Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation of Dongying Group in Liuchu area
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Wang Wei
Page No.	::	01-04

In order to satisfy the further exploration work of Liuchu area, we discuss main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation of this field. We use the method of combination of hydrocarbon distributions and accumulation conditions to study the hydrocarbon accumulation, distribution pattern and the main factors of Liuchu area. The results show hydrocarbon accumulation is controlled mainly by oil source faults, the sealing of the caprock and the reservoir property. According to the distribution of water and hydrocarbon, this field is source accumulation-forming model. First, hydrocarbon is vertical migration through source faults, and is lateral flow in condition that the sealing ability of caprock is good, and the hydrocarbon will migrate a short distance in the sand body of reservoir and accumulate. This conclusion provides a theoretical basis for further exploration in Liuchu area.

 

Keywords: oil source fracture, caprock, fault concentrated belt, main factors controlling.

[1] Fu Guang, Wang Yougong, Yuan Dawei. Source faults of F, Y oil layer in Sanzhao and its control to oil accumulation[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010, 31(5): 762-766.

[2] Fu Guang, Wang Yougong. Migration horizons downward of oil from K1qn source rock of F, Y Oil layer in Sanzhao depression and its significance[J]. Acta Sedmentologica Sinica, 2008, 26(2): 355-360.

[3] Fu Guang, Guo Junsi. The favorable conditions for oil accumulation of K1n1 in main depression zones of central Haita basin[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technlogy: Natural Science, 2012, 31(4): 1-9.

[4] Shi Lizhi, Wu Heyong, Lin Tiefeng, et al. Gharacteristics of hydrocarbon migration in Fuyang oil layer in Daqing Placanticline and its western area in Songliao Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010, 31(5): 762-766.

[5] Zhang Shanwen, Wang Yongshi, Shi Dishi, et al. Meshwork-carpet type oil and gas pool-forming system: Taking Negene of Jiyang depression as an example[J]. Pertoleum Exploration and Development, 2003(2): 1-10.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Research on the micro phase characteristics of the Eryuan experimental area in the western area of the development zone of SA
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Liu Jiyu ||, Luo Rui
Page No.	::	05-08

According to drilling and logging data, on the basis of geology facies, logging facies analysis, using the high resolution sequence stratigraphy, sedimentology theory, through the high resolution sequence stratigraphy fine contrast, establish high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework in the study area, according to the geological characteristics of Sazhong development area, determined the study area Putaohua reservoir microfacies types of distributary plain sub facies, flood plain meandering river facies, flood plain braided river facies and delta front subfacies. Based on the fine division and correlation of the Putaohua oil layer and the research of the single sand body, a detailed sedimentary facies study was carried out in the western area of the development zone of Sazhong, the development phase is determined, established the logging facies models of various microfacies, logging facies model of sedimentary facies of the study area division, drawing the sedimentary microfacies map.

 

Keywords: - Oil layer division and correlation; Sedimentary cycle; Sedimentary microfacies; Songliao Basin; Sazhong development zone

[1] Xiao M Z. Sequence stratigraphy [M]. China university of petroleum press, 2006.6-8.
[2] Wu Y Y, Wu S and Cai Z Q. Oil geology [M]. Petroleum industry press, 2005:134-152.
[3] Li S K, Dai J X. Chaoyanggou in fuyu oilfield reservoir sedimentary microfacies study [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia, petrochemical industry, 2010 (10) : 164-165.
[4] Zhao C L, Zhu X M. Sedimentary petrology [M]. Beijing: petroleum industry press, 2001:268-280.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Theory of Extentional Fault-Related Folds and its Applications in Geology
Country	::	China
Authors	::	Liu Yanxue ||, Ding Xiaomei ||, Li Zitong
Page No.	::	09-12

The theory of extensional fault-related folds has come into sight for a long time, having established relatively systematic achievement, and geologists have already realized that it has close relationship with the distribution of hydrocarbon. This paper briefly documents the types of folds associate with extensional fault and the application of extentional fault-related folds theory in geology. Extensional folds are divided into three principal types including longitudinal, transverse and oblique folds. Additional, geologists regard folds which are combained with more than one mechanisms as compound folds. Futher more, we can construct the normal fault geometry and predict the distribution of hydrocarbon using the theory of extensional fault-related folds.

