Manufacturing of Pressure Valve Plate is considered as complex process that demands the knowledge of different areas, such as geometry, tolerances, dimensions, manufacturing procedures and manufacturing processes. Lean manufacturing avoids both setup time and setup cost of in manufacturing. Milling fixtures must be sturdy, with relatively large locating and supporting areas and strong clamp. Work piece deformation is unavoidable due to its elastic/plastic nature, and the external forces impacted by the clamping actuation and machining operations. Deformation has to be limited to an acceptable magnitude in order to achieve the tolerance specifications. Accuracy of components like pressure valve plate is extremely essential. The analysis is carried out on fixture and pressure valve plate assembly. Pressure Valve plate fits on to hydraulic pump which is used to drive the engine load of defence vehicle. To study the fixture analysis and contact stress effect, fixture and valve plate are modelled and assembled for the analysis to be carried out.

 

Keywords: - Fixtures, Lean Manufacturing, Locators, Pressure Valve Plate, Setup time

[1] "The five steps of fixture design", by Ray Okolischan, Cutting tool Engg, Aug 1996

[2] "Design of machine tools" by S.K Basu and D K. Pal

[3] "A Descriptive Summary of Vickers Inline Pumps and their Applications"

[4] "Fundamentals of Machining and Machine tools" by R.K Singal, Mridul Singal and Rishisingal Aug 2000

[5] http://www. Eaton hyd aerospace/valve plate/summary.pdf

The predictions of the features of high temperature systems (furnaces and/or boilers) are very important because they help and enable better decisions to be made about their effective operation; these predictions are made for an Iraqi Power Plant using the CFD FLUENT package. Temperature levels predicted are close to those measured (2215.5K predicted; 2152 K measured practically inside the furnace). In addition the velocity vectors are predicted with values commensurate with those produced by others as discussed in a literature review. NOx levels are subsequently studied in the context of using recirculated flue gases for emissions control

[1] Jones W.P , PhD Thesis, Imperial College London University, UK, 1971.

[2] Gupta.A.K., Lilley D.G, Syerd N., "Swirl Flows", first edition Abacus press, UK, 1984

[3] Technoprom Company instruction Manual for Nassiriya power plant, 1979.

[4] Beer J.M. and Chigier N.A., "Combustion Aerodynamics", Applied Science, London, UK, 1972.

[5] Syred N. and Beer J.M., "Combustion on swirling flows: A review ", Combustion and Flame, vol. 23, pp.143-201, 1974.

In this paper an optimal control problem for a hyperbolic equation with a phase restriction is considered. The existence and the uniqueness of the solution of the problem are given. Using the penalty function method and introducing a conjugate problem, an expression of the gradient of the modified functional of the stated problem is found and the optimality condition is established.

 

Keywords: - Optimal control PDEs, Existence and Uniqueness theorem, Exterior penalty function, Hyperbolic Equations, Distributed parameter systems.

[1] J.-L Lions, Optimal control by systems described by partial differential equations (Mir, Moscow, SSSR, 1972).
[2] H. F. Guliyev and K. SH. Jabarova, On an optimal control problem for weakly nonlinear hyperbolic equations, Acta Math. Hungar, 12(5) , 2011, 24-34.
[3] S. Yesim and S. Murat, On the regularized Solutions of optimal control problem in a hyperbolic system, Abstract and Applied Analysis, Article ID 156541, 2012, 1-12.
[4] Z.S. Wu, K.L. Teo, A conditional gradient method for an optimal control problem involving a class of nonlinear second-order hyperbolic partial differential equations, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, (91) 2, 1983 , 376-393.
[5] F. Periago, Optimal shape and position of the support for the internal exact control of a string, Systems and Control Letters, 58(2), 2009, 136–140.

This article presents a case study of corrosion of a ship hull that began after continuous failure of the impressed current cathodic protection system. The purpose of this article is not to question or criticise the design, installation, maintenance, or operation of the cathodic protection system, but only to show through the inspection carried out that the main aspects of the corrosive process that occurred when it was anchored for more than six months. In order to leave the ship in normal operating conditions, repairs were conducted that consisted of cleaning with pressurised water blasting, welding repair of corroded plates, paint application, and installation of zinc anodes in cathodic protection replacement.

