Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Landslide Warning System Using Zigbee And GPS
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Y.SrinivasK. ||, Raghava Rao
Page No.	::	01-06
	::	10.9790/3021-04740106
	::	0.4/3021-04740106
		3021-0407-0406

In this project we are going to study about Landslide warning system, as the occurrence of landslides is a big loss for human life and property. We can't stop the natural causes but we can be alert before they occur. So for alerting people from landslides we use this technique. In this design we have used three sensors of Angle sensor which gives the readings of slope angle if there is any movement in landslide and we have Liquid level sensor it collects the depth of water at the mountains. Temperature sensor gives the changes in the temperature. These all nodes of sensors are connected to the LPC 2148 ARM processor for collection of data. As the data is collected then GPS gives latitude and longitude and all the readings are given to zigbee for transmission. As we obtain the information at the receiver side by LCD display at receiver station or by SMS we can alert the people and save lives and property. Thus this project is very important as we use it in our real time purpose for saving lives and property. This design combines of GSM wireless communication technology and Wireless Sensor Network.

[1] Charles M. Hammond, P.G., C.E.G, L.H.G, "Geology in Landslide Engineering", North American Landslides Conference presentations held at Vail, Colorado, June 3-8, 2007.
[2] Su Baishun, Pang Zhengduo, MengGuoying "Design of the mine gas sensor based on Zigbee", Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Computer Science and Computational Technology(ISCSCT '10) Jiaozuo, P. R. China, 14-15,August 2010.
[3] Vern Singhroy, Hiroshi Ohkura, Nancy Glenn, "Earth Observation for Landslide Assessment", 2002, IEEE.
[4] AbishekThekkeyilKunnath, Maneesha V. Ramesh, "Integrating Geophone Network to Real-Time Wireless Sensor Network System for Landslide Detection", 2010 First International Conference on Sensor Device Technologies and Applications
[5] C. Tarantino, P. Blonda, G. Pasquariello, "Application of change detection techniques for monitoring man-induced landslide causal factors", 2004, IEEE.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Finite Element Analysis of Epoxy (Ly-556) Glass Fiber Filled Aluminium Circular Section Hollow Column
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Dr.M.AnandaRao ||, Dr.K.Vijay Kumar Reddy ||, T.Seshaiah
Page No.	::	07-12
	::	10.9790/3021-04740712
	::	0.4/3021-04740712
		3021-0407-0412

Composite materials are materials made from two or more constituent materials. It consists of a continuous phase called matrix, and a discontinuous phase called reinforcing material. Both matrix and reinforcing materials have significantly different physical or chemical properties, that when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual materials. Fiber composites materials offer a combination of strength and elasticity that are better than conventional metallic materials. The anisotropic nature of a FR composite material creates a unique opportunity of tailoring its properties according to the design requirements. The idea of filling the particulate polymer composite material in an aluminum tube is taken from a research paper presented at 14th International conference on computing in civil and building engineering in Moscow, Russia (27-29 June 2012) by Feng Zhou and Ben Young, in which they filled the Al tube with concrete and conducted finite elemental analysis. The composites used in the project is epoxy-glass fiber sample is taken in a hollow Al tube and tested for crushing load. These sample is then modeled by ANSYS. Unlike conventional materials, the properties of the composite materials can be designed considering the structural aspects. The composites have a key role to play in the fast growing markets like automobiles, marine, applications like propeller vanes, fans, blowers, gear cases and valves. Stiffness of the test specimens largely depend on particle loading, the combination of these composite materials can be used in frames of buses, cars, and in shipbuilding industries, as vertical columns and in many other fields.

[1] Mikata, Y and Jaya, M.,'' Stress field in a coated continuous FC subjected to thermal loads", J.composite materials, Vol.19, p.554, 1985.
[2] Gradin, P.A.,"Inter-laminar fracture of composite materials",J.composite materials, Vol.15, p.386, 1982.
[3] Chen,J.K.,Sun,C.T.,and Chang,C.I.,"Failure analysis of a graphite laminate subjected to combined thermal and mechanical loading",J.composite materials,Vol.19,p.408,1985.
[4] Ketan,R.P.andChang,D.C.,"Surface damage in composites due to impact load"J.composite materials,Vol.17,p.182,1983.
[5] Joshi, S.P.and Sun, C.T.,"impact induced fracture of composites",J.composite materials, Vol.19, p.51, 1985.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	A Hybrid Approach To Detect And Recognize Text In Images
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Miss.Poonam B. Kadam ||, Prof. Latika R. Desai
Page No.	::	13-19
	::	10.9790/3021-04741319
	::	0.4/3021-04741319
		3021-0407-0419

