available material.

Keywords- thatch, dried coconut leaves, sustainable rural housing, red soil, lime

[1]. Aditya Nandini. K, T.Samba Siva Rao, (2016), Experimental investigation on partial replacement of cement with fly ash and quarry dust as fine aggregate, Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, Volume 3, pp. 106-115
[2]. Amal Gambo Muazu, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Halil Zafer Alibaba (2017), The Use of Traditional Building Materials in Modern Methods of Construction (A Case Study of Northern Nigeria), International Journal of Engineering Science Technology And Research (IJESTR), Volume – 2, Page No. 30 – 40
[3]. Amorim. F & P. Mendonca (2016) Environmental Benefits from the Use of Vegetable Materials in Building Construction: Case Study in the South of Portugal, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, Vol. 7, pp. 431-435
[4]. Arinze, Odinma, S.C., Eboatu, A.N., R.U. and Okoye, N.H. (2013), Answer to the Call-for-help on the Flammability Nature of Rural Housing, IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN), Vol. 3, PP 06-09
[5]. Arman Hashemi, Heather Cruickshank, Ali Cheshmehzanji, (2015), Improving Thermal Comfort in Low-income Tropical Housing: The Case of Uganda, ZEMCH 2015 International Conference, pp.1-11.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: A Review of Sustainability Factors for a New Expressway Corridor
Country :: India
Authors :: R.Balakeerthana || Dr.K.Yogeswari
Page No. :: 47-53

Infrastructure Developments are considered as the key value for a development of a country. Depend upon the infrastructure development only; the status of a country is determined. The infrastructure developments are considered in various fields. The investment by an MNC in a country will most probably depend on the infrastructure development. These kind of infrastructure development will cost in a large scale. The investments are done either by the public, private or public-private partnership. Sustainable development has to be considered as an important point in these kinds of infrastructure projects. Sustainability is highly to be valued in the current situation of infrastructure development...........

Keywords: Expressway corridor, Sustainability, Infrastructure Development, Factors of Sustainability

[1]. Acharya, Tridev. Yang, Intae. Lee, Dongha. (2017). GIS-based preliminary feasibility study for the optimal route selection for China-India railway
[2]. through Nepal: Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying Geodesy Photogrammetry and Cartograph.
[3]. Aggarwal. S. (2018). Do rural roads create pathway out of poverty: Journal of Development Economic.
[4]. Antonio Estache And Gregoire Garsous. (2010). The impact of infrastructure on growth in developing countries: IFC Economics.
[5]. Barbara C. Richardson. (2005).Sustainable transport: an analysis framework: Journal of Transport Geography13 (2005) 29–3.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: A Critical Review on Behaviour of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using Recycled Aggregates
Country :: India
Authors :: Anshul Garg || Dr. Pushpendra Kumar Sharma
Page No. :: 54-59

Glass fiber reinforced polymer has become an alternative reinforcement in concrete structures due to its excellent corrosion resistance, making it possible to combine with concrete composed of seawater and sea sand. It has been observed that usage of glass fiber increases strength of concrete and repletion of concrete towards acid and alkali. Many researchers have reported that there exists a clear difference between properties such as porosity, water absorption, surface density, crushing value etc. of recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) and natural coarse aggregates (NCA). It has also been established that on replacing normal aggregates with recycled aggregates there is a slow depletion in strength properties where flexural properties depict a clear reduction in strength..........

Keywords : Glass fibers, RCA, NCA, workability, repletion, recycled.

