The nonlinear model of the electro-valve driven hydraulic system is presented. Base on mathematical model, a speed control of an electro-hydraulic system is investigated in the paper based on Dynamic Surface Control (DSC). DSC is a systematic controller caculated by combining backstep-ping technique and sliding mode control... In order to regulate the system's state to the desired speed under the changes of external torque, an adaptive control is proposed in this paper. The system stability is proven, and a number of simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the controller.

Keywords: Hydraulic system, Dynamic surface control, Adative control, Backstepping-sliding mode control, Lyapunov's stability

[1] M. B. Rannow and P. Y. Li, "On/off valve based position control of a hydraulic cylinder," in ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2007, pp. 141–149.

[2] A. A. Aly, "Model reference PID control of an electro-hydraulic drive," Int. J. Intell. Syst. Appl., vol. 4, no. 11, p. 24, 2012.

[3] D. Lovrec, V. Tic, and T. Tasner, "Simulation-aided determination of an efficiency field as a basis for maximum efficiency controller design," Int. J. Simul. Model., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 669–682, 2015.

[4] F. Najafi, M. Fathi, and M. Saadat, "Dynamic modelling of servo pneumatic actuators with cushioning," Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol. 42, no. 7–8, pp. 757–765, 2009.

[5] C. C. Soon, R. Ghazali, H. I. Jaafar, S. Y. S. Hussien, S. M. Rozali, and M. Z. A. Rashid, "Position tracking optimization for an electro-hydraulic actuator system," J. Telecommun. Electron. Comput. Eng., vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 1–6, 2016.

The objective of The ability to harvest energy from the environment represents an important technology area that promises to eliminate wires and battery maintenance for many important applications and permits deploying self powered devices. This paper suggests the Application of Charging Mobile Phone by solar energy. In the beginning, a comprehensive overview to the energy harvesting concept and technologies is presented. Then the Application of Charging Mobile Phone by solar energy its efficiency to charge the aimed batteries under sunlight or an indoor artificial light. However it becomes very inconvenient for persons occupied with work or travelling long distances as the average lifetime of a mobile phone battery is less than 10 hours.Solar phone chargers use small solar panel to absorb light. This process still forces customers to carry another device along with their cell phone.

Keywords: mobile phone , battery , sun , solar energy

[1]. http://www.esdalcollege.nl/eos/vakken/na/zonnecel.htm
[2]. Dinesh .Amira .M. Achuthan, " SOLAR POWER OPERATED TABLE FOR CHARGING ELECTRONIC GADGETS " , international Journal of Students' Research In Technology & Management ISSN 2321-2543, Vol 5, No 3, September 2017, pp 11-15 .
[3]. Y. Kim, Y. W.Chang and M. Pedram,"Maximum power Transfer tracking in a solar charger for smartphones". Int.J.in Advent Technology. Vol.1.pp.1-5,2015.
[4]. K. U. Chafle, B. M.Faruk, R. S.Shrivas and N.S. Sawarkar, "Coin based mobile charger on solar energy". Int.J.of Reserch –Granthaalayah, vol.3,pp. 13-18, 2015.
[5]. Y. Liu, Z. Qin and C. Zhao, "AutoCharge: Automatically Charge Smartphones Using a Light Beam". Int.J. Microsoft Research. vol. 1. pp.1-12,2015.

Search provided is Empirical Study of Multi-roundabout object in Benghazi Libya claims ALSALAM roundabout and it is one of the largest courses in the city of Benghazi, because of its importance you examine the situation of congestion worsening because of the traffic around the roundabout, which requires knowledge of the characters of this congestion and know all the reasons. It is contains an introduction to include on the background of the subject matter described the details of the study site and also the population of the city of Benghazi as there are details of the study area and its environs and to clarify the problem statement and objectives of the study, which aims to develop a solution to this problem and finally contains a flow chart of the search. This chapter includes the theories of text analysis of traffic flow around the roundabout and also on the traffic analysis equations Following the Indonesian Code (IHCM) where there is utmost account transactions, including the rotor conclude degree of saturation of the roundabout compared to the traffic flow with the traffic capacity...........