Text detection and recognition in images is a research area which attempts to develop a computer system with the ability to automatically read text from images or videos. This problem is challenging due to the complex background and large variations of these components features like color, size, shape, orientation or texture. Here new proposed framework is explored which can automatically detect and recognize aligned text from urban scene images e.g.shop name,landmark,street.The proposed framework evaluated on new generated dataset.It consist of a three main step 1) image partition perform to segment text based on color information.2) character grouping to detect text character in every text string depend on character size differences, distance between neighboring characters.3) the detected text recognition using neural network. This proposed method efficiently and accurately detects and recognizes the text with a low false positive.

 

Keywords: - Text detection, preprocessing, segmentation, character recognition

[1] C. Yi and Y. Tian,Text string detection from natural scenes by structure-based partition and grouping, vol. 19, no. 12,2011.
[2] Chen and A. L. Yuille,Detecting and reading text in natural scenes in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 2004, pp. 366.
[3] N. Zhong,B. Epshtein, E. Ofek, and Y. Wexler, Detecting text in nature scenes with stroke width transform, in Proc.IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 2010, pp. 2963.
[4] K. C. Jung, K. I. Kim, and A. K. Jain,Text information extraction in images and video: A survey, Pattern Recognit., vol. 5, pp. 977.May 2004.
[5] Datong Chen, Jean-Marc Odobez,Herve Bourlard,Text detection and recognition in images and video frames Pattern Recognition, vol.37 ,2004,pp 595.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Calculation of Excess Viscosities of Some Liquid Mixtures At 308 K Without Using The Theoritical Viscosity Values Of The Liquid Mixtures
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Dikko A. B. ||, Ahmed, A. D. ||, Pascal T.
Page No.	::	20-23
	::	10.9790/3021-04742023
	::	0.4/3021-04742023
		3021-0407-0423

The excess viscosity of liquids could only be calculated when the experimental and theoretical viscosity values were known. This paper explored the possibility of a method on how the excess viscosity of a liquid can be determined without the knowledge of its theoretical value. A capillary viscometer was used to get the experimental viscosities of distilled water, ethanol-water mixtures and methanol-water mixtures at 308 K. The excess viscosities of some alcohol-water mixtures were then calculated using the modified Sunny Goh logarithmic viscosity equation.

De D. K. and Dikko A. B., (2012), An innovative technique of liquid purity analysis and its application to analysis of water concentration in alcohol-water mixtures and studies on change of activation energies of the mixtures, Applied Physics Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education.Vol.4 No.4 pp. 98 -114
[2] Dikko A. B., (2014), Studies on the effects of solute concentration and temperature on certain physical properties of liquids for applications and analysis of liquid mixtures, PhD Thesis Presented to the Department of Physics, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola.
[3] Hulya, Y. (2000), Excess Properties of Alcohol - Water Systems at 298.15 K. Turk J Phys 26 , pp 243 = 246.
[4] Irving, J.B., (1977) "Viscosity of Binary Liquid Mixtures: The Effectiveness of Mixture Eq.s," National Engineering Laboratory Report, No. 630, East Kilbride, Glasgow, Scotland.
[5] Raza A. and Abbas M. (2009) Effect of Temperature and Solvent Composition on the Intrinsic Viscosity of Polyethyleneglycol in Water–Ethanol Mixture, American chemical society.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Coexistence of Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism in Intermetallic Uranium-Based Superconductors UCoGe, UIr and UGe2
Country	::	Ethiopia
Authors	::	Haftu Brhane
Page No.	::	24-32
	::	10.9790/3021-04742432
	::	0.4/3021-04742432
		3021-0407-0432

Starting with a model Hamiltonian for the system with equal spin singlet and triplet pairings based on quantum field theory and green function formalism, we obtain expressions for superconductivity and ferromagnetism parameters. The model exhibits a distinct possibility of the coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism, which are two usually irreconcilable cooperative phenomena, however, recently ferromagnetism and superconductivity have been shown to coexist simultaneously in the newly discovered compounds such as UCoGe, UIr and UGe2 .The work is motivated by the recent experimental evidences below the superconducting phase temperature in a number of uranium-based superconductors. The theoretical results are then applied to show the coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in the intermetallic uranium-based compound UCoGe, UIr and UGe2. The limitations of the model are also discussed.

