Proper mining sequence is critical to viable development of an open-pit mine. It determines the volume of cash and the time the cash will begin to flow into the project. Improper mine sequencing can create a scenario of spending heavily now and posting the cash inflow to future time. In this paper, optimum mine sequencing criterion has been suggested. The paper suggests that maximum profit per ton of total materials exploited should be used to determine the optimum position of siting the development box-cut on each bench. The collective positions of these box-cut determine the sequence of mining operation. Based on the positions of the box-cuts defined by the criterion above, geometrical modelling of the pit was done on a cross-section 36 + 50 of National Iron Ore Mining Company Ltd, Itakpe...........

[1]. Arsentiev A.I (1970) Pit Limit and Production Rate Estimation. Nedra Publishers Moscow.
[2]. Arsentiev A.I and Halodnikov G.A (1990) Open Pit Mine Limit Estimation of Complex or Deposit. Quarterly of Department of Surface Mining. St. Petersburg Mining Institute Russia.
[3]. Albor F.R and R. Dimitrakopoulos (2010) Algorithmic Approach to Pushback Design Based on Stochastic Programming: Method, Application and Comparison, Mining Technology. Journal of Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
[4]. Nwosu J.I (1994) Optimum Pit Limit Design and Production Rate Estimation for Complex Ore Deposits. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, St. Petersburg Mining Institute (Technical University) St. Petersburg, Russia.
[5]. A.S Arayo, M. Nehring, E.T Vegh, N.S Miranda (2020) The Impact of Equipment Productivity and Pushbacks Width on The Mine Planning Process. Journal of South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.

The power conversion system (PCS) plays a role in improving the efficiency of green energy generation, power quality and grid protection in energy generation, energy storage and energy conservation. The traditional design from process to mass production needs to constantly change the Design of Experiments (DOE) and then go through thermal cycle testing to verify the reliability for the best design. The process is repetitive and takes time. Thermal cycle test (TCT) is one of the most important verification items in the reliability test of high-reliability power modules, and widely used in the electronic packaging industry.......

Key Word: Power Module; Reliability; Thermal Cycle Test; Artificial Intelligence; Neural Network

[1]. C. Durand, M. Klingler, M. Bigerelle, D. Coutellier,,"Solder fatigue failures in a new designed power module under Power Cycling", Microelectronics Reliability 66 (2016) 122–133.
[2]. H. Chen, S. Guo and H. Liao, "The Solder Life Prediction Model of Power Module under Thermal Cycling Test (TCT)", 2018 13th International Microsystems, Packaging, Assembly and Circuits Technology Conference (IMPACT), 2018, pp.104-107, doi:10.1109/IMPACT.2018.8625778.
[3]. P.H. Chou, H.Y. Hsiao and K.N. Chiang, "Failure Life Prediction of Wafer Level Packaging using DoS with AI Technology", 2019 IEEE 69th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC), 2019, pp.1515-1520, doi:10.1109/ECTC.2019.00233.
[4]. Emeka, H. Amalu, NN Ekere, "Modelling evaluation of Garofalo-Arrhenius creep relation for lead-free solder joints in surface mount electronic component assemblies", Journal of Manufacturing Systems 39 (2016) 9–23.
[5]. A. Schubert, R. Dudek, E. Auerswald, A. Gollbardt, B. Michel, H. Reichl, "Fatigue life models for SnAgCu and SnPb solder joints evaluated by experiments and simulation", Electronic Components and Technology Conference, 2003, pp.603-610.

Uma das principais etapas de uma obra de engenharia é a análise da ocorrência dos materiais a serem utilizados. O planejamento com relação ao consumo de materiais naturais como agregados, beneficiados ou não, pode gerar uma considerável economia no custo final do empreendimento, uma vez que obras civis geralmente causam grande impacto econômico e socioambiental. Os mecanismos de geoprocessamento tornaram-se ferramentas fundamentais para a identificação de possíveis áreas para exploração de recursos naturais, como jazidas de pedras, cascalho, areia, entre outras matérias primas para uso na construção civil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mapear a Microrregião de Cajazeiras, na Paraíba...........

Palavras-chave: Pedologia; Agregados; Jazidas; Geoprocessamento.