Keywords: component, formatting, style, styling, insert (key words)

[1]. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Washington, D.C.: FHWA, 1988.
[2]. Department of Transport (United Kingdom). Geometric Design of Roundabouts. TD 16/93. September 1993.
[3]. Transportation Research Board. Highway Capacity Manual.Special Report 209. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, July 1999 (draft).
[4]. Courage, K.G. "Roundabout Modeling in CORSIM." Presented at the Third International Symposium on Intersections without Traffic Signals, Portland, Oregon,U.S.A., 1997.
[5]. Paramics, Ltd. "Comparison of Arcady and Paramics for Roundabout Flows." Version 0.3. August 23, 1996.

In this paper, using the concept of F - contraction, we first establish a unique common fixed point theorem for two self mapping on complete b-metric spaces. The results extend and generalize some results in the literature.

Keywords: Complete b- metric space, common fixed points, F-contractions.

[1]. Ahmad et al. Fixed Point Theory and Application (2015) 2015:80.
[2]. H.H. Alsulami, E. Karapinar, H. Piri, Fixed points of generalised F-Suxuki type contraction incomplete b-metric spaces, Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 2015, 8 pages.
[3]. H. Aydi, M.F. Bota, E. Karapinar, S. Mitrovic, A fixed point theorem for set-valued quasi-contractions in b-metric spaces, Fixed Point Theory Appl., 88(2012), 8 pages.
[4]. H. Aydi, M.F. Bota, E. Karapinar, S. Moradi, A common fixed point for weak ϕ-contractions on b-metric spaces, Fixed Point Theory, 13(2012), no. 2, 337-346.
[5]. S. Banach, Sur les operations dans les ensemble abstraits et leur application aux equations integrales, Fundamental Mathematicae 3(1922) 133-181.

Structural systems like plan asymmetry is mostly seen in modern multi-storey constructions in urban areas. In the present study, the behavior of G+5 storied reinforced concrete frame buildings having irregularities confirming to IS 1893 (Part 1), 2016 subjected to an earthquake such as, re-entrant corner and diaphragm discontinuity located in seismic zone V is analyzed under non-static response pushover analysis using SAP2000 v21 software. The main objective of the study is to carry out the performance-based analysis-pushover analysis to obtain performance levels of asymmetric buildings for the future earthquakes and to understand different irregularity. Different types of model such as R1, R2 for re-entrant corner and D1, D2 for diaphragm discontinuity analyzed in the study. The various parameters like capacity spectrum curve, performance point and roof displacement of different models are considered for comparison. It is observed that the model with diaphragm discontinuity has more load carrying capacity than the model with re-entrant corner. Further it is observed that asymmetric model has different displacement value in both direction while in symmetric model, displacement values are same.

Keywords: Diaphragm discontinuity, Load carrying capacity, Pushover analysis, Re-entrant corner.

[1]. Modakwar, N. P., Meshram, S. S., & Gawatre, D. W. (2014). Seismic Analysis of Structures with Irregularities. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE), 4 (63-66).
[2]. G. M., Shetty, K. K., & Hegde, A. K. (2014). Non Linear Static Pushover Analysis of Irregular Space Frame Structure With And Without T Shaped Columns. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 663-667.
[3]. Ahmed, J., & Raza, S. A. (2014). Seismic Vulnerability of Rc Buildings by Considering Plan. Global Journal For Research Analysis, 6 (42-47).
[4]. Siva Naveen.E, Nimmy Mariam Abraham and Anitha Kumari S.D (2018) "Analysis of Irregular Structures under Earthquake Loads", 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018, ELSEVIER.
[5]. ATC-40 - "Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings", Applied Technology Council, November 1996..

Conventional seismic design attempts to make buildings that do not collapse under strong earthquake shaking, but may sustain damage to non-structural elements and to some structural members in the building. This may render the building non-functional after the earthquake, which is not acceptable for important buildings, like hospitals, fire stations, etc. Special techniques are required to design buildings they remain practically undamaged even in a severe earthquake. Buildings with such improved seismic performance usually cost more than normal buildings. However, this cost is justified through improved earthquake performance. One of the technologies used to protect buildings from damaging earthquake effects is ―Base Isolation‖. The idea behind base isolation is to separate (isolate) the building from the ground in such a way that earthquake motions are not transmitted up through the building, or at least greatly reduced............