 

Keywords: · BCS Hamiltonian, green function formalism, Order parameters, Spin singlet and triplet state, Superconducting and ferromagnetic

[1] S.S. Saxena., et al.: Nature 406, 2000, 587.
[2] S.K. Sinha, , G.W. Crabtree, D.G. Hinks, H.A. Mook and O.A. Pringle, Neutron scattering studies of magnetic superconductors. J.Magn and Magn.mater, 1983, 31-34 part, 2: 489.
[3] J.W. Lynn, A. Raggazoni, R. Pynn and J. Joffrin, Observation of long range magnetic order in the reentrant superconductor HoMo6S8. J.Physique Lett, 1981, 42: L- 45-L-49.
[4] J.L. Genicon, , J.P. Modon Danon., R.Tournier, O. Peña, R. Horyn, and M. Sergent, Percolation, 1984.

[5] N.T. Huy, A. Gasparini, D.E. de Nijs, Y. Huang, J.C.P. Klaasse, T. Gortenmulder, A. de Visser, A. Hamann, T. Görlach and H. v. Löhneysen, Phys. Rev. Lett, 99, 2007,067006.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Optimization of Corynebacterium glutamicum immobilization process on bacterial cellulose carrier and its application for lysine fermentation
Country	::	Vietnam
Authors	::	Tran Thi Minh Tam ||, Nguyen Thuy Huong
Page No.	::	33-38
	::	10.9790/3021-04743338
	::	0.4/3021-04743338
		3021-0407-0438

Bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a modern carrier in immobilization of cell. The immobilization of Corynebacterium glutamicum using bacterial cellulose (BC) as a carrier was carried out in two steps: adsorption and incubation. The screening method Plackett-Burman Design was used to identify the significantly influenced factors and the experiments were designed by Response Surface Methodology having the Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD). The obtained immobilization parameters were the cell density of 6.6 billion clone form units per milliliter, the weight of BC of 10g/100mL, the adsorption time of 6.82 hours with the shaking speed of 150 rpm and immobilized cell was incubated at 300C for 3 days. The optimal efficiency of this immobilization reached 72.4% and the average density of cell on BC carrier was achieved 47.7 ± 0.02 billion clone form units per gram of finished product. These were fermented to receive L-lysine, the number reusing times of immobilized cell was eight, and the lysine field was 95% in the eighth time of reusing immobilized cell for fermentation with 26.032 ± 0.023 g/L and volumetric productivity was achieved 0.618 ± 0.100 g/(L.h). Furthermore, this immobile product was maintained under the suitable condition in the sterile water, pH = 7. After storing at 40C for 30 days, the percentage of cell survival was 80%.

 

Keywords: - bacterial cellulose, cell immobilization, Corynebacterium glutamicum, L-lysine, Plackett-Burman matrix, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) - Central Composite Design (CCD)

[1] Eggeling, L. and M. Bott, Handbook of Corynebacterium glutamicum. 2010: CRC press.
[2] Judith Becker, C.K., Hartwig Schroder, Christoph Wittmann, Metabolic Engineering of the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle for Improved Lysine Production by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2009. 75(24): p. 7866-7869.
[3] Le Van Viet Man, T.N.M.N., Optimization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilization in bacterial cellulose by "adsorption - incubation" method. International Food Research Journal, 2009. 16(1): p. 56-64.
[4] Velizarov, S.G., Rainina, E. I., Sinitsyn, A. P., Varfolomeev, S. D., and V.I.a.Z. Lozinsky, A. L. , Production of L-lysine by free and PVA-cryogel immobilized Corynebacterium glutamicum cells. Biotechnology advances, 1992. 14: p. 291-296.
[5] Rao, B., C.V. Murthy, and A. Swamy, Studies on Continuous Reactor Kinetics of L-Lysine by Immobilized Corynebacterium glutamicum Cells. IUP Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2011. 3(2): p. 7 -16.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Vehicle Detection and Tracking Using Inter-Frame Coding
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Vaishali Kalaria
Page No.	::	39-43
	::	10.9790/3021-04743943
	::	0.4/3021-04743943
		3021-0407-0443

The moving vehicles detection and tracking is a necessity for collision-free navigation. Motion-based detection is challenging due to low signal to noise ratio in natural unstructured environments. This paper aims at real-time analysis to detect and track objects ahead for safety, motion detection, and target tracing. This paper describes of variation in distances between the camera and the objects in different parts of the scene (object depth) in surveillance videos. 'Vicinity Factor', is robust to noise and object segmentation. It can applied to estimate spatial thresholds and object size in different parts of the scene. A comprehensive approach to localizing target Objects in video under various conditions. I have investigated videos of day and night on different types of conditions showing that my approach is robust and effective in dealing with changes in environment and illumination and that real-time processing becomes possible.

