In order to eliminate the low frequency transformer in inverter, cascaded current fed push pull converter with voltage doubler circuit is used, which directly gives step-up DC voltage to the inverter input. This transformer has the drawback of providing low direct input voltage and it is large in size, heavy weight and high cost. By using inverter it increases the efficiency and gives the maximum output voltage In this project, Inductive motor appliances is driven by inverter which is used in residential purposes (AC fan, light). The control mechanism used in inverter is Sine-Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM). The push pull converter stage provides electrical isolation between battery and inverter output. The boosted DC voltage is inverted by SPWM. Microcontroller is used to control the gate pulses of switches in converter.

Keyword :Current fed push pull converter, DC/AC inverter, Sine pulse width modulation (SPWM), Microcontroller.

[1]. D. R. Nayanasiri, D. M. Vilathgamuwa, D. L. Maskell and G. F. H. Beng, "Soft switching single inductor current-fed push-pull converter for PV applications," IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Dallas, TX, 2014, pp. 5589-5594.
[2]. S. D. Nugraha, O. A. Qudsi, D. S. Yanaratri, E. Sunarno and I. Sudiharto, "MPPT-current fed push pull converter for DC bus source on solar home application," 2017 2nd International conferences on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE), Yogyakarta, 2017, pp. 378-383.
[3]. M. Shahbazi, M. Mohamadian and A. Y. Varjani, "Parallel operation of series-parallel Uninterruptible Power Supplies," 2016 7th Power Electronics and Drive Systems Technologies Conference (PEDSTC), Tehran, 2016, pp. 268-272.
[4]. A. Lahyani, P. Venet, A. Guermazi and A. Troudi, "Battery/Super capacitors Combination in Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1509-1522, April 2013.
[5]. J. M. Shen, H. L. Jou and J. C. Wu, "Transformerless single-phase three-wire line-interactive uninterruptible power supply," in IET Power Electronics, vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 1847-1855, November 2012.

Switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive with a novel Torque Distribution Function (TDF) for highspeed applications, in order to reduce torque ripple. The origin of torque pulsations in an SRM is due to the highly nonlinear & discrete nature of torque production mechanism. The total torque in an SRM is the sum of torques generated by each of the stator phases, which are controlled independently. Torque-ripple reduction in switched reluctance motors (SRM) has become a major research theme. In servo control applications or when smooth control is required at low speeds, reduction of the torque ripple becomes the main issue in an acceptable control strategy. In this paper Fuzzy logic controller with buck boost converter is used and ANN controller which performs tasks that a linear program cannot, such as the performance of conventional Proportional- Integral (PI) controller and PID controller are also considered.

Keywords: ANN Controller ,DC-DC Buck Boost Converter, Data Acquisition Techniques, Fuzzy Controller, Switched Reluctance Motor.

[1]. R. Krishnan, Switched Reluctance Motor Drives, CRC Press LLC, 2001.
[2]. T.J.E. Miller, Switched Reluctance Motors and Their Control, Magna Physics, Oxford, 1992.
[3]. Husain, I. and M. Ehsani, "Torque ripple Minimization in Switched Reluctance Motor Drives by PWM Control", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1996, pp. 83-88.
[4]. M. Ilic-Spong, T. J. E. Miller, S. R. MacMinn, and J. S. Thorp, "Instantaneous torque control of electric motor drives," IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 2, no. 1, 1987, pp. 55–61.
[5]. B.K Bose, Power Electronics and Variable Frequency Drives, IEEE Press, 1997.[6] Le-Huy, H.; Brunelle, P. "A versatile nonlinear switched reluctance motor model in Simulink using realistic and analytical magnetization characteristics", Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Annual Conference of the Industrial Electronics Society 2005 (IECON-2005), 6-10 Nov. 2005

An unconventional multiplexing technique applied harmonics extraction method is presented in this paper. single phase inverter programmed for the reduction of harmonics in output voltage. These harmonics components of the voltage are highly distorted current signals particularly when the inverter supplies the non linear loads. To obtain a very low harmonics large feedback around the noise signal has been employed. The multiple observers yield very pure in-phase and quadrature voltage signals for use in the outer loop and similar signals for stabilizing the inner current loop. The Inverter could be modeled as a feed back control system with the fundamental component of the voltage as the desired output while the voltage harmonics take the role of noise creeping into the output.To obtain a very low total harmonic distortion in the voltage waveform, the well-known control strategy of using a very large feed back around the noise signal has been employed