Keywords: earthquake force, confined displacement, control collapse of building, safety of building

[1]. Farzad Naeim, Ronald L Mayes (2000), ―Design of Structures with Seismic Isolation‖, Seismic Design Handbook, Chapter 14, pg.723-756
[2]. Yeong-Bin Yang, Kuo-Chun Chang, Jong-Dar Yau (2000), ―Base Isolation‖, Earthquake Engineering Handbook, Chapter 17, pg.17.1-17.31
[3]. Rihui Zhang (2000), ―Seismic Isolation and supplemental Energy Dissipation‖, Bridge Engineering - Seismic Design, Chapter 9, pg 9.1-9.36
[4]. David Key (1998), ―Isolation and Energy Absorbers‖, Earthquake Design Practice for Buildings, Chapter 4, pg. 69-79
[5]. Chopra A. K. (2001), ―Base Isolation‖, Dynamics of Structures - Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition, 2001.

Classification of objects is a basic task carried out for nearly every product. A common classification method is by classifying an object based on its shape and/or size. By scanning any object, one can look for intricacies in its design. This poses a need for a simple and efficient solution for scanning an object for its 3 dimensional structure. 3 dimensional modeling has become quite popular in recent times and various research is happening in the field of 3 dimensional scanning. Our project aims at bringing the same features and convenience when it comes to detecting and manipulating 3 dimensional objects. It allows the user to understand various structures and replicate them on a computer to understand the mechanics behind the structure..........

Keywords: 3 Dimensional modelling and scanning, Photogrammetry principle, Reconstruction.

[1]. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/LHT-10-2017-0206/full/html?af=R Henson, K., Constantino, P., O'Keefe, F. and Popovich, G. (2019), "Three-dimensional scanning and printing techniques to analyze and archive human skeletal remains", Library Hi Tech, Vol. 37 No. 3, pp. 389-400. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-10-2017-0206
[2]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photogrammetry
Wikipedia contributors. (2020, April 14). Photogrammetry. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 17:05, April 28, 2020.
[3]. http://students.iitk.ac.in/eclub/assets/documentations/summer14/3d_laser_scanner.pdf
This was a research paper published by iitKanpur students where they had explained about entire process of 3-d scanning , its various types, comparison between them and explained various aspects of laser scanning.
[4]. https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/621838643/desktop-3d-scanner
CADScan was formed in 2011, motivated by a desire to make 3D scanning easy to use and accessible to all. They developed a system software using their prototype scanner hardware on their own simulation software. A complete system simulation is created which allows them to test and validate system performance and to optimize the configuration of the scanner for several different applications [7].

The tradition of treating sewage in India is not very popular and the practice which is in use is direct discharge in various natural water bodies. Where ever the sewage is treated the main problem occur is dumping of sludge, as it dumped in an open environment which leads to pollution in environment. On other hand, brick is one of the important element in civil engineering and construction industry, so using sludge as primary brick manufacturing material will make the brick more economical as well as load of sludge for dumping will automatically get reduce. The work of using sludge as a brick manufacturing material is in progress all around the globe and India is also making a remarkable progress in this direction. We are trying to use sludge in various proportions with fly ash and with clay after performing all tests we will analyze the feasibility of sludge as brick manufacturing material.

Keywords: Sludge, Sewage, STP-Sewage Treatment Plant, Sludge Disposal, Clay, Brick

[1]. P.Amsayazhi1, K.Saravana Raja Mohan,Use of Sludge Waste as Ingredient in Making of Brick,International Journal of Engineering &Technology, 7 (3.12) (2018) 419-422
[2]. Keerthana. S, Kavya. K, Pradeep.T, Sharmila.S, Study on Effect of Partial Replacement of Sludge in Bricks, International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-7, Issue-6, March 2019
[3]. Ponkarthikeyan P, Ganesh R, Sheerin Farzana A, Experimental Study on Bricks Using Water Treatment Sludge, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & EngineeringTechnology (IJRASET), Volume 4 Issue XI, November 2016, IC Value: 13.98 ISSN: 2321-9653
[4]. Govind Bikkad, Chetan Sontakke, Baliram Janwade, Gajendra Giri, Vaibhav Kalbhor, Rohini Khandelwal, Replacing The Fly Ash By Stp Dry Sludge In Manufacturing Of Fly Ash Bricks, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 05 Issue: 06 | June 2018
[5]. Yousif Algamal, N. M. Khalil1, Qayid M. Saleem, Usage of The Sludge From Water Treatment Plant
In Brick-Making Industry, Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 53, 3, 2018, 504-510