 

Key words:- normal fault, extensional fault-related fold, application

[1] Hamblin W K. Origin of "reverse drag" on the down thrown side of normal faults[J]. Geological Society of America Buletin, 1965, 76 (10): 1145-1164.
[2] Schlische R.W. Geometry and origin of fault-related folds in extensional settings [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1995, 79(11): 1661- 1678.
[3] Janecke S.U.,Vanderburg C.J., Blankenau J.J. Geometry,mechanism, and significance of extensional folds from examples in the Rocky Mountain Basin and Range province, U.S.A. [J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1998, 20(7) : 841- 856.
[4] Xinwen Wang. Extensional folding and its significance for oil-gas exploration. [J]. Journal of Geoscience, 2008, 22(1): 60-69.
[5] Dula, W. F. Geometric models of listric normal faults and rollover folds[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 1991, 75:1609-1625.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Exergy Analysis of Compression Ignition Engine Using Biodiesel Blend : Effect of Compression Ratio and Injection Pressure
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Sagar G Chaudhari ||, Maulik A Modi ||, Tushar M Patel ||, Gaurav P Rathod
Page No.	::	13-19

The Considering the many advantages of second law of thermodynamics over first law, this research includes the exergy analysis of single cylinder, 4-stroke, water cooled, variable compression ratio(VCR) engine running with jatropha biodiesel blend(B20). Exergy analysis includes finding of various availability such as input availability, brake power availability, cooling water availability and exhaust gas availability. From exergy analysis component of major exergy destruction can be found out. In this research energy analysis was carried out for B10 to B50 jatropha biodiesel blends. B20 biodiesel blend gave better performance among all blend hence exergy analysis is carried out for this blend to check the effect of compression ratio (CR) and injection pressure (IP) on the exergy efficiency. All possible combination of compression ratio (16,17,18) and injection pressure(180 and 200 bar) were set on the engine. It was found that engine gives higher exergy efficiency at combination CR 16 and IP 180 bar at low and medium load and highest value was found at CR 17 and IP 180 bar at higher load condition which was 34.27%. Also it was noticed that exhaust gas contains higher availability than cooling water. Unaccounted exergy includes exergy destruction due to combustion process, due to friction and due to finite temperature gradient which accounts approximately 60% of exergy input.

 

Keywords: - Biodiesel, Compression Ignition Engine, Energy Analysis, Exergy Analysis

[1]. Tat M, Cetane number effect on the energetic and exergetic efficiency of a diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel, 92(2011)1311-21
[2]. Fu J, Liu J, Feng R, Yang Y, Wang L, Wang Y. Energy and exergy analysis on gasoline engine based on mapping characteristics experiment, 102(2013) 622-30.
[3]. Sekmen P, Yilbasi Z. Application of energy and exergy analysis to a ci engine using biodiesel fuel, vol 16(4) (2011): 797-808
[4]. Jibanananda Jena, Rahul Dev Misra. Effect of fuel oxygen on the energetic and exergetic efficiency of a compression ignition engine fuelled separately with palm and karanja biodiesels, 60( 2014) 411-19
[5]. Lopez I, Quintana C, Ruiz J, Peragon F, Dorado M. Effect of use of olive-pomace oil biodiesel/ diesel fuel blends in a compression ignition engine: Preliminary exergy analysis, 85(2014) 227-33

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Experimental study and mathematical model to follow the hydrophilic property changes as result of stone wash treatment
Country	::	Tunisia
Authors	::	Sabri HALAOUA ||, Mohamed HAMDAOUI ||, and Sadok ROUDESLI
Page No.	::	20-26

the technique based on contact angle measurements has been used to study, evaluate and follow the wetting property of denim fabric surface before and after stone washing treatment. Then, a mathematical model is proposed that describes the hydrophilicity of treated denim fabric as function of time. This mathematical equation is used to interpret the experimental data in terms of kinetic parameters of the water drop spreading. Results show that the theoretical model predictions are in reasonable agreement with experimental data with higher average determination coefficients. It's also observed that the drop spreading process of water could be divided into two steps, viz rapid and slow processes.

 

Keywords: - Denim fabric; stone washing treatment, mathematical model, wetting property

[1]. Angé Mickeviciené, Daiva Mikucioniené, Rasa Treigiené. The influence of antimicrobial treatment on air permeability and water absorption of knits. Materials Science. 21 (1), 2015, 62-67.
[2]. Tomšič, B., et al. Sol-Gel Coatings of Cellulose Fibers with Antimicrobial and Repellent Properties Journal of Sol-Gel Science Technology 47, 2008, 44 – 57.
[3]. Xing, Y., Yang, X., Dai, J. Antimicrobial Finishing of Cotton Textile Based on Water Glass by Sol-Gel Method, Journal of Sol-Gel Science Technology 43, 2007, 187 – 192.
[4]. Edward Menezes and Mrinal Choudhari. Pre-treatment of textiles Prior to Dyeing. Textile Dyeing. Prof. Peter Hauser (Ed.) InTech, ISBN: 978-953-307-565-5 (2011).
[5]. Halaoua S., Hamdaoui M., Feki I., Roudesli S., Experimental study and mathematical model to follow the colour changes as result of washing treatments, Asian Journal of Applied Sciences 4 (2), 2016, 548-554.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Combustion Characteristics of Inverse Diffusion Flames with Elliptic Swirlers
Country	::	Egypt
Authors	::	A. Fahmy ||, H.A. Abotaleb ||, M.M. Kamal
Page No.	::	27-44