Keywords: Harmonics, linear, quadrature, feedback, distortion

[1]. Bretschneider, F., Weille, J.R.De.2006. Introduction to Electrophysiological Methods and Instrumentation. Academic Press, Medical, pp. 266
[2]. http://worldwidescience.org/topicpages/v/variable-speed+fan+performance.html
[3]. Baggini, A.2008. Handbook of Power Quality. John Wiley & Sons, Technology & Engineering, pp. 642
[4]. http://www.hersheyenergy.com/harmonics.html
[5]. Won, P.K.2001. A Review of Active Power Filters. R&D Center, Poscon

This project is mainly used to reduce the voltage ripple and improve the power quality of the DC system. The proposed method superimposes a negative sequence fundamental current on the compensating current to cancel out the active power ripple caused by harmonic. We have proposed a control method for active power filter using k-step compensator capable of a great reduction in the dc capacitor voltage fluctuation when a sudden load change occurs. The proposed method has also confirmed to fulfil the reduction in the capacitance value of the dc capacitor to 1/7 by theoretically analysis and experimental verification. As a result, the proposed method has the capability to eliminate the source frequency.

Keywords- Active power filter, dc capacitor, k-step compensator, voltage ripple, negative – sequence fundamental current.

[1]. H. Fujita "A reduction method of a DC capacitor in a single-phase active power filter" Proc. IEEE Power Electronics and Drive Systems pp. 517-522 2009.
[2]. H. Fujita R. Suzuki "A three-phase solar power conditioner using a single-phase PWM control method" IEEJ Trans. IA vol. 130 no. 2 pp. 173-180 2010.
[3]. C. Jin Y. Tang P. Wang X. Liu D. Zhu F. Blaabjerg "Reduction of DC-link capacitance for three-phase three-wire shunt active power filters" IEEE IECON 2013 pp. 1203-1208 2013.
[4]. T. Mannen H. Fujita "Dynamic control and analysis of DC-capacitor voltage fluctuations in three-phase active power filters" IEEE Trans. Power Electron. vol. 31 no. 9 pp. 6710-6718 2016.
[5]. Y. Tang W. Yao P. Loh F. Blaabjerg "Highly reliable transformer less photovoltaic inverters with leakage current and pulsating power elimination" IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. vol. 63 no. 2 pp. 1016-1026 2016.

Induction motors are widely used in several areas for domestic and also industrial purposes, due to its simple structure and low manufacturing cost. Nowadays due to increased population the demand is increasing and the electrical power couldn't be supplied efficiently. Hence in order to overcome those problems faced by the mankind we have introduced a new concept in water pump to convert the wasted kinetic energy into electrical energy with help of Axial Magnetic Flux [1] Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator where coil is stator and permanent magnet as rotor. In the case of wind turbine generating power [2], where the input is not constant, it has high initial cost and it is not affordable to everyone. To rectify these problems we have implemented the proposed concept with some modification where input is constant and it has less initial cost which makes our system applicable in residential and industrial areas.

Keywords: Axial Flux, Permanent magnet, Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG).

[1]. Claudiu BRAD, Ioan VADAN, Ioan BERINDE, Design And Analysis Of An Axial Magnetic Flux Wind Generator, 2017.
[2]. Grzegorz Kostro, Filip Kutt, Michal Michna and Mieczyslaw Ronkowski "Low speed permanent magnet synchronous generator for vertical axis wind turbine", International Symposium on Electrical Machines (SME) 2017.
[3]. N. F. Zulkarnain, T. Ibrahim, M. F. Romlie "Design and Optimization of Permanent Magnet Machine for Ceiling Fan" Department of Electrical and Electronic, University Teknology PETRONAS 31750, Seri Iskandar, Perak Malaysia, 2016.
[4]. Shaopeng Wumei Cui, Design and Analysis of Counter-Rotating Dual Rotors Permanent Magnet Compensated Pulsed Alternator, 2017.
[5]. F. Zulkarnain, T. Ibrahim and H. Z. Hashim "Design and Modeling of Electrical Machine for Ceiling Fan System" Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,, Member, IEEE, Weiduo Zhao, Songlin Wu, and Shu University Teknology Petronas, Perak, Malaysia,2015.