Ensemble methods is a strategy based algorithm. It is the combination of best suited machine learning algorithms to get more reliable, accruable result, ensemble methods came in to picture. Troupes (ensemble) are sets of learning machines that consolidate their choices or their learning calculations, or different perspectives on information, or other specific attributes to acquire increasingly solid and progressively precise expectations in regulated and also learning issues. In this paper the previous study related to Ensemble methods is discussed and gives a future aspect of Ensemble methods. Here also discussed about the categorization of Ensemble methods, As well as the comparison between single machine learning model and combination of multiple models is given. These days outfit strategies speak to one of the fundamental momentum research lines in Artificial Intelligence. The main purpose of this study is to spread out the importance of Ensemble Methods and prediction of future aspect of it.

Keywords: Ensemble Methods, Combination of classifiers

[1]. Alejandro Pena-Ayala, Educational data mining: A survey and a data mining-based analysis of recent works, Expert Systems with Applications, Pp.1432-1462,(2014).
[2]. C.Romeroand S.Ventura. Educational Data Mining: A Survey from 1995 to 2005. Expert Systems with Applications,Vol.33,(2007),135-146.
[3]. Han, J., Kamber, M., and Pei, J. (2013). Data Mining Concepts and Techniques, third edition. Morgan Kaufmann.
[4]. Hashmia Hamsa, Simi Indiradevi, Jubilant J.Kizhakkethottam. Student academic performance Prediction Model Using Decision Tree and Fuzzy genetic algorithm, Procedia Technology, Vol. 25 (2016), 326 332.
[5]. Evandro B. Costa *, Baldoino Fonseca, Marcelo Almeida Santana, Fabrsia Ferreira de Arajo, Joilson Rego., Evaluating the effectiveness of educational data mining techniques for early prediction of students‟ academic failure in introductory programming courses, Computers in Human Behavior 73 (2017) 247-256.

With the rapid expansion of economic production and urban areas, the climate becomes abnormal and the original water circulation disturbed or totally destroyed, which makes the settlements and communities suffer from water related threats such as drought, flood and water logging. The water management strategies in the heritage landscape concerned are in line with landscape ecological requirements, and the need for sustainable development through practice and the test of time. Vernacular architecture, as part of the landscape heritage, has a deep root in tradition, being a cultural asset which influences the traditional and sustainable land use through the location, form, material, structure and size of the buildings. The classical courtyard house of China, the "YuanLuo", represents an outstanding............

Keywords: landscape heritage; water management; sustainable landscape; Shang Gan Tang village, cultural landscape

[1]. Biesbroek, G. R., Swart, R. J., Carter, T. R., Cowan, C., Henrichs, T., Mela, H., Rey, D. (2010) Europe adapts to climate change: Comparing National Adaptation Strategies. Global Environmental Change, 20(3), 440–450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.03.005
[2]. Bougdah, H. (2017) The Courtyard House: Can a Sustainable Future Learn from a Context Relevant Past International Journal on: Environmental Science and Sustainable Development, pp. 83-95DOI: 10.21625/essd.v1i1.17ISSN (Print: 2357-0849, online: 2357-0857)
[3]. Carter, R. C., Tyrrel, S. F., & Howsam, P. (1999) The impact and sustainability of community water supply and sanitation programmes in developing countries. Water and Environment Journal, 13(4), 292–296. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1999.tb01050.x
[4]. Casey, A., & Becker, A. (2019) Institutional and Conceptual Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation for Coastal Cultural Heritage. Coastal Management, 47(2), 169–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2019.1564952
[5]. Crouch, D. P. (1990) Planning water management for an ancient Greek city. In Hydrological processes and water management in urban areas. Lectures and papers, UNESCO/IHP symposium, Duisburg, Lelystad, Amsterdam, and Rotterdam, 1988.

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Keywords: First Key word, Second Key word, Third Key word, Minimum 3 and maximum 6 words.

[1]. G. Eason, B. Noble, and I.N. Sneddon, "On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions," Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, , April 1955, vol. A247, pp.529-551
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