[1]. Viviana Letelier, Ester Tarela, Pedro Muñoz and Giacomo Moriconi. Combined effects of recycled hydrated cement and recycled aggregates on the mechanical properties of concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 2017;132:365–375.
[2]. S.T. Tassew, A.S. Lubell. Mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced ceramic concrete. Construction and Building Material, 2014;51:215–224.
[3]. J. Takagi. Some Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete. Spec. Publ., 1974;44:93-112.
[4]. C. Vipulanandan, S. Mebarkia. Flexural and Facture Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Polymer Concrete. ACI SP, 1996;166:1–16.
[5]. S. H Alsayed, Y.A. Al-Salloum and T. H. Almusallam. Performance of glass fiber reinforced plastic bars as a reinforcing material for concrete structures. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2000;31:555-567


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Current Practices of Retrofitting and Strengthening of Rc Structures: A Review
Country :: India
Authors :: Sahil Jaggi || Pushpendra Kumar Sharma
Page No. :: 60-67

This paper presents a literature review concerning the mechanical properties such as flexural strength, bond strength, shear strength and compressive strength of plain cement concrete and reinforced cement concrete strengthened with Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP). It starts with the introduction and important behavioural response of FRP. A brief insight is given on the influence of using FRP on various structural members including concrete beams, columns, corbels and beam-column joints. Different techniques to repair and strengthen the damaged structural members are also given. Externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) and externally bonded reinforcement on groove (EBROG) technique which is an interesting alternative to the conventional method is presented in this paper.

Keywords- Fibre Reinforced Polymer, Concrete, Flexure strength, Repair and strengthening technique.

[1]. P. Asokan, M. Osmani, A.D.F. Price. Assessing the recycling potential of glass fibre reinforced plastic waste in concrete and cement composites. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2009; 17: 821–829.
[2]. J.M.L. Reis, A.J.M. Ferreira. Assessment of fracture properties of epoxy polymer concrete reinforced with short carbon and glass fibers, Construction and Building Materials, 2004;18:523–528.
[3]. Sakol Suon , Shahzad Saleem , Amorn Pimanmas. Compressive behavior of basalt FRP-confined circular and non-circular concrete specimens, Construction and Building Materials, 2019; 195:85–103.
[4]. M. Chellapandian , S. Suriya Prakash, Akanshu Sharma. Axial compression–bending interaction behavior of severely damaged RC columns rapid repaired and strengthened using hybrid FRP composites, Construction and Building Materials, 2019;195:390–404
[5]. Cheng Chen, Xue Li, Xiaowei Wang, Lili Sui, Feng Xing, Dawang Li, Yingwu Zhou. Effect of transverse groove on bond behavior of FRP-concrete interface: Experimental study, image analysis and design, Composites, 2019; 165:205–219


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Re-Use of Hospital Plastic Waste for Replacement of Coarse Aggregate in Concrete
Country :: India
Authors :: S.Kannan || S.Harikrishnan
Page No. :: 68-78

An approximately about 1.3 billion tons of waste is being generated in the world annually. This waste is a cause of various diseases. Open dumping of waste also destroys valuable agricultural land. Various researchers have beneficially used plastic waste in cement concrete and asphalt concrete in the past. The main object of my project is the use of aggregates, made from different types of plastic waste, as replacement of coarse aggregates in concrete. For this purpose waste is collected from different hospitals of the city. Plastic waste is shredded, heated and after cooling, pulverizes manually and mechanically. The following properties of the plastic aggregate are going to find out: Specific gravity, Water absorption, Soundness values, Impact and crushing values. In this project, the replacement of natural aggregates by hospital wastage plastic aggregates is up to 40% as 10% replacement in the concrete grade of M30. And then compare the relative strengths of natural aggregate concrete and hospital wastage aggregate.

Keywords: Hospital Waste (HW), Plastic Waste, Waste Generation, Asphalt Stability, Plastic Aggregates.

[1]. Re-use of Hospital Wastage in Replacement of Coarse aggregate in Concrete. Syed Shahan Ali Shah1, Rawid Khan2 (2009)
[2]. Plastic Waste Management; by Ali Khan(2010)
[3]. High Performance Concretes, A State of the Art Report‖, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, SHRPC/ FR-91-103, 1991.
[4]. Gambhir, M. L. (2004) Concrete Technology, Tata Mchraw- Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, pp. 352-448.
[5]. M. S. Shetti-‖Textbook of Concrete Technology‖, S. Chand Publication.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Study on Compressive Strength of Different Grades of Concrete Using Laterite Sand
Country :: India
Authors :: Urmila R || Rajapriya R || Ponmalar V
Page No. :: 79-83