Over the past decades with the increase in population, demand for power have raised to a great extent. The intervention of latest technologies haveinfluenced the generation, transmission and distribution of the power produced and still it is an issue all over the world in dealing with the wastage of electrical energy in accordance with the shortage of power and also traditionally we have followed the electrical billing system of manual reading whereas chances of human errors, fraud billing and power theft have occurred. Although the power theft is a major issue which results in overloading and power shortage, the proposed system is to recognize and overcome the serious problems in the existing. Here we are replacing the existing postpaid energy meter with the prepaid billing system, with the solution for the major issues in the existing system by facilitating with PLC and SCADA based on IoT and enables the customer live monitoring of the energy usage and bill payment.

Keywords - GSM, PLC, Prepaid System, SCADA, Smart energy meter.

[1]. L.C.Saika, H. Das, N.B Dev Choudhry, T.Malakar,2016 "GPRS enabled smart energy meter andautomation of home appliances", IEEE Annual India Conference.
[2]. Himshekhar Das, L.C.Saikia,2015 "GSM Enabled Smart Energy Meter and Automation of Home Appliances"IEEE.
[3]. Dineshkumar.K,2015 "Development of ARM Processor based Electricity Theft Control System using GSM Network", International Conference on Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies.
[4]. Darshan Iyer N and Dr. K A Radhakrishna Rao,2015 IoT Based Energy Meter Reading, Theft Detection and Disconnection using PLC modem and Power Optimization, Proc of IJAREEIE.
[5]. P.Thamarai, R.Amudhevalli,2014 "Energy Monitoring System USING PLC & SCADAS" International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) .

The automated billing trolley using wireless technology introduces the innovative idea to ease the shopping which is trending to be a regular activity among us. The proposed system is to minimize the big rush at the counter whereas standing in the queue for long time seems to be an hourly process. The customer can show the item to the barcode scanner placed in the trolley. With the help of concern webpage from the smart phone connected to the wifi network the user can view the list of the items purchased according to the budget of the customer they can alter the items list. The only thing the customer has to do is just to confirm the trolley number to the person incharge with the counter, so that the person incharge can provide the customer with the finalized invoice. The invoice will be stored in the database for any future references. The main aim of the proposed system is to provides the product details such as expiry date, cost, discount offers and avoid the unnecessary time wastage at the billing counter and to facilitate a smart shopping experience.

Keywords: Trolley, Barcode scanner, Arduino UNO R3, Node MCU, USB Host Shield, Webpage.

[1]. F. Xia, L. T. Yang, L. Wang, and A. Vinel, "Internet of things," International Journal of Communication Systems, vol. 25, no. 9, p. 1101, 2012.
[2]. P. Castillejo, J.-F. Martinez, J. Rodriguez-Molina, and A. Cuerva, "Integration of wearable devices in a wireless sensor network for an e-health application," IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 38–49, 2013.
[3]. N. Mitton, S. Papavassiliou, A. Puliafito, and K. S. Trivedi, "Combining cloud and sensors in a smart city environment," EURASIP journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, vol. 2012, no. 1, p. 1, 2012.
[4]. T. Song, R. Li, X. Xing, J. Yu, and X. Cheng, "A privacy preserving communication protocol for iot applications in smart homes," International Conference on Identification, Information and Knowledge in the Internet of Things (IIKI) 2016, 2016.
[5]. T. Shanmugapriyan, "Smart cart to recognize objects based on user intention," International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, vol. 2, no. 5, 2013.

This paper presents design and performance analysis of Permanent magnet synchronous motor ofKW. The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) are high-performance electromechanical motion devices. The cogging torque of PMSM is reduced and the efficiency of motor is increased and then Finite element method (FEM) is used for determining the performance characteristics of motor. Permanent magnet synchronous motor, design and the reducing of its cogging torque is done on ANSYS/Maxwell 2D.In last motor is analyze by varying the lead angle in control circuit.