 

Keywords: - Cathodic protection, corrosion, failure, ship hull, zinc anode

[1] P. R. Roberge, Handbook of corrosion engineering. Vol. 1128. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.
[2] P. A. Schweitzer, Corrosion and corrosion protection handbook. Vol. 1. CRC Press, 2010.
[3] W. von Baeckmann, W. Schwenk and W. Prinz, Handbook of Cathodic Corrosion Protection. Access online via Elsevier, 1997.
[4] M. E. Parker and E. G. Peattie, Pipeline Corrosion and Cathodic Protection, third Edition, Houston, TX: (GPF) Gulf Professional Publishing, 1997.
[5] P. A. Schweitzer, Fundamentals of Corrosion: Mechanisms, Causes, and Preventative Methods, New York: CRC Press, 2010.

The work described in this paper is aimed towards conducting a thorough and in-depth field based study on the groundwater development and water quality variation in the district of Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India. 20 nos. locations were selected along the coastal belt of the study area to investigate the groundwater quality. Based on the field test results,contour line were plotted for Chloride concentration. The 3-Dimensional views of piezometric surface pre monsoon [ 2006 ], pre-monsoon and post-monsoon average piezometric surfaces [2004] had also been developed. The subsurface characterization and the groundwater quality analysis were thereafter utilized to obtain the probable path of saline water ingress into the aquifers of the study area. Owing to heterogeneity of the aquifer in the selected locations, the spatial irregularity in salinity was observed to be significant. The present study was carried out to understand the quality of ground water and delineate the subsurface formations in an area of Purba Midnapur district. The physico chemical studies involve pH value, hydraulic conductivity, total hardness, anions (HCO, Cl, CO) and Fe.

[1] Andrade, J.S., Costa, U.M.S., Almeida, H.A. and Stanley, H.E. (1999) ―Inertia Effects on Fluid through Disordered Porous Media", Journal of Physical Review Letters, Vol. 82, pp. 5249-5252.
[2] Bhattacharya A.K. (2002) ―Saline water Intrusion into Coastal Aquifers of West Bengal, India‖, International Conference on Low Lying Coastal Areas Hydrology and Coastal Zone Management, Bremerhaven, Federal Republic of Germany, pp. 197-200.
[3] Barlow, M. (2003) ―Freshwater-Saline Water Environments of the Atlantic Coast‖, U.S. Geological Survey Report (USGS), (http://www.pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2003/circ1262).
[4] Bhattacharya, A.K., Basack, S., and Maity, P. (2004) "Groundwater Extraction in the United Arab Emirates Under the Constraint of Saline Water Intrusion‖ the Journal of Environmental Hydrology, Vol. 12, Paper 6, No.6, April, 2004. pages 1-5.
[5] Basack, S., Bhattacharya, A.K., Sahana, C., and Maity, P. (2010). ―A Study on Saline Water Intrusion and Fresh Water Recharge relevant to Coastal Environment‖, WSEAS Transaction on Fluids Mechanics ( ISSN: 1790-5087 ) Including in ISI/SSI Web of Science and Web of Knowledge, issue 3, Volume 5, July 2010 , pages 80-90,[ www.wseas.org ].

In this paper, we suggest a new system and effective method for hiding an information in an image by detecting features of the regions of the cover image depending on applying fractal technique on the cover image and then choose the regions that will be hiding within it by using an algorithm determines regions that are fractal in which will be hiding, the fractal technique can be used to hide maximum amount of data in an image without degrading its quality and to make the hidden data robust enough to withstand image processing which do not change the appearance of image.

 

Keywords: - Steganography, Digital watermarking, Information Hiding, Information Security, Data Hiding, Cover image, Stego image, Fractal, PIFS, Quadtree, Range, Domain.

[1] Safaa Zaman, Distributed Intrusion Detection System (Waterloo University, Canada, 2009).
[2] Adel Almohammad, Steganography-Based Secret and Reliable Communications: Improving Stenographic Capacity and Imperceptibility (Brunel University, 2010).
[3] Vidyabharati Mahavidyalaya, Advances in Computational Research (Amravati University, Amravati MS, India, 2011).
[4] Suman Goyat, A Novel Technique Used For Image Steganography Based On Frequency Domain, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 2012.
[5] Dr.D.Vasumathi, M.Surya Prakash Rao, M.Upendra Kumar, Dr.Y.Ramadevi, and Dr.R.Rajeswara Rao, Novel Approach for Color Extended Visual Cryptography Using Error Diffusion, International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology, 2012.