[1]. BRANDÃO, R. L. Sistema de Gestão para Informação e Administração Territorial da Região Metropolitana de Fertaleza – Projeto Sinfor. Diagnóstico geoambiental e os principais problemas de ocupação do Meio Físico da RMF. CPRM, Fortaleza. 1995a.
[2]. CÂMARA, G. e C. B. MEDEIROS e M. A. CASA NOVA e A. HEMERLY e G. MAGALHÃES.
Anatomia de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica. Rio de Janeiro. Abr. de 1996. Escola de Computação, SBC. Disponível em:< http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/livro/anatomia.pdf>; Acesso em: Out. de 2020.
[3]. FONSECA JUNIOR, C. A. F. FERREIRA, G. E. Mercado de Agregados no Brasil. XX Jornada de Iniciação Científica - CETEM. 2012.
[4]. NERVIS, L. O. Estudo de revestimento primário para utilização em estradas vicinais da região de Santana do Livramento-RS. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geotecnia Departamento de Engenharia Civil): Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 2010.
[5]. Novo, E. M. L. M. Sensoriamento Remoto. Curso de Especialização em Geoprocessamento. UFRJ, IGEO, Dep. Geografia, LAGEOP, Rio de Janeiro, 1999, Volume 2, (Meio Digital).

Now a day the robotic systems towards being autonomous surveillance the need for more smart robots have become very essential. To identify and track the real time object is important. The application of object detection and tracking is in farming, military, civil, security and for commercial use especially for surveillance purpose. One of the aspect of tracking an object from its visuals has been taken up in this project. In this project robots can detect the object and rotate as left and right position and then move forward and backwards depends upon the object movement............

Keywords: Raspberry Pi , Camera Module , Raspbian OS , Python

[1]. ''Object Tracking Robot by Using Raspberry PI with open Computer Vision (CV)'' M. Karthikeyan, M.Kudalingam, P.Natrajan, K.Palaniappan and A.MadhanPrabhu.
[2]. ''Vision Based Object Detection And Tracking Using Multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle '' Sarthak Kaingade, Vikrant More, Dhiraj Dhule, Pradeep Gaidhani, Nitin Gupta.
[3]. "Implementation of Line Tracking Algorithm using Raspberry Pi ''Conference Paper December 2014 Samreen Amir, Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry. Global Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies.
[4]. "Line follower and obstacle avoidance bot using arduino" has been designed and developed by Aamir attar, Aadilansari, Abhishekdesai, Shahid khan, Dipashrisonawale.
[5]. "Obstacle-avoiding robot with IR and PIR motion sensors" R Ismail1, Z Omar1 and S Suaibun2 IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 152, AEROTECH VI
[6]. A. Leigh, J. Pineau, N. Olmedo, and H. Zhang, "Person Tracking and Following with 2D Laser Scanners", Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2015 IEEE International Conference, 2630 May 2015

A Digital watermarking is a technique used for the information of the images that provides security for the confidentiality. The repetitions of the multimedia objects (i.e. audio, video, text, etc.) have been protected by some of the developed digital watermarking techniques. Digital Watermarking is the procedure of concealing messages in virtual contents with a view to affirm the rightful proprietor of the copyright protection. We have proposed a method that might assist its users to embed a watermark to the quilt photograph primarily based on an adaptive method in a miles robust way even as maintaining the quality of the cover image. The implementation of this algorithm is based on cascading DWT and PCA............

Keywords: Digital watermarking, DWT-PCA, PSNR, Image denoising, convolutional neural network, DnCNN.

[1] R S Kavitha , U Eranna , and M N Giriprasad "DCT-DWT Based Digital Watermarking and Extraction using Neural Networks" , 2020 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing (AISP)
[2] Purnima Pal, Harsh Vikram Singh, Sarvesh Kumar Verma "Study on Watermarking Techniques in Digital Images", Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI 2018)
[3] Prof. R. D. Salagar1 , Miss. Akshata S. Kamatagi "Image Watermarking Based On DWT, DCT and SVD Technique", International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science Volume 4 Issue 6 June 2015
[4] Yuqi He , Yan Hu "A Proposed Digital Image Watermarking Based on DWT-DCT-SVD",2018 2nd IEEE Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference(IMCEC 2018)
[5] Ahmed A Mohammed1, Bilal A Jebur1 and Karam M Younus "Hybrid DCT-SVD Based Digital Watermarking Scheme with Chaotic Encryption for Medical Images", International Ninevah Conference on Engineering and Technology (INCET 2021)