Keywords : Ansys software, cogging torque, FEM method, Permanent magnet synchronous motor

[1]. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (Pmsm). Parameters Influence On The Synchronization Process Of A Pmsm J. Rais1, M. P. Donsión2
[2]. Speed Control Of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Power Reaching Law Based Sliding Mode Controller Navaneethan S1, Jovitha Jerome2 1assistant Professor, 2professor & Head Department Of Instrumentation And Control Systems Engineering Psg College Of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
[3]. Design And Optimization Of A Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor For A High Cycle Industrial Cutter By Alexander Stening Master Thesis Supervisors: Dr. Juliette Soulard Tech. Lic. Florence Libert Royal Institute Of Technology Department Of Electrical Engineering Electrical Machines And Power Electronics , Stockholm March 2006 Xr-Ee-Eme 2006:002
[4]. New Methods For Reducing The Cogging Torque And Torque Ripples Of Pmsm Gurakuq Dajaku1) And Dieter Gerling2), Ieee 1 Feaam Gmbh, D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany 2 Universitaet Der Bundeswehr Muenchen, D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany
[5]. Proceedings Of 2015 Ieee International Conference On Id5297 Applied Superconductivity And Electromagnetic Devices Shanghai, China, November 20-23, 2015 978-1-4673-8107-9/15/$31.00 ©2015 Ieee 448 "Model Predictive Direct Torque Control Of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With Reduced Torque Ripple"

This paper aims at providing a solution to the problems faced in the existing analogue water meters that include the low accuracy in flow measurement, air valve issue, manual billing system and uneven distribution of water. The DIGITAL WATER METER overcomes these limitations. It automates the billing system using a low power wireless technology-ESP8266 WIFI Module. Water consumption is monitored in real time and the data is transmitted to the data centre via ESP8266 for storage, billing and maintenance purposes. It also has a special advantage of open tap and leakage detection and generating alert messages when leakage gets detected so that we can able avoid the leakage as well as wastage of water. This project will help us in effective water conservation. In this study we suggest including cloud storage as well as live monitoring through the website for monitoring live data of water usage and conservation.

Keywords – DIGITAL WATER METER, ESP8266 WIFI Module, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), RTC (Real Time Clock).

[1]. Tavares, Sayonara AC, et al. "Telemetry for Domestic Water Consumption Based on IOT and Open Standards." 2018 Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 and IoT. IEEE, 2018.
[2]. V. Sharath, S. Suhas, B. S. Jain, S. V. Kumar, and C. P. Kumar, ―Smart aqua meter,‖ in Advances in Electronics, Computers and Communications (ICAECC), 2014 International Conference on. IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–5.
[3]. Da Silva, Marcos Frei Campos, and Daniel Patrick Pereira. "System for Measurement and Control of Water Consumption Using Wireless Sensor Network." Computing System Engineering (SBESC), 2011 Brazilian Symposium on. IEEE, 2011.
[4]. Mudumbe, Mduduzi John, and Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz. "Smart water meter system for user-centric consumption measurement." Industrial Informatics (INDIN), 2015 IEEE 13th International Conference on. IEEE, 2015.
[5]. Rathore, M. Mazhar, Awais Ahmad, Anand Paul, and Seungmin Rho. "Urban planning and building smart cities based on the internet of things using big data analytics." Computer Networks 101 (2016): 63-80.

Agriculture sector amounts to 85% of water consumption. Irrigation is an important factor in agriculture which allows the farmer to improve the cultivation in a way the plants need. Techniques like drip irrigation system, sprinkler systems, automated irrigation systems, network based systems which work on automation of irrigation. Efficient system is proposed to minimize the water wastage with the help of renewable energy. In our project the main function is performed by the Arduino Mega 2560 which acts as the controller. Input is given to the microcontroller by measuring the moisture level. Analyzing the data provided, the motor pump is turned ON and turned OFF based on the values. Additionally we measure Fertilizer value, temperature level and humidity level. The plant is monitored through the Adafruit website. Eventually, the details of sensors and motor condition are displayed in the OLED.