Laterite a soil type rich in iron and aluminium formed under hot and wet tropical conditions, due to its cost effectiveness and energy efficiency than that of conventional modern materials can be used as a substitute of fine aggregate. This paper is part of a study investigating the structural characteristics of concrete using various combinations of laterite sand and M-sand as complete replacement for conventional river sand fine aggregate. The samples of concrete were made using varying contents of laterite and M-sand as fine aggregate. The quantity of laterite was varied from 0% to 100% against M-sand at intervals of 25%. The samples of concrete cubes are made in two different grades, namely M30 and M45. The results compared favourably with those of conventional concrete and optimum replacement of laterite as fine aggregate in concrete will be found out.

Keyword: Concrete, compressive strength, laterite sand, M-sand.

[1]. P.O. Awoyera J.O. Akinmusuru A.R. Dawson J.M. Ndambuki N.H. Thom. Micro structural characteristics, porosity and strength development in ceramic-laterized concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2018; 86: 224-237.
[2]. Biju Mathew Freeda Christy Souyma. Study on Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with M-Sand and Laterite with Super plasticizers. IJETT, 2016; 38: 413-416.
[3]. Benny Joseph Freeda Christy C and Biju Mathew. The Experimental Study of Physical Properties of Aggregate with Replacement of Late Rite for Mix Design. International Conference on Advanced Trends in Engineering and Technology, Forschung, Germany, 2014 ; 74-78.
[4]. A.Jayaraman, V.Senthilkumar, M.Saravanan. Compressive and tensile strength of concrete using lateritic sand and lime stone filler as fine aggregate. IJRET, 2014 ;3: 79-84.
[5]. Olusola Kolapo Olubunmi and Ata Olugbenga. Durability of Laterized Concrete Exposed to Sulphate Attack Under Drying-Wetting Cycles. Civil and Environmental Research, 2014; 6:33-38.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: A Critical Review on Green and Sustainable Concrete Reusing Various Dismentled Building Waste Materials
Country :: India
Authors :: Amit Kumar || Dr. Pushpendra Kumar Sharma
Page No. :: 84-91

Real estate is growing very rapidly worldwide and this field requires various construction materials most out of which the concrete as the core material. In manufacturing of concrete number of natural resources are employed creating an issue to environment. The consumption of Ordinary Portland Cement causes severe pollutions to the environment mainly due to emission of CO2. Ponderable efforts have been made all over the world for utilizing the locally available natural wastes and by product materials as supplementary cementing materials in cement concrete to improve its properties. The utilization of these waste materials leads to the proper disposal and lesser environmental effect...............

Keyword: Fly ash, GGBS, Silica Fume, waste materials, pozzolona etc.

[1]. Serkan Subası "The effects of using fly ash on high strength lightweight concrete produced with expanded clay aggregate", Scientific Research and Essay Vol. 4 (4) pp. 275-288, April, 2009
[2]. Pofale, A. D. and Deo, S. V. , "Comparative Long study of Concrete Mix Design Procedure for Fine Aggregate Replacement with Fly Ash by Minimum Voids Method and Maximum Density Method", KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 14-Number 5(2010), pp- 759-764.
[3]. Ravande Kishore, V.Bhikshma and P.Jeevana Prakash "Study on Strength Characteristics of High Strength Rice HuskAshConcrete",ProcediaEngineering,Volume 14, 2011, pp 2666-2672.
[4]. Godwin A. Akeke , Joseph O. Ukpata and Maurice E. Ephraim "Compressive strength of concrete with rice husk ash as partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement , Journal of Engineering Research Vol. 1(2), pp. 32-36, May 2012
[5]. Dr S L Patil, "Fly ash concrete: A technical analysis for compressive strength" , International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies E-ISSN2249–8974,Vol 2,Issue 1,Oct-Dec 2012.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Comparative Study On I Girder And Box Girder For Design Of Psc Bridge
Country :: India
Authors :: V.N.L.S.A.P.Aishwarya || I. Yamini Srevalli || M.Neelakantam
Page No. :: 92-101