 

Keywords: - Target Tracking, Object depth, spatial threshold.

[1] Luigi Di Stefano, Enrico Viarani,"Vehicle Detection and Tracking Using the Block Matching Algorithm",in IEEE- 2013
[2] M. Betke and H. Nguyen, ―Highway scene analysis from a moving vehicle under deduced visibility conditions,‖ in Proc. IEEE Intell. Vehicle, 2012, pp. 131–136. [3] J. Chu, L. Ji, L. Guo, B. Li, and R. Wang, ―Study on method of detecting preceding vehicle based on monocular camera,‖ in Proc. IEEE Intellectual. Vehicle, 2012, pp. 750–755. [4] D. Alonso, L. Salgado, and M. Nieto, ―Robust vehicle detection through multidimensional classification for on board video based systems,‖ in Proc. IEEE ICIP, Sep. 2011, vol. 4, pp. 321–324.
[3] P. Parodi and G. Piccioli, ―A feature-based recognition scheme for traffic scenes,‖ in Proc. IEEE Intellectual. Vehicle, 2010, pp. 229–234.
[4] L. Gao, C. Li, T. Fang, and Z. Xiong, ―Vehicle detection based on color and edge information,‖ in Proc. Image Anal. Recognition. vol. 5112, Lect. Notes Computer Science, 2010, pp. 142– 150.

[5] C. R. Wang and J.-J. Lien, ―Automatic vehicle detection using local features—A statistical approach,‖ IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 83–96, Mar. 2010.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Evaluation of Physiochemical characteristics of disposed Rubber industry effluent: A Case study of Bodhjungnagar Industrial Growth Centre
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Amarendra Jamatia ||, Sukanta Chakraborty ||, Debabrata Das ||, Sabbir Kumar Jamatia ||, Dr. Srimanta Ray ||, Dr. Mihir Kr. Das
Page No.	::	44-50
	::	10.9790/3021-04744450
	::	0.4/3021-04744450
		3021-0407-0450

The suitable agro-climate conditions are making the Tripura State into second largest rubber producer in country, India. Rapid growth of rubber production and rubber based industries has resulted rapid economy growth of the State. Despite the derived economy benefit, the rubber based industry generates large quantities of effluents during the various stages of processing. The production process of commercial rubber products causes serious water pollution problems. Massive disposal of effluents in to inland water surface often causes damage to the precious water resources. Surface water resources are the greatest victims due to effluent of rubber processing industries. The present study is aimed to quantify the trend of deterioration of water quality within the study area and its resulting impacts on the surface water resources due to inland disposal of effluent from the rubber based industries of Bodhjungnagar Industrial Growth Centre. Major causes of deterioration of water quality are due to high BOD load, high concentration of suspended solid and nitrogen content. Different extents of acid usage in various sections of rubber processing industries are also responsible for pH variation and causing acidic effluent. Such a study is an attempt to redress the water pollution problem in the Bodhjungnagar Industrial Growth Centre.

 

Keywords: - Bodhjungnagar Industrial Growth Centre, Effluent, Rubber Industry, Water Pollution.

[1] P.A.J. Yapa, "Effluent disposal and environmental pollution in rubber plantations in Sri Lanka", Proceedings of the international rubber conference "75 years of rubber in Sri Lanka, Colombo, September, 1984, 381-390.

[2] B. Goldar, S. Misra, and B. Mukherji, "Water pollution abatement cost function: methodological issues and an application to small-scale factories in an industrial estate in India", Environment and Development Economics, 6, 2001, 103-122.

[3] S. Samuel and S.M Muthukkaruppan, "Physico-Chemical Analysis of Sugar Mill Effluent, Contaminated Soil and its Effect on Seed Germination of Paddy (Oryza sativa L.)", International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives, 2(5), 2011, 1469-1472.

[4] B. Goldar and R. Pandey, "Water pricing and abatement of industrial water pollution: study of distilleries in India" Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, 4, 2001, 95-113

[5] S. Dasgupta, M. Huq, D. Wheeler and C. Zhang , "Water pollution abatement by Chinese industry: Cost estimates and policy implications" Applied Economics, 33(4), 1996, 547-557.