Keywords - Arduino Mega 2560, soil moisture sensor, Humidity sensor, NPK sensor, ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module, IOT Modem, DC Motor

[1]. Pushkar Singh, Sanghamitra Saikia, "Arduino-Based Smart Irrigation Using Water Flow Sensor, Soil Moisture Sensor, Temperature Sensor and ESP8266 WiFi Module", IEEE,2017.
[2]. Drashti Divani, Pallavi Patil and Prof. Sunil K. Punjabi, "Automated Plant Watering System", ICCPEIC, IEEE,2016.
[3]. Kriti Taneja, Sanmeet Bhatia," Automatic Irrigation System using Arduino UNO", ICICCS, IEEE, 2017.
[4]. Devika CM, Karthika Bose and Vijayalekshmy," Automatic Plant Irrigation System using Arduino", ICCS, IEEE, 2017.
[5]. Sangamesh Malge, Kalyani Bhole, "Novel low cost remotely operated smart irrigation system", ICIC, IEEE, 2015 .

In recent years, Composite materials have received considerable attention asalternatives to steel and aluminum as structural materials in the construction,automotive, marine and aerospace industries due to a variety of reasons; theseinclude a high strength-to-weight ratio, a high stiffness-to-weight ratio, corrosionand fatigue resistance, ease of handling, and ease of fabrication. Compositematerials have been employed due to their life-cycle cost competitiveness. Thisresearch paper deals with the design and analysis of aircraft structural wing-ribusing composite materials. The optimum design parameters for an aircraftstructural wing-rib are suitably selected based on the classical approach.........

[1]. The Design Of Airplane Wing Ribs- Naca Report No. 345
[2]. By J.A. NewlinAndGeo.W.Trayer – Forest Products Laboratory
[3]. Department Of Defence Handbook – Hdbk17-1f – Polimer Matrix Composites Guidelines For Characterizaton Of Structural Material
[4]. RaminSedaghati, Ph.D, P.Eng. ( Jun 2006 ) "Wing Rib Stress Analysis And DesignOptimization‟
[5]. Bindu ,Muhammad Muhsin Ali, ( Feb 2013 ) "Design And Analysis Of A Typical Wing Rib For Passenger Aircraft‟

These aerofoil bladed radial fans are mainly used in thermal power plants to supply sufficient quantity of air to the furners. In order to attain complete combustion. An analysis was carried out using the default thickness of the impeller of the radial fan, leading to large vibrations and one of the reasons for failure. Many researches have been carried out to reduce the thickness of the impeller part found for the safe stress and strain limits. The value analysis / Engineering results in material reduction, cost reduction with reduced vibrations for the desired design and operating conditions............

Keyword: Optimization, Impeller, Deflection, Stress.

[1]. John F.Abel, Chandra Kant S Desai (1987), "Introduction to the Finite Element Method‟- CBS Publishers and distributors, New Delhi.
[2]. Kalyanmoy Deb (2000), "Optimization for engineering Design‟- Prentice hall of India (p) Ltd, New Delhi.
[3]. Krishnamoorthy C.S. (1994), "Finite Element Analysis‟ -Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company, New Delhi.
[4]. Robert D.Cook, David S. Malkus, Michael E.Plesha (1989), "concepts and applications of finite element analyses-John Wiley& Sons, Singapore.
[5]. Thirupathi R.Chandrapatla, Ashok D.Belegundu (1997), "Introduction to finite elements in Engineering‟- Prentice hall of India (p) Ltd, New Delhi.

In the area of home security, control and protection, vision based home automation systems (HAS) plays a significant role. Increasingly, as they are applied in real world applications, vision recognition systems can't operate in most of the acoustic environment. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a smart home automation with incorporated EEG signal detection to minimize the false rate caused by signal interferences. Generally, EEG signals were decomposed into frequency sub bands using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Then these sub-band frequencies were used as an input to a HAS network with several discrete inputs based on statistical measures and threshold bound abnormal signals were asserted which can drive output voltage regulation unit............

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High speed and always-on network access is becoming common place around the world, creating a demand for increased network security. Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) attempt to detect and prevent attacks from the network using pattern-matching rules in a way similar to anti-virus software. For the low-cost hardware-based intrusion detection systems, this project work proposed a memory-efficient parallel string matching scheme. In order to reduce the number of state transitions, the finite state machine tiles in a string matcher adopt bit-level input symbols. Long target patterns are divided into sub patterns with a fixed length; deterministic finite automata are built with the sub patterns. Using the pattern dividing, the variety of target pattern lengths can be mitigated, so that memory usage.............

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