Prestressed concrete consists high strength concrete and high tensile steel which has greater advantages in bridge construction. PSC bridges are widely used in recent developments due to the reason that it leads to durable and economical sections with increased aesthetic appearance as compared with conventional bridges. The major advantage of PSC is for composite construction including precast prestressed girders with cast in-situ slab deck which is emerging popular in recent developments, involves construction of bridge with minimum disruption of traffic. In this project, comparison is made between prestressed I girder and box girder to find out the most suitable section for superstructure of the bridge. Since, both having distinct sections, comparison of quantity of materials resulting from design of sections............

Keyword: Major bridge, Prestressed Concrete, Post tensioned girders, STAAD Pro, Substructure Design.

[1] R. West (1973). C&CA/CIRIA Recommendations on the use of grillage analysis for slab and pseudo – slab bridge decks. Director of Research and Development Cement and Concrete Association, SBN 72100897 6.
[2] J.L.Clarke (1976). A guide to the design of anchor blocks for post tensioned prestressed concrete. CIRIA Publication. UDC 624.07.012.
[3] Randall W. Poston, Alan R. Phillips, Riyadh A. Almustafa, John E. Breen, Ramon L. Carrasquillo (1988). Effects of transverse prestressing in bridge decks. ASCE. ISSN 0733-9445/88/0004.
[4] Khaled M. Sennah, John B. Kennedy (2002). Literature Review in Analysis of Box Girder Bridges. J. Bridge Eng. 2002.7:134-143. ASCE.
[5] Man Yop Han, Eui-Seung Hwang, and Chadon Lee (2003). Prestressed Concrete Girder with Multistage Prestressing Concept. ACI Structural Journal 100(6):723-731.


Paper Type :: Research Paper
Title :: Enhancement of Corrosion Resistant Characteristic of Rebar Using Natural Organic Inhibitor
Country :: India
Authors :: B.Jeyanth || M.Vijay || S.Sivaranjani
Page No. :: 102-106

Concrete is widely recognized as a cost effective and versatile material for construction. In general concrete is highly brittle & lack in flexural strength.To enhance the flexural strength of the concrete, Steel has been used as reinforcement material for concrete structures due its high flexural strength from decades. But Corrosion of steel is the major defect for the deterioration of concrete. Hence Corrosion control of reinforced steel is very important to increase the life of the structure.The main objective of this project is to prevent corrosion on steel. Various strategies such as Coatings & linings, cathodic protection, electrical resistivity method & corrosion inhibitors were adopted as the preventive measure of corrosion.........

Keyword: Corrosion Inhibitor, Pomegranate Peel Powder-PPE, Accelerated Corrosion, pH test.

[1]. Rakesh Verma & Amit Singhal, A Review on Study of CPCC, FBEC & CRSD as Reinforcing Bar,International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2017; ISSN: 2278-0181
[2]. Corrosion Testing of Concrete Structures, David Simpson, Peter Robery, John Broomfield and Simon Bladon, January 2016
[3]. D.B.McDonald, Corrosion Protection for Concrete Structures in Marine Environments, DOI, 10.1061/41190(422)8; August 2011
[4]. PandianBothi Raja, SeyedmojtabaGhoreishiamiri and Mohammad Ismail, Natural Corrosion inhibitors for Steel Reinforcement in Concrete - A Review, Surface Review and Letters, Vol. 22, No. 3 (2015) 1550040
[5]. Han-Seung Lee, Hwa-Sung Ryu, Won-Jun Park and Mohamed A. Ismail, Comparative Study on Corrosion Protection of Reinforcing Steel by Using Amino Alcohol and Lithium Nitrite Inhibitors, Materials2015; 8, 251-269
[6]. HabibAshassi-Sorkhabi, ShojaMirzaee, Taghi Rostamikia, and Robabeh Bagheri, Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peel Extract as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution, Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Corrosion Volume 2015, Article ID 197587