An experimental study was carried out to comparatively investigate the combustion performance of inverse diffusion flames with elliptic double swirlers and cross flow. A set of six double swirlers were used to study the effect of the swirl direction mode (co-versus counter-swirl), the primary and secondary swirl angles as well as the elliptic swirl aspect ratio on the combustion characteristics of LPG inverse diffusion flames. Under the same values of air and fuel flow rates, it was found that using the counter-swirl mode enhances the combustion performance in comparison to the co-swirl mode. This was indicated in terms of the flame length reduction by about 10% and the respective decrease by 19, 32 and 3% in the CO, UHC and NOx emissions. It was additionally found that the heat transfer from the flame to the combustor wall is enhanced by the counter-swirl mode. Increasing the secondary swirl angle from 30° to 45°, while reducing the primary angle to 30°, results in decreasing the flame length by 7% and reducing the CO, UHC and NOx emissions respectively by 16, 12 and 11%. This indicates that intensifying the secondary swirl angle in the presence of a cross flow has a favorable impact on inverse diffusion flames. Using elliptic swirlers having aspect ratios of 1.25, 1.4 and 1.5 was proven to enhance the combustion characteristics. It was found that the use of elliptic swirlers leads to a shorter flame length, higher flame temperatures and reduced emissions in the case of the aspect ratio of 1.5. The swirler with the aspect ratio of 1.25 represented an optimum aspect ratio value, with a decrease of 30% in the flame length, and a reduction of the UHC and NOx emissions respectively by 61 and 24%; as compared to the circular swirler. On the other hand, the swirler with the aspect ratio of 1.4 achieved the lowest CO emissions with a decrease by 53% from the circular swirler base case. The swirler with the aspect ratio of 1.5 resulted in the highest flame temperature among the group of swirlers.

[1] Zhen Hai Sheng, "Thermal and Emission Characteristics of an Inverse Diffusion Flame With Induced Swirl", Ph.D. Thesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China, September 2009.
[2] H.S. Zhen, C.W. Leung, C.S. Cheung, "Thermal and emission characteristics of a turbulent swirling inverse diffusion flame", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2009.
[3] H.S. Zhen, C.S. Cheung, C.W. Leung, H.B. Li, "Thermal and heat transfer behaviors of an inverse diffusion flame with induced swirl", Fuel Journal, 2012.
[4] Andrzej Sobiesiak, Jamie C. Wenzell, "Characteristics and Structure of Inverse Flames of Natural Gas", Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2005.
[5] A.K. Gupta, D.G. Lilley, N. Syred, "Swirl Flows", Abacus Press, 1984.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Analysis of Number of Yarn Breaks during Warping Process
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Kushal N. Vashi ||, Mox C. Patel ||, Mayur C. Patel
Page No.	::	45-52

The present study was conducted to determine the number of yarn breaks in the Warping Process on Warping Machine. Warping is the process which involves preparing the weaver's beam for the weaving process with a predetermined number of spools or creel to the warp's beam. The research encloses the basic problem of the number of breakage rate of cotton yarns during the warping process during the production process which results in increment of waste and poor quality of product. The approach to control this and to get the best optimum solution is based on the proper experimental design and analysis of the process parameters for effective machining.

 

Keywords: - ANOVA, Beam Drum Pressure Direct Warping Machine, No. of yarn cuts, Taguchi, Warping Speed, Warp Length

[1]. Alsaid Ahmed Almetwally, M. M. Mourad and Abeer Ebraheem Eldsoky Mohammed; "A Study of Yarn Breaks on Warping Machines";Life Science Journal 2013;10(1).
[2]. Dr.S.Bankebihari, Gurbaksh;"An Observed Study of Factors Affecting Productivity in Textile Industries"; SSRG International Journal of Industrial Engineering (SSRG-IJIE) – volume 2 Issue 3–May to June 2015.
[3]. Snjezana Branda, Stana Kovacevic and Borivoj Sabljak; "Prevention of Faults on Wool Fabrics by Application of Cold Sizing"; Textiles and Light Industrial Science and Technology (TLIST) Volume 2 Issue 4, October 2013.
[4]. Himanshu Chaudhary and S.K. Saha;" Finite Element Modeling of Carpet Weaving Loom Structure"; Feb.24-25, 2005, pp. 197-203.
[5]. Frederik Cloppenburg, Yves-Simon Gloy and Thomas Gries;"Realization of an Automated Vertical Warp Stop Motion Positioning";Actuators 2015, 4, 2-16; doi:10.3390/act4010002.